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Intro to existentialism
Strengths and weaknesses of existential theory
Essays on existentialism
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Socrates makes a distinction between knowledge and wisdom. For him, knowledge is worthless, while wisdom is worthwhile. It is evident that the rest of the soldiers weren’t aware of the implant because they had consented to have their memories erased after receiving the implant. Socrates would have told them to question the authority. Socratic ignorance is knowing that you don’t know. It was because of the implant that the soldiers didn’t know that the Roaches were normal human beings. In the scene where Stripe is underground with a Roach is when he realizes that he doesn’t know. The purpose of the Socratic method is pathlessness, which is the ability to choose your own path. Wisdom is eliminating false beliefs and useless information. When …show more content…
For the soldiers, the implant allows the soldiers to dissociate themselves from the Roaches. If the soldiers didn’t have the implant, it would have been harder to convince them to kill these people that look just like themselves. We must choose good habits and practice them until they are automatic then they become part of our character. In the case of the soldiers, it is because they have gone on killing sprees that it has become a habit to kill these Roaches. They even have a sense of euphoria and triumph when they do so. Aristotle states that pain and pleasure “act as a sign of your state”. In the example of practicing the virtue of bravery, if the agent feels pain, then that person is not brave, s/he isn’t brave until s/he feels pleasure, because it is then that bravery becomes part of their character. Because the soldiers have this sense of euphoria and triumph, this is an indicator that being assassins of roaches have become part of their character. When Stripe realizes that they are killing innocent people he feels confused, not only about what he has been told but about himself. Aristotle then refers to the use of a scale when you want to obtain a virtue, this scale is used to moderate. When using this scale, we should use reason to honestly assess ourselves. Aristotle states that “excess and deficiency ruin a state”. This applies to good …show more content…
For existentialists, it is cowardly to adapt to existing ideas. They would agree that Stripe's choice to receive the implant again would be a cowardly act, instead of choosing to go against the authority and to form his own meaning about the roaches. Authenticity is being true to yourself, and to base your beliefs on your subjective experience. Stripes choices make him inauthentic, he chooses to live a lie and to erase his experiences of learning that the Roaches weren’t monsters as the implant had made it seem. Authenticity is the opposite of bad faith, hypocrisy, and conformity. Sartre explains the idea of subject/object, this idea is that a person believes to be a subject and assumes that others are subjects as well. Sartre states that we become objects to one another when we interact with one another. This is a result of not having access to other worlds, this then leads to a level of dissociation. This could be the case with the Roaches and the rest of the population because of the prejudices they hold it is impossible for them to understand one another. Simultaneously we are subjects and objects. We have an awareness of being an object to someone else. Sartre believes that split consciousness leads to bad faith. He states that bad faith can be self-deception, and this relates to conformity and inauthenticity. He gives three different examples. The
The focus of Miller’s The Crucible is an appalling witch trial that morfs the once-peaceful town of Salem into a cutthroat slaughterhouse. As a lucrative playwright and a not-so-subtle allegory author, Miller is a seasoned wordsmith who addresses people akin to himself, and is not secretive about that information. The Crucible best serves its purpose as a learning device and a social statement, especially at the time of its publishing. Miller‘s piece showcases the appeals in an easy-to-identify manner that is perfect for middle or high school students who are new to the appeals, or for English majors who have no problem pinpointing them, making this play ideal for a classroom setting.
The Crucible was a rather strong book, it had battles both internal and external, there were also betrayals and vendettas… but a few stuck strong to their morals of what was wrong, and what was right. After the girl’s acts were, undoubtedly, in the eyes of the law, seen as entirely real, people who would not otherwise have been accused of witchcraft were now eligible to be under Satan’s spell. One John Proctor, saw himself above the nonsense, that witches could not exist in Salem, his wife, his children nor him; But, when Mary Warren said to the court that he used his spirit to drag her into court to testify against the girls, the judges deemed her word more truthful than his. After actively and repeatedly denying the claims, he was sentenced to death, for only a witch could lie in the face of god.
