AL- Rifaee et al. (2004) found that increasing plant population of faba bean from 12.5 to 25 plants m-2 resulted in significant increase in number of seeds per pod, harvest index and seed yield. Abdalla (2006) showed that spacing 30 cm gave a significant increase in yield per plant, early yield and total yield comparing with plant spacing 60 cm. Nadal and Moreno (2006) reported that immature green pod yields of faba bean increased as population density increased from 11 up to 33 plants m-2. Thalji (2006) showed that higher row spacing (50-70cm) in faba bean resulted in the greatest grain yield (50-52%) with a reduction at the narrow spacing. Abdel Latif (2008) investigated the effect of plant spacing (10, 20, and 30 cm) on yield and yield components of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) and indicated that increasing plant spacing increased the number of pods per plant and pods per main stem …show more content…
Yucel (2013) found that plant density had a significant effect on first pod length, pod number plant-1, seed number plant-1, 100-seed weight and seed yield of faba bean. Moreover, the lowest 100-seed weight, pod number and seed weight plant-1 as well as the highest values of first pod length were obtained from the highest plant density (intra-row spacing of 5 cm). The highest seed yield was obtained from 15 and 10 cm intra-row spacing. Abd El-Azeem et al. (2014) investigated the response of faba bean to plant spacing (10, 15 and 20 cm between hills). They found that plants grown under highest plant density (10 cm between hills) were produced high seed yield ha-1 (3.7t), while highest seed yield plant-1 (35.9g) was achieved when faba bean plant grown at plant spacing 15cm between
Two members of the group were instructed to visit the laboratory each day of the experiment to water and measure the plants (Handout 1). The measurements that were preformed were to be precise and accurate by the group by organizing a standardized way to measure the plants. The plants were measured from the level of the soil, which was flat throughout all the cups, to the tip of the apical meristems. The leaves were not considered. The watering of the plants took place nearly everyday, except for the times the lab was closed. Respective of cup label, the appropriate drop of solution was added to the plant, at the very tip of the apical meristems.
Faboil Ltd has evolved into a relatively successful organisation in the biotechnology field. The success of the company and its paternal approach was adopted by Dr Alfred Brownlow. Dr Brownlow has led from the front in terms of developing the product range for Faboil Ltd. Richard Cranberry (Director of Biotechnology) has driven very hard to maintain the success of the company, although the organisation lag behind in terms of modus operandi technology. At present, the monopoly position of Faboil Ltd has slowly eroded away and faces two competitors. The major causes are that the new products have failed to live up to market expectations and it is at a backward stage only holding a 20% market share. This report will find the causes of issues in the company and give ideas and resolutions on how to fix the problem.
If intraspecific competition will affect the number of flowers and the height of each plant in Brassica rapa in 2, 5, and 10 seed treatments, then plants in the high density treatment will be shorter and have less flowers. We kept track of the number of flowers on each plant throughout the duration of the experiment, as well as the height of each surviving plant to support our prediction, and the plants with the highest fitness will be taller and have more
The “Fast Plant” experiment is an observation of a plants growth over the span of twenty-eight days. The objective is to observe how plants grow and use their resources throughout the span of their life. In our lab we observed the Brassica rapa, a herbaceous plant in the mustard family which has a short cycle which makes it a perfect plant to observe in this experiment. Like other plants the Brassica rapa must use the resources in the environment to create energy to complete itʻs life cycle and reproduce. By observing the plant it is easy to see in what organ or function the plant is using itʻs energy and resources and if overtime the resources switch to other part of the plants. By conducting this experiment we are able to observe where and how plants allocate their resources throughout their life by harvesting plants at different points in their life.
Three methods that L.L. Bean uses to determine past demand data and a specific item forecast to decide how many units of that to stock are: frozen forecast, A/F ratio demand, and forecast demand. Frozen forecast is based on items in the future period, which is done by the forecasting department and it involves book forecasting and past demand data. One advantage is that this forecast is used together with historical forecast errors, known as A/F ratios. A/F ratios are comprised of past season items and actual demand. Having this information, Bean will be able to estimate the range of inventory that the product will be in the upcoming season after converting the point forecast into a demand distribution. E.g., a 50% chance that the forecast
Monsanto Vegetable Seeds is the world’s largest seed producer. The organization founded in 1901 with a chemical product Saccharin that has evolved over the past hundred plus years (Monsanto Vegetable Seeds, n.d.). The organization, always innovative has found itself in various businesses such as plastics, turf, pharmaceuticals, food, and most recently 100% dedicated to agriculture. A cast organization such as Monsanto has many facets; however, this paper will focus on the vegetable seed division (MVS) within Monsanto. In 2005 the firm primarily focused on corn, cotton and soybean seeds and entered into an entirely new domain of vegetable seed. While its previous product lines were primarily produced, distributed and sold in a relatively small radius, vegetable seeds embarked the firm on a complete new way to manage a supply chain whereas the products may be produced in Asia, cleaned in the U.S. and sold in Europe (M. Secrest, personal communication, June 20, 2011).
