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Universal Design for Learning and Approaches Reflection paper
How to accommodate diverse learners in terms of inclusivity
Universal Design for Learning and Approaches Reflection paper
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Universal Design for Learning
Teachers are faced with the challenge of helping all students learn and succeed in their classroom. This is a daunting task because of the diversity of learners that come from various learning styles, English language proficiency, or even learning disabilities. The Center for Applied Special Technology (CAST) was founded in 1984 by a group of educators that were interested in providing a better educational experience for students with disabilities. The results of their research led CAST to develop the Universal Design for Learning (UDL) which is based upon the Universal Design principles used in Architecture and construction. Universal Design is meant to provide access to all. This goal of Universal Design would mean accessible design features to buildings in the area of construction. CAST (n.d.), defines Universal Design for Learning as, “a framework for designing curricula that enable all individuals to gain knowledge, skills, and enthusiasm for learning. This is accomplished by providing rich supports for learning and reduces barriers to the curriculum while maintaining high achievement standards for all.” This framework is based on best practices and serves as an aggregation of research based techniques to increase student success.
Universal Design for Learning is organized into three general principles that have been broken down into considerable detail as part of the Universal Design Learning Guidelines developed by CAST. The principles of UDL are designed to provide multiple means of representation, action and expression, and engagement (CAST, 2011). Multiple means of representation includes varying the ways that information is presented to students along with providing necessary su...
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...his particular curriculum. I would facilitate the training where the teachers would assume the role of the student and go through the various activities, articles, and the video. The training would allow the teachers to gain their own understanding of how these changes can be made to the existing curriculum to obtain the same end result but to do so by increasing student engagement and access to all learners.
Universal Design for Learning can be used to modify any existing lesson to change up the types of activities and methods of instruction to open up the access to all learners to positively impact student achievement. The foundation of Universal Design was put in place to support students with disabilities but these principles of UDL are simply best practices that would enhance the instruction for any teacher regardless of the types of students in the class.
An educator must have the ability to notice the value of extending planning and subject matter. In addition, educators need to be flexible enough to change the curriculum based upon state standards and the student’s ability to absorb information.
However, through the passage of legislation, decisions handed down from courts, and a shift in societal mores, it is clear that such an approach will no longer be allowed. Education today is an institution that must meet the needs of all learners without exception. In response to this new belief structure, teachers have two choices: adapt the lessons they plan to meet these needs, or design the lessons universally from the start. The former approach is common, but proponents of universal design for learning hope that will change as acceptance of the latter grows. These proponents argue that universa...
Dukes, Charles. Dukes, Pamela. (2009). The 'Standard' of the 'Standard' Inclusion by design: Engineering. inclusive practices in secondary schools.
middle of paper ... ... As a Proactive Educator, I would engage in a lot more hands-on learning activities. Not only because they are entertaining and enjoyable, but also because the students get to be involved with helping one another in the class. By doing more hands on learning in my class, it would make it a more educational learning environment, and hopefully would keep all the students working at the same pace.
Schiffma, S.S. (1991). Instructional systems design: Five view of the field. In G.J. Anglin (Ed.),
Cloran (n.d.) suggest teachers need to have a broad understanding of giftedness and learning disabilities, a variety of identification measures and the ability to modify the curriculum and implement differentiated teaching strategies to meet the unique needs of all students. A graduate teacher recognises that students learn in their own way and should understand and be able to identify a number of teaching strategies to differentiate and meet the learning needs of all students. They may create groups based on previous assessment results and set clear or modified instructions for each group based on ability or learning styles. To address the specific learning needs of all student abilities, multi-sensory strategies using charts, diagrams, outside lessons and videos, as well as posters around the room or information on the desk could be used. Tomlinson (1999) suggests that differentiated instruction aims to build on student’s strengths and maximize their learning by adjusting instructional tasks to suit their individual needs. Ensuring teaching and instructions are clear, revising and prompting students during lessons and providing templates and assisting student in breaking down tasks into achievable, systematic chunks are some additional examples. Lucas, (2008) suggests highlighting key vocabulary within the text to focus students on the central concepts within the text. Quick finishing students should be provided with the opportunity to extend themselves with extension tasks that have a specific purpose and
This chapter introduces the concepts of exceptional students, the concepts of inclusion, and how these ideas have developed in the Canadian education systems. I have taken classes that cover these concepts before, but it is interesting for me to review them in the light of both my pre-internship and internship experiences. After these experiences I think I am better able to understand these concepts because I have dealt with them as a classroom teacher.