Is there any idea worth more than a human life? In The Crucible by Arthur Miller, John Proctor decides that he has nothing left to live for, and therefore becomes a martyr. The question for him or one in his position would be whether or not there exist causes worth dying for and if his position is one such case. There is no principle worth more than a person’s life and therefore principles worth dying for, only principles worth living for.
his heart. She even tries to put a hex on his wife, Elizabeth Procter. When
Power and fear can affect people´s sense of what's wrong and what's right. In “the Crucible” by Miller, we can see how the trials affected every individual in a negative aspect. people suffered because of such power and unfairness the authority had. The witch trials affected a lot of individuals from an emotional aspect to a psychological trauma.
Great events, whether they are beneficial or tragic ones, bring change in a person. These scenarios can give one an entirely new perspective on life, and turn around his way of thinking. Events such as the Salem Witch Trials show the people involved what they could not see before. In Arthur Miller's The Crucible, Elizabeth Proctor, Reverend Hale, and John Proctor gain valuable insight into themselves, as well as others.
The Crucible – Human Nature Human nature was fully to blame for the disaster which took place in Salem in 1692. Human nature is what your character is made of in trying situations, and in 1692 scientific knowledge was extremely poor by today's standards and so all reoccurring problems were blamed on an evil force, whether it be the devil or witches or anything the imagination could conjure, hence human nature was being tested regularly. The decisions people made were critical to the disaster's progression, in today's scene in would have been dismissed within minutes, but the paranoia floating around in the town kept the ball rolling. People were so terrified of the thought of evil that any suggestion of it would create a preordained judgement in the mind of anyone, especially those who made judgement of the accused. To get to the supposed
What does the word crucible, mean to you? In fact, crucible has multiple meanings. A play called The Crucible, tells of the Salem witch trials that took place in 1692. Many innocent people died during the trials or admitted to accusations that they truly never committed, just to save their lives. The witch trials were a devastating time for the people of Salem. The play fits the multiple definitions all too well. This essay helps prove that all three of the definitions clearly make the title The Crucible, the perfect name for the play. A pot made of porcelain that can be heated to high temperatures, but not break, a severe test, and a place or situation that influences change or development are the three definitions of the word crucible that fit perfectly with the plot of the play, the major themes, concepts, and characters, making it the ideal title.
...test, it is hard not to draw some parallels. Milgram noticed that if people did not have direct contact with the people they were inflicting pain on, two-thirds of the subjects inflicted what was considered extreme pain. If they had visual and voice feedback, only forty percent obeyed orders. The number fell to thirty percent if they were in direct contact with the person they were shocking. Browning also points out that the social pressures of conformity were quite apparent. "Within virtually every social collective, the peer group exerts tremendous pressures on behavior and sets the moral norms. If the men of Reserve Police Battalion 101 could become killers under such circumstances, what group of men cannot?" (Browning, 189) In closing, these men, who appeared to be quite ordinary, became extraordinary in their brutality and killing, no matter what the reason. Decidedly, their contribution to the genocide was quite significant. It is a shame that many received little, or no punishment for the slaughter they participated in.
In conclusion, the acting in the production was very good. I was held captivated by the accents and shocked by the language and dialect because I knew that this really happens and has happened. I felt like I could actually change what was happening on stage. For Instance, when the rumble is happening and Bernardo and Riff bring out the switchblades, I gasped. Silently to myself, I said "DON'T DO THIS. THIS WAS SUPPOSED TO BE A CLEAN FAIR FIGHT. YOU GUYS ARE MORE SIMILAR THAN YOU ARE DIFFERENT, JUST BEING FRIENDS." The same occurrence happened when Anita is assaulted by the Jets when attempting to find Tony to save him. I understood her feelings and wanted the Jets to get in trouble for their actions. I became invested in what happened to the
The Crucible is a famous play written by Arthur Miller in the Early 1950’s. It was written during the “Red scare, when McCarthyism was established. Many anti-communists wanted to prevent communism from spreading just like in The Crucible many wanted to get rid of witchcraft. Many would accuse others of witchcraft in order to not be accused just like many would accuse people of communism. In The Crucible witchcraft would be punishable by death. Many were scared to be accused; therefore many would admit practicing witchcraft in order to save their lives. The Crucible is considered a good play because it is based on real life events during the Salem witch Trials and shows how fear played a role in the individual’s life just like during the “Red” scare.