With plants of the genus Brassica importance in the form of vegetables and oilseeds (Wang and Freeling 2013), the results of this experiment offer a view into their inheritance patterns which can in the long term be replicated for different outcomes. Augustine et al. discuss the importance of these plants’ traits in terms of food production by stating that studying the mutations of Brassica may lead to improvement of crops by expressing mutations that are desirable phenotypic traits (2014). Brassica are an important part of the global food supply and if any plants can be genetically altered by selective fertilization then those steps should be taken to produce larger, more efficient, or shorter cycling plants. This experiment has supported the inheritance of traits according to Mendel by examining the inheritance of anthocyanin in B. rapa.
An advantage to genetically modified crops is a higher crop yield; this means the crop will produce more crops compared to a crop that isn’t modified. A significant portion of genetically modified crops have being growing in developed countries. In the last couple of years there has been a steady increase in the amount of ...
For years, natural selection has decided how each organism would evolve and which ones would prosper. In order to understand it more thoroughly, we placed 50 dried peas and 50 kidney bean seeds into a paper envelop filled with rice. We then proceeded to pull out seeds without looking from the bag. When analyzing the data we noted that over the generation the population of peas had grown while the kidney beans had vastly diminished. By taking in account the frequency of both seeds in the bag, we concluded that due to the small size of the peas, and the large size of the kidney beans, the peas survived to by blending in with the rice while the beans stood out.
With the rapid growth of our global population pouring into the next millennium, we will witness an ever-growing hunger rate around the world. That is unless we call for a revolution on the global scale. The Green Revolution which already sprouted in the early part of the century only need to add a bit more momentum and we will see a bright future for the human race, a future without hunger and starvation ¡V hopefully.It is becoming increasingly difficult for the planet to support its overwhelming population. And since the amount of arable land available is becoming scarce, we must seek ways to dramatically improve crop yields of existing cropland.
Modern day farmers can plant three times as much corn as their grandfathers. Approximately two hundred bushels of corn come from one acre of land. This impressive haul is due largely to industrialized corn; corn that has been modified to create a greater yield. Impressive corn quantity is due to its tolerance against elements of the environment- inc...
Knowing the difference between pole and bush lima beans (Phaseolus lunatus) is essential before starting the seeds in your garden. Hardy to U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 6 to11, these beans differ in yield and growing methods, which might make you prefer one over the other. (See References 1) Regardless of which type you grow, both are a nice addition in soups, stews and casseroles.
grow and be harvested all yearround", which will multiply the annual food harvest by four
GM crops also benefit the economy and assist in feeding more people. While we struggle with feeding our population, “The population will continue to grow” (Calandrelli 1) For instance, genetic engineering in agriculture can minimize the cost of producing food. Thus, GMO’s in crops can result ...
Pod size ranges from 15-30 mm in length, 7-14 mm in thickness, and 2-15 mm in width. Depending on the basal and apical zones as well as the dorsal and ventral regions, pod shape varies from rhomboid, oblong to ovate. The number of seeds per pod ranges from 1-2, with the maximum being three. The seeds are ramhead or owl's-head shaped, and the surface may be smooth or wrinkled. The length of the seed ranges from 4-12 mm and its width from 4-8 mm. The seed mass varies from 0.10 to 0.75 g per seed. The seeds of kabuli type are large (100 seed mass >25 g), round or ram head, and cream colored. The plant is medium to tall in height, with large leaflets and white flowers, and contains no anthocyanin, whereas the seeds of the desi type are small and angular in shape. The seed color varies from cream, black, brown, yellow to green. There are 2-3 ovules per pod but on an average 1-2 seeds per pod are produced. Chickpea seeds germinate at an optimum temperature (28-33°C) and moisture level in about 5-6 days. Germination begins with absorption of moisture and swelling of the seed. The radicle emerges first followed by the plumule.