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Social classes victorian era
Victorian Society
Themes of the Victorian age
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Contradictions shown in Westminster Palace The carvings and sculptures on the front of Westminster Palace consist of many beautiful aspects of life, such as birds, flowers, and trees. These beauty-related carvings are contrasted by the gargoyles adorning the top of the walls (Foley 185-186). Gargoyles are ugly, vicious looking creatures viewed as a representation of evil among the church and society. The stone carvings on the facade of Westminster Palace are indicative of the contradictions present between values, morals and actions of the Victorian upper class citizens. In Victorian society, the beliefs of the people were generally strict. They had a low tolerance for crime, good social ethics, and believed in sexual repression. Any criminal who was publicly found guilty of a crime was punished harshly and looked down upon (Chesterton 3). Upper class citizens prided themselves on looking and acting like royalty. The upper classes held parties often, dressed in only the best, and spent most of their time with other members of the same class (Wagner 5-8). Though they shared these beliefs publicly, crime, poverty, and prostitution were rampant for the majority of the era (Gorman 325-326). The upper class focused on impressing other upper class members; so much that the lower classes lived in terrible conditions. They forced children to work, and men often showed little sexual restraint in their private lives. This is represented by one of the main carvings on the Westminster Palace. The Palace is decorated in and out with carvings of countless people and animals. After the building burnt down in 1834, a competition was held for a design of a new palace. Charles Barry would win (Foley, Mark). He was a well known architect in the t... ... middle of paper ... ...n was outwardly viewed as a lowly things to do, it was a large part of Victorian age culture among successful men. Charles Barry included many carvings in his design of Westminster Palace. These carvings all represent how Victorians often had contradictions between their outwardly shown values, and actual actions that took place in private life. Things such as poverty, child labor, and prostitution are represented in carvings through the building. Poverty is shown with small carvings of many people, while child labor is represented by children holding royal items, and prostitution represented through the several Lion carvings on the Palace. This was an artful, and acceptable way for Charles Barry to show some hardships of the time, which would not be so if upper class Victorians would not have contradictions between the values they preach and the actions they take.
In the Summer of 1787, fifty-five delegates representing 12 out of the 13 states in Philadelphia to fix the Articles of Confederation. They met in philadelphia because the Articles of Confederation was too weak. Shay’s rebellion was the end of the Articles of Confederation bringing down the whole network calling for a change of government. They did this to prevent a tyrant or tyranny. A tyrant/tyranny is when someone or a group abuses their power. The Constitution guarded against tyranny through Federalism, Separation of powers, Checks and Balances, and The Great Compromise.
factors that made the work look as it is today. Most sculptures were seen as symbols of politics
In 1563, in London alone over 20,000 people died of diseases.The punishments that women faced if they gossiped too much was a pillory, paraded around town, and was whipped until death. In the Elizabethan Era England was split into two classes which was upper class and lower class(Phillip Stubbles 1) . The upper class was really wealthy and royal and had a lot of power to get people
...nce of this particular castle differs from other Edwardian castles by the wall shape and use of colored stone scattered throughout the walls. Also, differing from most Edwardian castle designs, the outer towers are not round, but polygonal. Two gates allowed entrance into the castle (The King and Queen’s Gates). Each gateway was very secure and contained murder holes and arrow loops at each.
Theatres, musicals, proms concerts and films entertained the growing population. The upper classes led such a lavish life of luxury that the Edwardian era is now infamous for its elegance, ostentation, extravagance and sexual license. However despite the illusions of these secure times this epoch was full of hypocrisy, prejudice and exploitation. There was a huge divide between the upper and lower classes and the difference between the affluent lifestyle the wealthy lived compared to the downtrodden existence of the poor was remarkable.
The average workers amid the victorian time needed to dependably have any expectations of climbing in the privileged societies. Through the diligent work and assurance they would possibly climb. The source clarifies the writing that was normal amid this day and age. Amid the Victorian Age, everything was tied in with working and progressing to the following level of social class. The idea of working amid this age was extremely essential, it was one of the deciding variables in the social class structure. Upon the activity/vocation a man had, their social class was decided for them. For instance, with path he is a worker and with him having the title of cleaning specialist/hireling he is naturally put in a lower social class than whatever is left of the
of the structure itself. This class "took immense pride in their homes which they saw as a reflection of status" ("BBC Homes"). The styles were excessively ornamental and took their influence from Gothic styles, rococo, styles, the Orient, and developments from their own industrialization. With owning such ornately decorated residences they had to show them off; this was done so through dinner parties and balls. People of course could not be outmatched by the rich styles of their houses and therefore doled out large amounts of money for clothes and transportation.