In the play The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, the character John Proctor will not lie and confess to something he did not do. Thus, he is hanged for his principles. Proctor has two main principles he felt were more important to respect and uphold than his own life. The most obvious one was his reputation. In theocratic Salem, where private and public ethics are regarded equally, one’s reputation plays an important role. In such an environment where reputation is regarded so highly many are afraid of guilt by association. Various characters base their actions on the desire to protect their own reputations, in order to keep them in the best light possible. Towards the beginning of the play, John Proctor sought to keep his good name protected, despite the fact it could have easily been tarnished if his secret affair with Abigail Williams had been found out. Because of this, he misses his opportunity to stop the group of girl’s accusations because he’d rather preserve his own reputation then testify against Abigail. Eventually, he is forced to relinquish his good name to save his wife from being persecuted against for a crime she did not commit. When she is asked to back up her husband’s confession, Elizabeth chooses to protect her husband’s reputation rather than tell the truth about his affair. Because of this Proctor is eventually accused as a witch and is to hang. By the end of the play, right before Proctor’s hanging is to commence, he is given the choice to sign a confession. The confession being that he was a witch, he trafficked with the devil, and that he saw other prosecuted witches trafficking with the devil. After much inner turmoil and debate he agrees to sign the confession, but refuses to give it to Judge Danforth or Judge Hathorne. He exclaims, “I have given you my soul; leave me my name!” asking that he be allowed to keep the paper and his reputable name. When they refused, claiming that they had to nail it to the church door so all of Salem Village may see, John rips it up. He will not allow his name to be tarnished, even if the only way to keep his good reputation is to die for a crime he didn’t commit.
We choose, act, and take responsibility for everything, and thus we live, and exist. Life cannot be anything until it is lived, but each individual must make sense of it. The value of life is nothing else but the sense each person fashions into it. To argue that we are the victims of fate, of mysterious forces within us, of some grand passion, or heredity, is to be guilty of bad faith. Sartre says that we can overcome the adversity presented by our facticity, a term he designs to represent the external factors that we have no control over, such as the details of our birth, our race, and so on, by inserting nothingness into it.
“It is better to encounter your existence in disgust, then never to encounter it at all.” What Sartre is saying is that it is better to determine who you are in dissatisfaction, rather than never truly discovering yourself. Sartre’s worst fear in life would be to realize that you have never truly lived. For example, if you were to land a career that you were not interested in and you were just going through the motions of everyday life, Sartre would say that life was not a life worth living. Sartre’s goal in life was to reach the ultimate level; he said life was “Nausea” , because we are always trying to reach the next level, we are always in motion. Sartre had two theories that determine our way of life, Being-In-Itself and Being-For-Itself. Being-In-Itself is the ultimate level, if you reach this level you have fulfilled yourself completely, you have lived your life to the fullest. Being-For-Itself is where we as human beings are, we are always trying to work to become perfect. Our goal in life is to find an authentic existence, and we get there by saying no. Sartre’s philosophy of freedom is obtained by saying no, when we say no we are giving ourselves the option of what we do in our life. By saying no, we receive freedom of our life. “You should say no about every belief if there is a doubt about it.” Sartre also says our human existence is always in
As I read The Crucible I asked myself, “How accurate is this story? Surely this isn’t how things went.” A tale of childishness, jealousy, madness, self loathing fear and much more. Confusion brought upon the townsfolk seemed to drive everyone to madness. Lies were told to keep secrets, but these lies sent everyone to hysteria.