Instruction. These two strategies are approaches that address classroom diversity in general education settings, and inclusion classroom settings. The idea of UDL is that instructional lessons, strategies, and assessments are planned with supports, which are more likely to be well-suited for students with special needs. The supports minimize the need for adaptations at a later time. Properly designed classrooms require fewer adaptations for students with special needs, is an ass...
“The universal design for learning involves the conscious and deliberate planning of lessons and outcomes that allow all students access to and participation in the same curricula.” (Ashman & Elkins, 2008, p. 248) When curricula, instruction and assessment are designed using UDL students are offered various approaches of; presentation, expression, and engagement (who, what and why of learning). Using the UDL teachers must allow students to present information and content in different ways, differentiate the ways that students can express what they know, and stimulate interest, engagement and motivation for learning. (Ashman & Elkins, 2...
This paper will define and explore the three major aspects of Gagné’s approach to instructional design, which include: nine events of instruction, conditions of learning and learning outcomes. How Gagné’s theory correlates to the Walter Dick and Lou Carey’s systems approach to instructional design will also be considered (Dick and Carey, 1996).
Pisha, B., & Coyne, P. (2001). Smart from the start- the promise of universal design for learning. Remedial and special education, 22(4), 197-203.
Pisha, B, & Coyne, P. (2001). Smart from the start: The promise of Universal design for learning. Remedial and special education, 22(4), 197-203. Proquest education journals
Students with learning disabilities in the regular classroom may have challenges that require special attention. If the teacher is able to identify the disabilities and the features associated with them then the teacher can tailor the lessons to meet the needs of the students. These may include differentiated instruction and facilitating an inclusive classroom which will see inclusive strategies employed that will cater to the needs of students with learning disabilities. These inclusive strategies can range from individualized learning programs to team and co-teaching. In some cases, the teacher can arrange for a special education teacher or arrange for a pull out program to assist students who have learning disabilities. Strategies that will also cater to learning disabilities may also include the use of technology. According to Ford 2013 ‘In some situations it may be best for students with LD to be taught in separate pull out classrooms with a teacher who can provide targeted skill instruction in areas where a student is struggling.’ ‘When provided appropriate support within this setting, many of these students can achieve academically and develop positive self-esteem and social skills. (American Speech-Language-Hearing Association 1991). They also recommend that schools should ‘require in-service programs for all school personnel to give them the knowledge and skills necessary to provide education for students with learning disabilities in the regular education classroom.’ Schools should include activities to help participants learn strategies to meet individual needs of students, foster attitudes conductive to educating students with learning disabilities in the regular education classroom, and promote
...’ transition from their home environment to the class environment by fulfilling any job title that they need me to be. I will also provide a flexible curriculum that is geared toward their specific abilities to learn using every teaching tool available to me.
Since then, Basic Principles of Curriculum and Instruction has been a standard reference for anyone working with curriculum development. Although not a strict how-to guide, the book shows how educators can critically approach curriculum planning, studying progress and retooling when needed. Its four sections focus on setting objectives, selecting learning experiences, organizing instruction, and evaluating progress. Readers will come away with a firm understanding of how to formulate educational objectives and how to analyze and adjust their plans so that students meet the objectives. Tyler also explains that curriculum planning is a continuous, cyclical process, an instrument of education that needs to be fine-tuned.