Around the 1940's the black ethnic group came to England. Most of them had reasons like: · They needed workers to repair the damage parts of England after the Second World War. · Good jobs · Work as servant for rich merchant · Fought for the war · Education so that they make a good career · Better life · A land of good hopes Most of them came during the war to help the allies to fight and after the war most of them returned home but the rest of the black Caribbean stayed in England. From 1948 to 1958 about 1000 immigrants per year came to settle in Britain, out of which 60% of them came from Jamaica. In 1952 there was a sudden increase of immigrants and by 1961 there were almost 172,000 west Indians in Britain. Most of them came to make wealth and to build up good reputation through education and hard work {Celebrating the 50th Anniversary of Britain's first post war immigrations from Caribbean's} In all these reasons given, immigration to Britain took place because there was hope for making wealth in a fast developing country. But their hopes changed greatly when prejudice and racism came face to face to them. Examples: · Blacks were not allowed in some shops. · Their rights were restricted. · Black children were bullied at school. · The white community created two classes of people where blacks were regarded as inferior. · Black people were not allowed to be house owners. · And also were not paid well only if they were lucky to get a job. And there were no laws against that till the 1960's. And all of this came from fear of domination. The white community feared they would loose their land and life so they made up their heads against the black community. And all of this happened because of jealousy, jealous of power. When the black community's hopes went down they felt bad; all their
350,000 African Americans served in segregated units during World War I, mostly as support troops. Several units saw action alongside French soldiers
...than those of the wealthy, were often more painful than the deaths of the wealthy, and were often not properly recognized or respected due to the replaceable nature of minimum wage workers
They were forced to go out to work and make a rapid transition into adulthood. In these work places they, like any other adult, had a limited amount of time to eat. Patience Kershaw, a miner at the age of 17 recalls having cake for dinner- in inadequate dinner- and she does “not stop or rest at any time for the purpose” referring to her inability to eat throughout the day . She of course is not the only one, Elizabeth Bentley who works in the mills was asked whether she had the opportunity to eat in the factory. The 23 year old who began working at the age of 6 replied with a “no” saying how she had little to eat. The human rights were furthermore diminished as I read further on about the consequences there were if a child were to arrive late to work or became drowsy. Clearly the long hours and often times the long travel from home to work would severely tire anyone, to keep the kids under control and alert while working, the over lookers resorted to strapping them “when they became drowsy”. Matthew Crabtree explains the dread that these kids had of getting beaten, due to the fear they had we can infer that the means of physical abuse was prevalent in these factories. In the mines the young girls and women had to adapt to the conditions of their workplace. The vigorous lifting and loading was a strenuous activity done by both sexes, males worked naked to combat heat while females also worked
To begin with their jobs were not only the sort of jobs that we would
in jobs such as streetcar conductors and bricklayers. But as the war started to end,
They also had prior income to support themselves even if they had no beneficial skills. I think that they would also have more friends and people that could teach them skills
and owning only the clothes they wore. The need for assistance was very desperate as thousands
or not at all, seeing as there was no longer many other jobs and they
When we observe the enormous progress America has made from the beginning of the thirteen colonies to what it is today, we clearly see that society has grown tremendously in its advancements in communication, speed, and travel, etc., but have we unknowingly degenerated in our culture and values? Mark Sundeen says “Begging may be the most shameful act in America.” But why is that so? If we take a look at religions such as Hinduism and Buddhism, giving alms to the poor is thought as “… increasing the chances [of being] admitted into paradise or reincarnated in a good body…” (McMahon). Begging in America is looked down at for the reason that over time begging has evolved from a person who has been financially stricken and cannot afford to live, to someone who is looking to earn some extra cash.
that were seeking work found jobs in farming, mining, and railroad construction work this help
The article, “RACE AND ETHNICITY- CHANGING SYMBOL IS OF DOMINANCE AND HIERARCHY IN THE UNITED STATES” by Karen I. Blu is an exceptional work that clearly expounds on the racial and ethnic groups especially in America. Racial and ethnic groupings are gradually becoming popular in the public arena, in which people are shifting their focus on classifying other people on the basis of racial groupings to rather classifying them on the basis of ethnicity. Moreover, race grouping is slowly submerging into ethnic grouping with Black activism being the role player in this (Blu, 1979). The following is a summary of the aforementioned article in how it relates to racial and ethnic groups and response regarding its views.
Growing up, my family consisted of my mother, father, and my three brothers. My father was of German decent and my mother was of Irish. There was a stigma attached to being a German American back in the late 1940’s and as a result, my father would have nothing to do with this German heritage. He changed his name from Willie to William and as a great disappointment to my grandparents, refused to learn the German language. Even with his attempts to keep his ethnicity out of his life, my father retained many of the German traits of his parents. He is extremely hardworking and thrifty. The thought of going into dept makes him physically sick to his stomach. He would never own a credit card. To make a major purchase such as a car or appliance, he would take a 2nd and sometimes a 3rd job so he could pay cash for the items. I like to think that I inherited my father’s work ethics. But I know for a fact that I don’t have an ounce of his thrifty ways, nor do my daughter. I miss the German foods that my Grandmother used to make. Now that she is gone, I wish I had some of her recipes. The only German foods I can make are potato pancakes and German Potato salad, which my daughters love, or at least they say they do so they don’t hurt my feelings.
and see the extent of what it has done, one can only argue that the
are not allowed to wear clothes, had to live in the barn, and were overworked.
In every corner of Britain, whether it is in England, Scotland or Wales, there are many different cultures and ethnicities. And different cultures is not something new for Britain, because ever since they were invaded, first by the Romans, then by the Vikings, Britain has had a lot of influences from people from different backgrounds. Every one of these invaders has put their stamp on the Britain we know today. Romans influenced Britain by making roads and founding towns like London and York. Also the Vikings had an influence on Britain by as well as the Romans founding cities, such as Dublin and many cities in the former Danelaw (Derby, Grimsby etc.), which is now the northeastern part of England.