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Scientific evolutionary theory of charles darwin
Scientific evolutionary theory of charles darwin
Scientific evolutionary theory of charles darwin
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“I know” refers to the possession of knowledge by an individual - personal knowledge. “We know” refers to a knowledge that belongs to a group – shared knowledge .
Shared knowledge is the product of more than one individual, where individuals may or may not contribute to this knowledge, however, this does not depend only in the contributions of one individual in particular, others may verify or correct the individual contributions and add knowledge the already existing (group knowledge). For example, in psychology for a beginner its really easy to come up with conclusions of an experiment or accept the conclusion provided by the investigator as correct and “the absolute truth”, but as the person gains more knowledge about several other factors that could have influenced the outcome of the experiment this individual will eventually start questioning the investigation and provide knowledge that will influence some people that belong in the group of shared knowledge.
Shared knowledge changes and evolves though
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An example of this could be Charles Darwin, who has postulated crucial theories regarding human evolution and other scientific and philosophic theories. He had personal knowledge that allowed him to see things differently and was able to use all of these knowledge to move forward with his exploration of the tough questions surrounding the origins of the human species or more specifically the human evolution. Darwin’s theories had to match the criteria of the accepted methods of discovery that were scientifically permitted in those times. His ideas had to be coherent and had to adjust themselves to previous known experimental or scientific discoveries, they also had to be revised by peers. Only after meeting these requirements Darwin’s visions were able to be accepted by the scientific community. This example shows personal knowledge leading to developments in shared
This scenario occurs all the time in the history field. One historian writes a book or paper and other historians accept or reject his arguments by doing their own research and making their own conclusions. Many historians wrote about the Progressive era after Hofstadter did. Many
Almost all knowledge is gained from others. In a collectivist society where knowledge is valued, knowledge when discovered would be shared and expanded upon, discoveries that would take
The relationship of outside knowledge and self-knowledge can be simply described as a love/hate relationship. While outside knowledge may hold many accounts of seen or heard experiences and bring those together to form a thought, self-knowledge can only contain one person’s account but have much more relatability and basis. When a movement is occurring the strength and movement of the self-knowledge is much more suitable because it causes people to feel connected to that person and therefore the movement. An example of this is The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano by Olaudah Equiano. However, outside knowledge allows for a more broad sense of knowledge that may have been obtained through many experiences and studies. “The
The Oxford dictionary defines knowledge as the sum of what is known and ethical responsibility as the duty to follow a path that is deemed morally correct.
Scientists like Darwin accepted the risks involved in presenting new ideas. Voltaire also was a revolutionary thinker. Although, he presented ideas of his own, he decided to satirize science and religion. Each society, church, men of academia, believes that their ideas are correct and therefore are the best of the world. It is true, even to this day, that each nation has a different set of standards, reasoning, and beliefs on how life works and what are the best possible things to believe in. In some cases, nations try to push those beliefs on other nations. This results in a push for new scientific research and other religious and philosophical beliefs of that nation, to fight the ideas that are being reflected on them.
Knowledge can be said to be information that the brain has received that meets a
If knowledge didn’t evolve, then according to what was once ‘accepted knowledge,’ the Earth would still be flat. This evolution however, was only possible due to the inherently flawed means by which humans pursued this so-called knowledge. The statement we will be addressing throughout this essay – “That which is accepted as knowledge today is sometimes discarded tomorrow” – has a key word; “accepted.” When people accept something as knowledge based on unreliable principles, then it is bound to be discarded tomorrow. Because of the flawed ways of knowing, our knowledge is also flawed and therefore should always be challenged to ensure it is accurate and reflective of the objective world. Various disciplines – science and history– along with their associated knowledge claims will be examined closely throughout this essay to assess whether knowledge should in fact be discarded.
Knowledge has a preliminary definition which is that it is justified true belief. Due to its dynamic nature, knowledge is subject to review and revision over time. Although, we may believe we have objective facts from various perceptions over time, such facts become re-interpreted in light of improved evidence, findings or technology and instigates new knowledge. This raises the questions, To what extent is knowledge provisional? and In what ways does the rise of new evidence give us a good reason to discard our old knowledge? This new knowledge can be gained in any of the different areas of knowledge, by considering the two areas of knowledge; History and Natural Sciences, I will be able to tackle these knowledge issues since they both offer more objective, yet regularly updated knowledge, which is crucial in order to explore this statement. I believe that rather than discarding knowledge we build upon it and in doing so access better knowledge, as well as getting closer to the truth.
‘It is more important to discover new ways of thinking about what is already known than to discover new data or facts’. To what extent would you agree with this claim?
Collaborative learning is a situation where two or more people attempt to learn something together. Dillenbourg, P. (1999). Lev Semenovich Vygotsky, (born in 1986), introduced his theory that, human development—child development as well as the development of all human kind—is the result of interactions between people and their social environments. What this states is that the development of a “higher education” is the product of comparing and contrasting ideas of others ultimately to conclude a solution to a problem as a whole or group. Everyone’s input in a collaborative situation will play a role in final solution.
When I think about knowledge the first thing that comes to my mind is education. I believe that knowledge comes to people by their experiences in life. In other words, life is an instrument that leads me to gain knowledge. Many people consider that old people are wise because they have learned from good and bad experiences throughout their lives. Education requires work, dedication and faith to gain knowledge. We acquired knowledge through the guidance of from parents, role models, college/University teachers and life experiences.
Shaping knowledge is similar to reevaluating what a person may consider to be true. While this is neither a positive or negative thing, it impacts the progression of the world, in terms of societal cues, which is constantly reliant on continued shared knowledge among individuals. Shared knowledge shapes personal knowledge, and this is done by strengthening personal knowledge or by bringing its validity into question. This is dependent on the individual accepting knowledge. Some people may not have experienced a certain type of situation, so they would
Collaborative learning is an educational approach that involves groups of learners working together to reach a consensus through negotiation to solve a problem, complete a task, or create a product (Bruffee, 1993). Learning occurs through active engagement among peers, wherein the main characteristics of collaborative learning are: a common task or activity; small group learning, co-operative behaviour; interdependence; and individual responsibility and accountability (Lejeune, 2003).
The definition of truth is 'that which is true or in accordance with fact or reality' or 'a fact or belief'. Truth is both objective and subjective and I seek to derive to what extent are personal and shared knowledge questions valid. Shared knowledge is objective, highly structured, systematic in its nature and the product of more then one individual. An example of shared knowledge is, Physics for example. A construct of knowledge that is shared. Many have access to it and can contribute to it. In this case shared knowledge is shown as an objective and agreed upon entity. Physics, a science in this case is a tangible process backed up with evidence. Where as personal knowledge is subjective, an individual's interpretative belief and is shaped
Socrates once said “To know, is to know that you know nothing. That is the meaning of true knowledge.”(Citation ) The study of knowledge is something philosophers have been conducting from the creation of philosophy. In fact knowledge is one of the perennial topics of philosophy, just as nature of matter in the physical sciences. The discipline of knowledge is known as epistemology(Greek meaning of knowledge and reason). Epistemology is literally defined as means to reason about knowledge, to think about knowledge and to examine knowledge so that we may better ourselves. Philosophers who study knowledge attempt to study what makes up knowledge, the kinds of things one can know, what the limits of knowledge and above all, the age long question