Erik Erickson has devised a theory of psychosocial development. It explains the impact of social experience throughout a life time. The first stage is infancy. This occurs between birth and the ages of 1, is called trust versus mistrust. This is the most fundamental stage in life. A baby during this time is completely dependent on its care takers. It needs food, love, and nourishment. If the baby is not given those things during this particular time it is not going to have trust in the adults in its life. While no child can have one hundred percent trust or one hundred percent distrust there can be balance. When this occurs, hope in the baby can be achieved. The second stage is early childhood. At this stage the child is starting to become …show more content…
a little more independent and can perform basic actions. A child in this stage has to learn how to do things such as be potty trained and make food choices. If this is successful the child feels good about them selves and confident, if not the child feels inadequate.
A conflict that occurs during this stage is autonomy vs. shame and doubt. The third stage is the play age. The conflict in this stage is initiative vs. guilt. In this stage children start exploring and attempt to take control of the environment, if they do well in this environment they feel a sense of purpose, if not they feel guilt. The fourth stage is the school age. The conflict here is industry vs. inferiority here children start going to school and have to deal with attempting to be successful socially and academically. The fifth stage is adolescence. The conflict here is identify vs. role confusion. A conflict that characterizes adolescence is social relationships. Also, sexual identity is a conflict in this stage. Humans during this age need to develop a sense of identity. If they do then they stay true to themselves. If not they have a weak sense of self. The sixth stage is Young adulthood. The conflict here is Intimacy vs. Isolation. An important event here is relationships building. Young adults need to have loving and positive relationships. Success in this leads to good relationships. Failure causes isolation. The seventh stage is Middle
Adulthood. Here the conflict is Generativity vs. Stagnation. Here work and parent hood is important. Here adults need to create positive change that benefits other people. Success in this makes you feel accomplished while failure results in feeling little involvement with the world. The eighth stage is maturity. Here the conflict is Integrity vs. despair. An important event in this stage is reflection on life. Success in this stage leads to feeling wise, while failure results in despair and regret.
Mistrust stage occurs at infancy and at this stage, Infants learn to trust others depending on the response of their caregivers who are usually parents. The Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt occurs between the ages of 18 months and three during which time children begin to emphasize their independence. This is done by exploring the world around them. Erikson, E. H. (1993). The Initiative vs. Guilt stage generally, occurs between the age three and five and at this time children assert themselves more frequently and are particularly lively. Industry versus inferiority stage occurs between the ages of five and twelve. As children grow in independence, they become increasingly aware of themselves as individuals. Erikson, E. H. (1993). The identity vs. role confusion stage, occurs during adolescence, between the ages of 12 and 18 years. At this stage the adolescents undergo an identity crisis during which they must establish an identity, goals, and a purpose. Erikson, E. H. (1994). The Intimacy vs. Isolation stage occurs in young adulthood ages 18 to 40 years. During this time the young adult begins to share themselves more intimately with others and explores significant relationships with others especially in marriage. The seventh stage is Generativity vs. Stagnation and occurs during middle adulthood, ages 40 to 65 yrs. This is the stage of development during which most people have children and provide guidance or a legacy to the next generation and in so doing
The movie Forrest Gump, based on Winston Groom’s novel, is set during the 1950s in Greenbow, Alabama. Historical events serve as backdrops for the story of a man who has no other desire than to be positive and live the best life he can. We first meet Forrest when he is sitting alone at a bus stop when another woman comes and sits down next to him. Without any hesitation, Forrest begins to tell her his story, one that will undoubtedly give us insight into to what shaped his personality. Here he says an iconic line that demonstrates that he is ready for anything. He explains that “[his] momma always said: ‘life was like a box of chocolates. You never know what you’re gonna get.” In this paper, I aim to use Erickson’s eight stages of development, Bowlby’s adult
grew up in Europe and spent his young adult life under the direction of Freud. In 1933
The First stage in Erickson’s theory is trust vs. mistrust, this stage occurs during infancy, from birth to one years old. This stage is all about trust, it is the stage where you hopefully begin to trust not only yourself but others as well (Crandell and Crandell p. 36). An infant gains trust in infancy because they can not do anything for themselves, they depend on others to do everything for them therefore in this stage they develop trust in others, their caregivers, that they will do all that they can to take care of their well-being. Developing trust in infancy is crucial because this makes the individual grow up feeling safe and secure in the world. A positive outcome of an infant developing trust is that they grow up feeling safe in the world, a negative outcome would be that the individual grows up in fear of the world. There is no way to develop one hundred percent trust or one hundred percent doubt, Erikson believed that the best way to come out of this stage is with a balanc...
Erik Erikson developed eight psychosocial stages that occur through life. These stages help parents of younger children understand what the child is thinking and why they are acting the way that they do. For a person to become a well-rounded adult they need to succeed in each level. This essay will discuss the first six stages into young adulthood.
