Introduction 1. This submission outlines DPI’s concerns in relation to the following human rights and related issues in Northern Iraq: (a) Restrictions on freedom expression (b) Torture and ill-treatment of those detained by agents of the state; (c) Discriminatory practices towards women. 2. DPI’s concerns are based upon Northern Iraq’s obligations contained in a number of international treaties and conventions signed and ratified by the Republic of Iraq, and in domestic legislation, all of which are identified during the course of this submission. Freedom of Expression 3. DPI is particularly concerned by the extent to which the legislative framework in the Kurdish Regional Government ‘KRG’ of Northern Iraq allows for violations of freedom of expression, although Article 38 of the Con¬stitution of the Republic of Iraq enshrines this important right . Article 46 allows restrictions to the right of freedom of expression to be imposed “by law or on the basis of it, and insofar as that limitation…does not violate the essence of the right or freedom”; hence creating a significant leeway for restrictions to be imposed which are not permitted by international law . 4. Iraq is a signatory to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights of 1966 (ICCPR). Article 19(2) of the ICCPR entitles “everyone the freedom of expression” including “the freedom to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds.” However, the Iraqi Criminal Code No. 111 of 1969 not only makes it illegal, but also criminalizes and unduly punishes, varieties of expression valid under the Iraqi Constitution and the ICCPR. Promoting, publicizing or commenting on certain subjects may receive punishments up to and including life imprisonment. ... ... middle of paper ... ... to go before it can claim to meet the human rights standards set out in the international human rights instruments it is a party to. Reforms are necessary at constitutional level to bring its national legislation in line with its obligations under international law. 28. Investigations must be made particularly with regard to allegations of torture and ill treatment against those who are detained as well as gender based violence perpetrated against females. Those who commit crimes should be held accountable and effective remedies should be provided to victims. Furthermore, protection for journalists should be provided as well as the general public in terms of exercising their freedom of speech. 29. DPI recommends that the KRG improves its stance in regards to freedom of expression, its treatment of those who are detained as well as its treatment towards women.
The initiation of the Syrian War was heavily influenced by the (what was supposed to be a peaceful) protest. As well as the many deaths of the Syrian citizens. These conflicts helped citizens realize all the issues that were going on at the time. There were many causes for the violence that went on during the Syrian Civil War. It can be inferred that the three main aspects that fueled the violence of the Syrian War were due to foreign influence, sectarian opposition, and conflicts between opposing groups.
Rivkin, David B., Jr., and Lee A. Casey. "The New Iraqi Constitution." The Heritage Foundation. The Heritage Foundation, 16 Sept. 2005. Web. 20 Mar. 2014.
Late May 2011, a YouTube channel by the name of ksawomen2drive posted an eight minute video. The first day it was up it became the most viewed clip in Saudi Arabia, and became so popular it started trending worldwide. Any non-Arabic viewer might have been slightly baffled by its popularity. To them it would merely be a clip of a woman in a hijab driving while talking to her passenger, and a poorly filmed clip at that. The hundreds of thousands of Arabic viewers however, saw something all together quite different. They were witnessing a crime take place, an act of dissent. The video gained over 600 000 the few days it was up, but was taken down following the arrest of the driver shown in the clip. Manal al-Sharif was that driver.
The issue of human rights has arisen only in the post-cold war whereby it was addressed by an international institution that is the United Nation. In the United Nation’s preamble stated that human rights are given to all humans and that there is equality for everyone. There will not be any sovereign states to diminish its people from taking these rights. The globalization of capitalism after the Cold War makes the issue of human rights seems admirable as there were sufferings in other parts of the world. This is because it is perceived that the western states are the champion of democracy which therefore provides a perfect body to carry out human rights activities. Such human sufferings occur in a sovereign state humanitarian intervention led by the international institution will be carried out to end the menace.
There have been many humanitarians that strive to help countries suffering with human rights abuses. People think that the help from IGOs and NGOs will be enough to stop human rights violations. However, it hasn’t been effective. Every day, more and more human rights violations happen. The problem is escalating.
Human rights have been a longstanding and important issue that the UN has been addressing since its inception. One particular country of unrest is Serbia, where history has led to some unpleasant political situations and, as a result, severe human rights issue have arisen. Serbia – landlocked between Bosnia and Herzegovina on the West and Romania on the East – is a historically complex and very new country. Serbia only became separate from Moldova and Kosovo as recently as 2006 and 2008 respectively. Constant political distress has proven difficult to maintain an appropriate human rights code without high degrees of exploitation, especially during the breakup of Yugoslavia. It is the various human rights issues in Serbia that will be examined in this paper, looking to the UN for support and to head in the right direction.
...s Watch | Defending Human Rights Worldwide. Human Rights Watch, 29 Jan. 2014. Web. 21 Mar. 2014.
Freedom of speech is an expected universal freedom. It is a legal expectation in the countries that have signed the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant for Civil and Political Rights. Both of these documents grant freedom of expression and opinion across all frontiers. However, free speech is a western ideal that is subject to restrictions explicitly stated in these documents, as well as a universal understanding that others should not infringe on someone’s safety, rights and freedoms based on the idea that it is morally wrong to do so. Charlie Hebdo, a French satirical magazine that “often targets radical Islam,” has become a case study for arguments over freedom of speech. (Sherwin, 2015).While Charlie Hebdo’s
... to the Treatment of Prisoners of War.” Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. 2002. On-line. Internet. 22 Feb. 2004. <http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu3/b/91.htm>.
Introduction Human rights are fundamental rights and freedoms that all people are entitled to regardless of nationality, gender, national or ethnic origin, religion, language, or other status. And these human rights violations are in some countries like Central African Republic, Syria, USA, Ireland, and etcetera. One example is Syria, where the people afraid live here. Therefore, article 3 of the Universal Human Rights Act is violated in Syria. This essay seeks to consider the human rights violations in Syria.
Hate speech is the advocacy of national, racial and religious hatred that constitute incitement to discrimination, hostility or violence. For hate speech to be prohibited, it should suffice a hateful expression. It’s also required the advocacy of wrongful actions against a person or a group. Freedom of expression may also be suspended or derogated in case of certain grave emergencies, which threaten the security or survival of a State. Still, in such hypotheses it’s required that the suspension be authorised by law, that is necessary, proportionate and in consonance with the requirements of a democratic
Magno, A., (2001) Human Rights in Times of Conflict: Humanitarian Intervention. Carnegie Council for Ethics in International Affairs, 2 (5). [online] Available from: http://www.carnegiecouncil.org/resources/publications/dialogue/2_05/articles/883.html> [Accessed 2 March 2011] United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Human Development Report (2000) Human Rights and Human Development (New York) p.19
The rule of law requires compliance by the state with its obligations in International law.
The role that globalization plays in spreading and promoting human rights and democracy is a subject that is capable spurring great debate. Human rights are to be seen as the standards that gives any human walking the earth regardless of any differences equal privileges. The United Nations goes a step further and defines human rights as,
The purpose of this essay is to critically discuss adherence of freedom of expression by the member states in Europe as provided for in the convention. The essay seeks to demonstrate the urgent need to comply with the convention requirement and ensure every individual covered by the convention of human rights is entailed to this protection. However, the law has been constantly manipulated and violated in a number of occasions by influential state parties such as UK so as to meet their own personal and state interests as will be demonstrated in the essay.