The unchanged splendor of their toilettes and the opulence of their flesh signified the social status and the monetary power of their fathers, husbands, or lovers, who amassed wealth but did not exhibit it.”
Although there are no major buildings in the novel, the conch shell, Piggy’s glasses and the fire show how symbols wield different amounts and kinds of power. When each is destroyed, there is a weakening in the power one can get from them. The use of symbols is crucial to this novel, thus, William Golding helps show us that an object is so much more powerful than it may first be.
The primary function of monumental portraits in Ancient Rome was to honor political figures of power through repeating social and political themes. The Romans expressed these themes through a form of “realism”. Relics of this era were found depicting the elderly conservative nobility that lived through civil disruptions and war, elaborately individualized through detail of the face expression. Through the features of grimacing heaviness, wrinkles, and effects of old age, the Romans were able to express the reality of their political situation felt by the people whose faces were sculptured into stone. Furthermore, Nodelman discusses the use of sculpture portraits to depict the ideology behind Roman conservative aristocracy. Artists would portray the virtues of gravitas, dignities, and fides, through the use to physical expression and symbolic meaning, rather than through words. A statue of Augustus, for instance, displays the militaristic, powerful, godly perception of the conservative ideology through the use of symbolic detail. The decorative, rich, military outfit on Augustus, represents the power of the military and Augustus’s role as imperator in it. The freely held masculine arm and pointing gesture towards the horizon are Rome’s expanding dreams, clashing with the overall powerful and sturdy stance of the body. The bare feet bring about the impression
John Beckett mentions that the Glorious Revolution has been considered a historical event related to the political issues. The main target of this historical event was to create a commercial freedom in Europe. After this revolution was done, trade relations in Europe went up, and the Bill of Rights was also created in 1689. Today, the Bill of Rights is shown and known that it was the first building stone for the British constitution because it limited the monarchic power. During the eighteenth century, the period of the Age of Enlightenment is considered between 1713 and 1789 because Anthony Pagden states that Europe was like a republic of states, and it was like a union acting together and talking with one voice. The Age of Enlightenment
Notre Dame de Paris is a medieval cathedral and one of the finest examples of French Gothic architecture. It is well-known for its fascinating architecture, paintings, sculptures, furniture and the treasury. Perhaps, the most appealing and mysterious elements of this magnificent structure are gargoyles. Gargoyles are frightening grotesquely-shaped waterspouts that look down from above, watching. According to Morain “Some historians believe demonic carvings were added to churches as a kind of "sacred scarecrow" to ward off evil spirits and protect the valuables inside. Others think the gargoyles and grotesques were designed as reminders of the evil outside the church and the holy sanctuary within.” Most people visiting the cathedral of Notre-Dame de Paris think
In Victorian times, one who came from a wealthy and respectable family was considered to be a gentleman. This is clear in numerous characters in the novel, who are immediately perceived to be gentlemen as they boast a large amount of money and dress in the finest clothes. One example, Compeyson, uses this to get a reduced sentence in court, as Magwitch says ‘one, the younger, well brought up, who will be spoke to as such’. This highlights the importance of social class in the Victorian era and it is clear to see here that the justice system is very much more favourable to the higher social ranks, deciding how they would get treated and addressed, and that the punishment is not dependent on the crime, rather the individual at trial’s background and upbringing. Dickens has shown that the Victorian concept of a gentleman is all about wealth and social ranking, not the characteristics we see in a gentleman today.
I hope through this article the reader has gained a better understanding how the human race has used sculpting and statues to share the values, experiences and emotions from our rich history. From the shores of liberty, to the museums of strength, to the cities of courage and the beach towns of peace the reader can find a rich history of human values. Everyone should be encouraged to conduct their own research into other statues created and review the values that they are built to reflect and share.
The lifestyles of this wealthy class, called the nouveau riche and who emerged in 1783, were considered lavish. Though they weren’t apart of the English aristocracy, they were able to live comfortable lives like them. This new class was able to emerge because of the influx of immigration into the rapidly forming cities; people were in search of employment. As these people arrived to the newly formed cities, factory owners obtaianed a larger labor force that would work for them. Nevertheless, they would continue to pay workers fixed wages and make large profits (Manolopoulou and Eagleton 3). Despite this change of social stratification in England, the society remained patriarchal. For marriage to occur, a woman had to either bring land into marriage or pay a dowry. In addition, any land or property inherited by women had to be passed on to her husband. Furthermore, patriarchal forces were reinforced since women were still restricted to the same low-status, low-paid, and low-skilled jobs they always had. A reason for this continuity was the decrease of employment opportunities given to women during the industrial revolution (Chalus and Barker 82). The dominance of men at the end of this time period was still