During infancy, the basic conflict is trust versus mistrust, which is connected to feeding and forming attachment to one’s parent. This stage lasts only one year. From ages one to three, children will face an autonomy versus shame conflict, which may involve actions as basic as toilet training. The next stage, play age, spans from ages three to six. This stage introduces the challenge of initiative verses inferiority and will test a child’s competency in performing school tasks. Adolescence, the next stage, lasts from ages 12 through 19 and involves an individual’s ability to connect and interact with his peers. During ages 20-25, an individual enters early adulthood; the basic confrontation or “crisis” during this time will concern love relations. Adulthood follows this period and spans the longest amount of time, lasting from age 26
The first stage in Erikson’s psychosocial theory is the Trust vs. Mistrust stage. This stage is from birth to about one year of age. This is the time when an infant child learns to depend on another for affection, comfort, and nutrition eventually learning to blindly trust the primary caregivers to provide these things (Cooper, 1998). When the infants needs are met, then the infant develops a specific attachment with their caregiver, if the outcome is negative then the infant learns to mistrust the people around them and the environment that they are in. This brings us to the next stage in psychosocial
The first stage of Erikson’s theory occurs in infancy, which occurs roughly from birth to 18 months. Infancy is an important stage according to Erikson’s theory. In this stage, the individual learns how to trust other individuals. If all the individual’s needs are met in this stage...
Erik Erickson’s eight stages of psychosocial development is argumentatively one of the best theories to explain how human beings should healthily develop from infancy to late adulthood. Every stage of the theory must be successfully completed for optimal human personality growth. Stages that are not successful completed may result in reoccurring problems throughout one’s lifespan. Every stage is broken down by a psychosocial crisis, each with a conflicting matter that must be resolved. If the person fails to resolve this conflict, they will carry the negative trait into every remaining stage of life. Furthermore, if the person successfully resolves the conflict, they will carry the positive trait into every remaining
“According to Erikson’s theory, every person must pass through a series of eight interrelated stages over the entire life cycle.” (“Erikson’s stages of development,” 2016). An example would be basic trust and mistrust. This stage is from birth up to a year old. A baby develops trust when being held, fed, or simply being touched. If the baby does not develop trust it will result in the baby having insecurity and mistrust. Another example would be identity vs role confusion, this stage is during adolescence. During this age adolescents begin to discover their identity, those who do not begin to try to be like others which is also known as “fitting
According to Saul McLeod (2008), in his article, Erik Erikson, he states, “Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development has eight distinct stages, taking in five stages up to the age of 18 years and three further stages beyond, well into adulthood. Erikson suggests that there is still plenty of room for continued growth and development throughout one’s life” (Paragraph 7). Erikson developed his theory of their being eight different psychosocial stages that a human being will encounter during their life. The eight states are: First, Trust vs. Mistrust. The first stage, Trust vs. Mistrust, occurs from approximately birth to one year. Erikson defined trust as an essential trustfulness of others as well as a fundamental sense of one's own trustworthiness. He thought that an infant who gets fed when he is hungry and comforted when he needs comforting will develop trust. He also said that some mistrust is necessary to learn to discriminate between honest and dishonest persons. If mistrust wins over trust in this stage, the child will be frustrated, withdrawn, suspicious, and will lack
The fifth stage, according to Erik Erikson psychoanalytic theory of development is the Identity Vs Identity confusion. The stage occurs during adolescence in the ages between 12 to 18 years. At this stage, the adolescents try to find a sense of personal and self-identity by intensely exploring their personal goals, beliefs, and values (McLeod, 2017). Notably, the adolescence is between childhood and adulthood. Thus, their mind is between the morality learned during childhood and the ethics they are trying to develop into adulthood. The transitioning from childhood to adulthood is the most important development for a person because the individual is becoming independent and is focusing on the future regarding career, relationships, families
Erikson’s theory has eight stages of development and a corresponding age range for each stage. The first stage is known as trust versus mistrust, which occurs from birth to a child’s first year, during this stage the infant learns that he o...
Erik Erickson (1902-1994), is a well-known German psychoanalyst that based his theory of psychosocial development on the premise that cognitive and social development occur hand in hand and cannot be separated (Morrison, 2007, p. 125). Erickson also strived to explain personality growth by describing how human beings respond to potential conflicts at specific periods in their lives (Giorgis and Glazer, 2009, p. 171). He described and explained his eight stages of psychological development, in which the first four of the stages relates to early childhood children.
During this stage adolescents develop a better understanding of self and belonging or they face identity crisis and role confusion. During this stage in my life I felt that I was rebelling and doing things that were not age appropriate. I did not respect authority and thought it was ok to do what I wanted to do. Even though I was a young teenager I did not think of myself that way. I thought of myself more like an adult. Through my negative experiences in this stage I suffered identity crisis and role