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A short report on participant observation
Culture in health promotion
Writing about participant observation
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A gym as defined by the Oxford Dictionary states that it is a “membership organization that provides a range of facilities designed to improve and maintain physical fitness and health.” Within our society, the culture of a gym or health club is comprised of those who wish to maintain their physical health, as well as form a bond for like-minded people to support one another with their health goals within a shared environment. I have chosen to observe and understand the culture that embodies the Westford Regency Health Club, a local Massachusetts gym with higher than average membership pric es and a higher end reputation in comparison to the average franchised gym, such as Planet Fitness. I chose this particular gym for the sole fact that it is labeled as a “health club,” rather than a gym, which brings about the notion that it is somehow superior in regards to its facilities and membership privileges. For my research, I used an inductive method including participant-observation, as well as field notes gathered from my visits as a new member.
While having been to various gyms in the past, my pre-conceived notions about what to expect within the health club was that the demographic would consist of upper middle class caucasian women, with the facilities meticulously clean and the health club itself to be in a state of the art shape in regards to new equipment and a spacious, luxurious locker room. I believed that the fitness classes they offered would be instructed by experienced professionals. What I had hoped to learn upon the beginning of my forays into the health club was how the members interacted amongst each other including the staff, how the culture varied from that of a less-expensive gym, and overall how the Westford Rege...
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...hat the facilities are at best decent and nothing relatively superior, is for the use of a gym that isn’t over crowded, and filled with like-minded individuals of the same age and race. My research methods such as an inductive method including participant-observation allowed me to observe the members and how they interacted amongst each other. Most of what I learned came from the women’s locker room, where many of them felt as ease as they discussed diets, workouts, and health issues. The one aspect that did change after using the facilities was that the price included within the membership was not for high end machines, or for state of the art locker rooms with luxurious amenities. The price is paid to be part of a network of older individuals, with like-minded ideas of staying fit for the sake of being healthy, and to work out in a crowd-free, judgment free area.
Customers usually make decision of purchase by comparing the “value” of a product or service, which can be looked as the benefit–sacrifice ratio. Many customers find the prices of most health club and gyms too high because they see little value in some of extra amenities, in other words, they find that the benefit they receive is not valuable, comparing to the sacrifices they make; in this case, the benefit-sacrifice ratio in this case is pretty low. Therefore, Planet Fitness offers good value membership, which means high benefit-sacrifice ratio for customers, comparing to other major gyms.
Equinox is more than just a gym; it’s the Rolls Royce of gyms. By placing heavy emphasis on luxury and high-performance, Equinox delivers a product that parallels to the luxury lifestyle of their clientele. Its one-of-a-kind vibe combined with a sophisticated and daring attitude resonates throughout the brand and their facilities. Equinox’s marketing tactics fixates on a clean-cut design with the brand’s promise to deliver “substance with style”; this attention into reinventing their image has proven to be successful over the years. Everything from their website, social media, blog, mobile app, to their edgy ads has touch of luxury that allows them to successfully sell not only a gym membership, but a lifestyle to their clients.
Estimated market share: 3.6%. With over 700 fitness clubs in North America, LA Fitness emphasizes multipurpose sports facilities that frequently include swimming pools, basketball courts, racquetball courts and indoor tracks alongside traditional weightlifting and cardio equipment. Founded in 1984 and headquartered in Irvine, California, LA Fitness operates 30 locations across Canada. The company consistently ranks in Club Industry Magazine’s Top 100 Health Clubs rankings and according to this list, is one of the only global fitness companies that generate over $1.0 billion in revenue. As an upscale fitness club, LA Fitness commands a relatively high market share when considering that they only have 30 locations
The gym is a place where a typical American college student goes to work out their bodies. Based on the fact that I personally could be considered a gym rat, a stereotypical name for someone who spends a lot of time in the work out area. This is partially by choice being on the swim team requires the strength training equipment that is available to our disposal in the gym. While I have been to the gym many times I haven’t really taken the time to take in the other people around me. Within this ethnographic exercise I will explore the college gym norms within Roger Williams University.
Entertainment has been an established part of the American culture almost since its founding. The types of entertainment that most Americans enjoy in today's world are going to the movies, going out to eat, and exercising. Different forms of exercise vary from running and playing sports to weight lifting. Those who enjoy weight lifting can choose to do so in the privacy of their home, in a community center like the YMCA, or in a health club. At a health club one can expect to find a wide variety of people; however, some of these people add to the downside of working out at a local health club because they can be annoying and obnoxious. Three types of these annoying, obnoxious people found at the weight room of a local health club are the show-off, the know-it-all, and the wanderer; these types can be identified by their physical appearance, their social behavior, and their attitude.
