Artificial Intelligence For Speech Recognition
Abstract Artificial intelligence system for speech recognition is the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer programs. Some of its applications are game playing, speech recognition, understanding natural language, computer vision, expert systems, robotics etc. It involves two basic ideas. First, it involves studying the thought processes of human beings. Second, it deals with representing those processes via machines (like computers, robots, etc.).
One of the main benefits of speech recognition system is that it lets user do other works simultaneously. The user can concentrate on observation and manual operations, and still control
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GOAL
11. CONCLUSION
12. BIBLIOGRAPHY
Artificial Intelligence For Speech Recognition
Introduction:
Artificial intelligence involves two basic ideas. First, it involves studying the thought processes of human beings. Second, it deals with representing those processes via machines (like computers, robots, etc.).
AI is behavior of a machine, which, if performed by a human being, would be called intelligent. It makes machines smarter and more useful, and is less expensive than natural intelligence.
Natural language processing (NLP) refers to artificial intelligence methods of communicating with a computer in a natural language like English. The main objective of a NLP program is to understand input and initiate action.
Definition:
It is the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer programs.
AI means Artificial Intelligence. Intelligence” however cannot be defined but AI can be described as branch of computer science dealing with the simulation of machine exhibiting intelligent behavior.
History: Work started soon after
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As for the regression coefficients, typically the first and second order coefficients are extracted at every frame period to represent the spectral dynamics.
These coefficients are derivatives of the time function of the spectral coefficients and are called the delta and delta-delta-spectral coefficients respectively.
Speech Recognition:
The user communicates with the application through the appropriate input device i.e. a microphone. The Recognizer converts the analog signal into digital signal for the speech processing. A stream of text is generated after the processing. This source-language text becomes input to the Translation Engine, which converts it to the target language text.
Salient Features:
Input Modes
Through Speech Engine
Through soft copy
Interactive Graphical User Interface
Format Retention
Fast and standard translation
Interactive Preprocessing tool
Spell
Automatic speech recognition is the most successful and accurate of these applications. It is currently making a use of a technique called “shadowing” or sometimes called “voicewriting.” Rather than have the speaker’s speech directly transcribed by the system, a hearing person whose speech is well-trained to an ASR system repeats the words being spoken.
Here, actually, speech is decomposed into parameters like acoustic features such as fundamental frequency, the shape of the waveform, aperiodic energy etc and duration features related to contextual prosody. And the text is decomposed into various linguistic information. Then Hidden Markov Model or Deep Neural Networks can be used who will learn how to predict parameters such as acoustic features and duration features from the linguistic information of text data during the training phase. [8]
Webster's Collegiate Dictionary defines intelligence as the capacity to apprehend facts and propositions, to reason about them, and the ability to understand them and their relations to each other. A. M. Turing had this definition in mind when he made his predictions and designed his test, commonly known as the Turing test. His test is, in principle, simple. A group of judges converse with different entities, some computers and some human, without knowledge of which is which. The job of the judges is to discern which entity is a computer. Judges may ask them any question they like, "Are you a computer?" excepted, and the participants may answer with anything they like, and in turn, ask questions of the judges. The concept of the test is not difficult, but creating an entity capable of passing the test with current technology is virtually impossible.
For many decades, centuries even, communication with the hearing has always been a major problem for deaf people. However, a certain invention is going to be in the process of breaking that communication barrier. It is called the MotionSavvy UNI tablet, design by a company called MotionSavvy, of which whose six-person team who came up with the idea, is deaf. The company has a deaf branch, who developed the prototype over a year ago. The founders of this new technology consist of Ryan Hait-Campbell, Wade Kellard, Jordan Stemper and Alex Opalka. This tablet has the ability to visually identify American Sign Language and convert it to readable text. It can also identify speech and
Simultaneous communication, also known as Sim-com is a form of communication process that utilizes both signs and sound. Quite often Sim-com has been referred to as a sign supported speech; these signs are usually in English in order to ensure that there is fluency in the language. In this, it is noted that some other non-verbal cues like the use of finger spelling and visual aids which rhyme to the spoken language can be used. Simultaneous communication has always been known to be a form of communication that is intended to help people who have hearing problems (deaf) understand what is being said. In this, it is realized that over the years, Sim-com has been able to utilize other systems of communication like seeing essential English. Sim-com has proven its advantageous use in both the deaf and hearing people because it presents both the spoken language and also the non-verbal. Simultaneous language is not only used by the deaf, but also used when communicating with students at the preschool level. This is important because these children tend not to understand verbal communication fully (Beginnings, 2014).
Artificial Intelligence is intelligence which is exhibited by machines. A.I. simply refers to making computers act more intelligently.
