Essay On Human Digestive System

The human digestive system is a complex process which consists of breaking down large organic masses into smaller particles that the body can use as energy. However the breakdown of the nutrients requires the coordination of several enzymes secreted from specialized cells within the mouth, stomach, intestines, and liver. Also the major organs or structures that coordinate digestion within the human body include the mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small and large intestine, and liver.

Mouth

In the human body, the mouth (oral cavity) is a specialized organ for receiving food and breaking up large organic masses. In the mouth, food is changed mechanically by biting and chewing. Saliva is produced which begin the process of breaking down food into a form so your body can absorb and use them. In addition, the submaxillary glands, and the sublingual glands secrete saliva in the mouth. The saliva contains an enzyme called amylase, which digests starch molecules into smaller molecules of the disaccharide maltose.

Esophagus

The esophagus is a thick-walled muscular tube located behind the windpipe that

For fats, the principal enzyme is lipase. Before this enzyme can act, the large globules of fat must be broken into smaller droplets by bile. Protein digestion is accomplished by several enzymes, including two pancreatic enzymes trypsin and chymotrypsin. Peptides are broken into smaller peptides, and peptidases reduce the enzymes to amino acids. Nucleases digest nucleic acids into nucleotides in the small intestine. Most absorption in the small intestine occurs in the jejunum. The products of digestion enter cells of the villi move across the cells and enter blood vessels called capillaries. While diffusion accounts for the movement of many nutrients but active transport is responsible for the movement of glucose and amino