One of the most complex and interesting aspects of cultural anthropology is the ethnography. The idea of being able to read stories about groups of individuals is something that is intriguing to many people. With the ethnography, the authors many times feel that they have control and understanding over the individuals that they are writing about. Furthermore, many of these authors assume that the individuals among whom they are living and studying exemplify the entire society as a whole. Ethnographers have used many different means of establishing their ethnographic authority. One such method is the use of reflexivity in the ethnography. Ethnographers such as Renato Rosaldo in his work Culture and Truth: The Remaking of Social Analysis and Bronislaw Malinowski in his work Argonauts of the Western Pacific assume their authority through the use of reflexivity. On the other hand, there are authors such as George E. Marcus in his work Ethnography Through Thick and Thin, who explain that reflexivity should be used as a means of demonstrating that one cannot assert such authority, and Dorinne Kondo, in her work Dissolution and Reconstruction of Self: Implications for Anthropological Epistemology, who use reflexivity to make a distinction between the ethnographer's role in the field, and the ethnographer’s role when writing the ethnography.
James P. Spradley (1979) described the insider approach to understanding culture as "a quiet revolution" among the social sciences (p. iii). Cultural anthropologists, however, have long emphasized the importance of the ethnographic method, an approach to understanding a different culture through participation, observation, the use of key informants, and interviews. Cultural anthropologists have employed the ethnographic method in an attempt to surmount several formidable cultural questions: How can one understand another's culture? How can culture be qualitatively and quantitatively assessed? What aspects of a culture make it unique and which connect it to other cultures? If ethnographies can provide answers to these difficult questions, then Spradley has correctly identified this method as revolutionary.
Sassatelli, Roberta. 2010. Fitness Culture : Gyms and the Commercialisation of Discipline and Fun.Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire ; New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Crossfit Community: Forging Elite Community. (2012, February 19). Retrieved February 19, 2012, from A Crossfit Inc. Web site: http://www.crossfit.com/cf-affiliates/
Personal space, body language, and overall interaction between the participants in the gym was something that I hadn't paid enough attention to in the past, from the distance I could see that their interests. The intimate couples that I noticed in the gym seemed again sought to have created a private space for them by erecting invisible barriers through their private body language directed only at each other, resulting in considerable more space between these couples and other groups of people in the gym. It was a clear and present body language of please do not bother us attitude left a sense of diffused power that would be involved power relationships that operate without covert commands and requests. The dynamics of the couple was something that was very obvious, in that I was able to note the dominant and the submissive person. The person who had a tendency to meet the needs and the one who had the ability to be demanding.
The Small Gym has a very different dynamic. I am allowed access to the Small Gym being that it was my former place of employment. The Small Gym is owned by a family member of mine whose name I’ve given to be Bryan. From experience I know the gym membership has gone up and down from depending on how aggressive marketing is and the time of year. There are times when the gym is full of 50 people and times when it may only have five or ten members at a time. Bryan employed people in a number of ways but primarily in traditional fashion, renting out gym space to private trainers and hiring trainers to train gym members. The gym’s location is in a relatively nice area of the inland empire. However, its members have continuously had a wide
Forget about the people who don’t have the money or the time to participate. Ignore the low-paid janitors, maintenance workers, and front-desk clerks, whose jobs don’t even offer health insurance. Just focus on the entitled inhabitants of the gym (or running or rowing group), who are encouraged to make themselves healthier and more attractive in a leisurely, carefully designed way, stopping for an occasional juice drink or chat. In this world, the sexes are more or less equal, people of all skin colors and sexual orientations mingle freely without the need to drink and dress up, and bodies are displayed with a minimum of self-consciousness, there’s free Wi-Fi and, in the locker rooms, free shampoo and
There are many stereotypes about the gym and what occurs while people workout. I chose to observe some norms of our gym here at South Dakota School of Mines. I thought it would be interesting to see how gym behavior here stacked up to what might be considered “normal” in other gyms. I thought it might be considerably different due to the gym belonging to a STEM school and many students here being somewhat socially awkward. In an attempt to be inconspicuous, I made sure to wear average gym attire (black shorts and a grey t-shirt) and was using a stationary bike the entire time. I hid my note sheet by having my differential equations homework on the first page of my notepad and my observations on the second. Whenever anyone was close I would
In today’s society it is very easy to forget that not all men and women are equal or have the same goals put upon them when they grow up. This plays a big factor when it comes to the gym; a very well known male dominated location, where the myth that if a woman lifts too much she begins to look too manly and lose that feminine physic. Due to this myth, I decided that I would go to the YMCA, located in the outskirts of downtown Phoenix. I wanted to make it look as normal as possible for everyone so it didn’t look like I was just staring at him or her for an hour. I wore the “proper” gym attire for men (basketball shorts and an old t-shirt). The sets of experiments I was going to be observing was
In order to please customers that way they wont feel “forgotten about” gyms can send welcome letters, call and send birthday cards, and congratulatory notes whenever the member celebrates his birthday, send promotions, or send cards by trainers when one has reached a particular fitness goal respectively. Myself being a member of LA Fitness one of my favorite things they do each month is member appreciation in which they allow you to bring a friend for free which is always fun. They also have days in where they give free things such as power bars, water bottles and fruits. It makes you feel like hey they actually think of there members. These extra services being provided by a gym will make members feel appreciated and welcomed. Members being provided great service will have no hesitation when it comes to bragging about good service. These are also things that will posted online by members and viewed by other eyes that that haven't been