Imagine asking your computer to do something in the same way you would ask a friend to do it. Without having to memorize special commands that only it could understand. For computer scientists this has been an ambitious goal; that can further simplify computers. Artificial Intelligence, a system that can mimic human intelligence by performing task that usually only a human can do, usually has to use a form of natural language processing. Natural language processing, a sub-field of computer science and artificial intelligence, concerns the successfully interaction between a computer and a human. Currently one of the best examples of A.I.(Artificial Intelligence) is IBM 's Watson. A machine that gained popularity after appearing on the show
...speaker and the listener. The student can store often used responses, and prepare anticipated answers prior to situations where he will be meeting with those less familiar with his speech capabilities. By implementing this type of device, the student has become more confident and can communicate appropriately for a student his age. In this instance, the integration of technology into the learning environment may make a difference as to whether the student is employable or overlooked due to the inability to communicate well on the job.
In order to see how artificial intelligence plays a role on today’s society, I believe it is important to dispel any misconceptions about what artificial intelligence is. Artificial intelligence has been defined many different ways, but the commonality between all of them is that artificial intelligence theory and development of computer systems that are able to perform tasks that would normally require a human intelligence such as decision making, visual recognition, or speech recognition. However, human intelligence is a very ambiguous term. I believe there are three main attributes an artificial intelligence system has that makes it representative of human intelligence (Source 1). The first is problem solving, the ability to look ahead several steps in the decision making process and being able to choose the best solution (Source 1). The second is the representation of knowledge (Source 1). While knowledge is usually gained through experience or education, intelligent agents could very well possibly have a different form of knowledge. Access to the internet, the la...
Neuro Linguistic Programming (NLP) was developed in the 1970s by a linguist John Grinder and by a mathematician Richard Bandler. Neuro Linguistic Programming (NLP) is a therapy that deals with one’s perceptions of the world by their experiences, beliefs, values, assumptions, and sensory systems. NLP was developed by studying and examining the modeling pattern of human internal and external behaviors of the world. According to NLP website, “NLP investigates the inner functions of the human mind: how we think, how we develop our desires, goals and fears and how we motivate ourselves, make connections, and give meaning to our experiences” (NLP Comprehensive, 2013). NLP entails various collections of psychological practices that target to improve peoples’ lives. Mainly, it is a therapy of motivating the conscious mind by acting upon the unconscious mind; the experience is subjective to the person.
middle of paper ... ... It has been suggested by (Hura2008, Barker & Lamont 1994 )that GUI will not stop at this level of development. Designers try to improve the GUI performance by using language. That means they may find a new way to communicate with users and applications through speech-bedside user interfaces.
Jurafsky, D. & Martin, J. H. (2009), Speech and Language Processing: International Version: an Introduction to Natural Language Processing, Computational Linguistics, and Speech Recognition, 2nd ed, Pearson Education Inc, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.
It is a type of artificial intelligence program that imitated the analytical skills and understanding of human experts. By 1985, the artificial intelligence market had come up to one billion dollars; moreover, around the same time, Japan’s fifth generation computer project motivated the British and American government to bring back funding for artificial intelligence. Unfortunately, the artificial intelligence market fell back into disrepute which started with the fall of the Lisp Machine market. Additionally, this was a much longer “AI winter”. Soon, in the late 1900s and in the beginning of the 21st century, artificial intelligence was starting to be utilized for data mining, medical diagnosis, and in other areas as well as logistics. All this success was because of the increasing computational power, new relationships between other fields and artificial intelligence, higher significance on answering specific issues, and a commitment by researchers to scientific standards as well as mathematical methods. For example, on May 11th, 1997, Deep Blue (an IBM computer) was the first computer that played chess and it beat the ruling world chess champion at that time, Garry Kasparov. This was the beginning of an amazing discovery, artificial intelligence. Faster computers, able to obtain huge amounts of information, and statistical and advanced methods allowed progress in perception and machine learning. By the midyear of 2010, machine learning programs were utilized in the entire world. For example, Watson (IBM’s question answering system) beat Ken Jennings and Brad Rutter, the two greatest champions of Jeopardy, in a Jeopardy exhibition match by huge amounts. Another example is of the Kinect. It gives a 3D body-motion interface for the Xbox One and the Xbox 360 using algorithms that surfaced from long artificial research. Soon, 2015 came. According to
Artificial intelligence is defined as developing computer programs to solve complex problems by applications of processes that are analogous to human reasoning processes. Roughly speaking, a computer is intelligent
Artificial intelligence is an idea of if the human thought process can be mechanized. It was around the 1940’s – 50’s that a group of people came together to discuss the possibility of creating an artificial brain and its uses. These people were a variety of scientists from different fields such as mathematics, economics, engineering, and etc. This was the birth of the field of artificial intelligence. While artificial intelligence would prove to be technologically revolutionary by introducing new ideas such as quantum computers or robots, said new ideas could result in the downfall of mankind. The result could range to being the plummet of the economy, the end of the human race, or even the corruption of the next generation and onwards. All of these problems resulting in the possibility of the end of the earth. The more we need to learn more about technology and further advance it, the closer we are getting to the extinction of the human race. These are the reasons why the advancement of artificial intelligent should be halted or banned so no harm can be done even without the intentions.