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Economy and policy developments in the Republic of Ireland
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Over the last several years, Ireland has experienced a dramatic change in employment. A quick study of the latest CSO “Employment and Unemployment” survey shows where jobs have been lost and gained, by sector of employment. Some sectors have seen job losses in the hundreds of thousands while other sectors have been slowly growing. The period from April 2007 to April 2013, there has been a loss of 266,000 jobs (CSO, 2013). The study suggests that the loss of jobs was greatest in the Construction and Industry sectors. While gains occurred in the Education, Information and Communications, and Human Health and Social Work sectors. These changes show that the tasks associated with low, skill and education are on the decline. The jobs that need a higher education level are on the rise (National Skills Bulletin, 2013, 28). Due to this trend, subsidies in the Education sector should be increased to train and better equip the workforce. It would be of a great benefit to the entire economy, as an increase in education may attract more business to Ireland. It would also make the workforce more adaptable to change, giving people stability in their lives.
Government subsidisation in Ireland appears to cover every sector from small farms to large multinational companies. The government subsidises in many forms, such as tax relief, single payments, grants, ect. These subsidies helped attract large multinational companies, maintained profitability for farmers and provided capital for start-up companies. However, tax relief and grants are not enough. Every year businesses are finding it harder to fill specialised roles within their companies. Virtually all the skill shortages listed in the National Skills Bulletin 2013 are specialised and only ob...
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...ta from the National Skills Bulletin 2013, and the CSO “Employment and Unemployment” survey, change can be clearly seen. Only jobs and careers that need a third level education are on the rise. No longer applicable to the Irish workforce “Don’t forget your shovel if you want to go to work” (Christy Moore, 1987). The vast change in the Irish labour markets over the last decade has broken up the Irish workforce. Many have adapted however, there is many people are falling behind. Deemed uneducated, unskilled and unsuitable for the workforce. Becoming unemployed due to changes beyond their control. Ireland subsidises many businesses. However, it not enough, with skill shortages in many areas, preventing companies from investing in Ireland. Retraining and re-educating the workforce by increasing subsidies to the Education sector will have benefits throughout the economy.
"It's clear that a college degree long ago supplanted the highschool diploma as a minimum qualification for entry into the skill level market, and there is abundant evidence that people with a college degree earn more money than people without one" (Delbanco 506). In our economical system the presence of education is not only relevant but pertanent to being able to navigate through the systems put in place. It is hard enough for individual who do have some form of formal education to obtain employment because of the increasing competition in the job markets, let alone for a person who does not have any formal education. In the system that is in place, a person without a college degree is equivalent to the square peg in a round hole. The obtainment of a degree usually determines the difference between the individual's path to a job or a career. Certain
If more people went to college, and less went the vocational route, jobs will take a momentous hit. Today, companies will not even touch an application that does not include a Bachelor’s Degree; even if the Bachelor’s Degree has nothing to do with the job being applied for. Attention is not given to whether the hopeful applicant qualifies for the job; all that matters is that the applicant has a Bachelor’s degree. Murray best sums up the American job market when he says, “Employers do not value what the student learned, just that the student has a degree” (Murray). However, if less people obtain a Bachelor’s Degree, employers will be forced to base applicants on their skills, and abilities. Furthermore, important vocational jobs that lie vacant will be filled. Good electricians, carpenters, and construction workers will always be in
Over the past few decades, factors such as globalization, de-regulation, credentialism, and technological progress have brought momentous transformations to the economies of the world. Wealth imbalance between countries has contracted, while income inequality within countries has expanded. The demand for highly skilled workers has increased, and so have the salaries for the most successful individuals in society. Less educated people, however, have fared relatively worse. This is quickly attracting the attention of governments of many countries, including Canada.
Berggren, Caroline. "The Influence of Higher Education Institutions on Labor Market Outcomes." European Education 42.1 (2010): 61-75. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 9 Mar. 2011.
E4Project. (2007): Education for Employment Project. Teaching and Learning in Further and Higher Education. A Handbook by the Education for Employment Project.
by working for others, being unable to find a job is a serious problem. Because
Within today’s society many of the jobs today require a much greater element of skill, where as in previous years those who didn’t fare well in education could find an unskilled labour job, these jobs are no longer available, which puts greater pressure on the educational system to ensure these people attain a certain level of qualification in order to seek employment. (REF, needs
There are a multitudinous number of both economic and social difficulties associated with unemployment. One fundamental reason why the government particularly stresses on reducing unemployment levels is as a result it poses a great cost on the economy. Not only does it affect the economy, but also it poses a great threat towards the living standards of the unemployed people itself. This could lead to many receiving less or no income based on whether or not they receive unemployment welfare benefits from the government. Reduction in income, would lead to a less disposable inc...
Since the turn of the millennium Ireland witnessed unprecedented growth, in stark contrast to the economic hardship of the 1900’s. Ireland became one of the most prosperous countries in Europe during the 2000’s. Times were good for Ireland as unemployment was low, growth and GDP was growing year on year and inflation was constant. In 2008, all this was to change and Ireland witnessed the worst recession in its history. The banking crisis, the construction sector and poor regulation were the major contributors in the Irish recession. A fiscal crisis erupted, NAMA (National Assets Management Agency) was established to secure bad loans in banks, and a EU/IMF bailout was agreed which burdened Irish taxpayers. I will explore the causes and consequences of the crisis in this essay.
...quired in relation to the skills available leading to the reduction of income inequalities and social cohesion compared with to rival economy’s such as China and India (Teaching and Learning Research Program, 2008.) The idea that a successful knowledge/skill based economy is the dependent of significant proportion of the work-force being in possession of a university level degree or the equivalent as well as higher access to opportunities within the Lifelong Learning sector, participation numbers have to rise to reflect this being beneficial for both individuals and society as a whole.
Analysis of the labor market in the economy reveals a reduction in vacancies while the number of job seekers significantly increases over the past few decades (Dickerson, 2008, p.1). Particularly, the youth employment looks worrying with a serious downward trend with so many of them unemployed. The numbers of free people who are full educated or trained have also decreased. The unemployed in the economy are either inactive or unemployed. The annual changes continue to show a rise in unemployment of young people both for student and others. With lack of government employment as well as training programs, many individuals opt to seek for self-employment (Dickerson, 2008, p.1). Statistic continues to show that there has been an increase of workless people in comparison to the vacancies available. The general picture, therefore, remains that labor market constantly fails to meet the needs of people regarding employment. Although this is the case, there has been some variation across regions with Scotland and Wales in the UK showing decreased performance. There remains a risk that employment will increase in the coming years. The present concern is long-term unemployment, specifically with regards to the youths who are most disadvantaged in the labor market (Dickerson, 2008, p.1).
Within this essay the National Training Intervention Modern Apprenticeships will be closely analysed as well as the implications this has on skills in the UK. Skills can be considered as capabilities and expertise required to carry out an occupation and are often equated with ability to perform a predefined level of competence. The type of skills that will be analysed are; basic, transferable, and vocational. Skills are important to both the Government and employer as there is a link between productivity and economic competitiveness. Human Resource Management is defined as the management of people and although may not seem it but is related to apprenticeships as an apprentice would receive the exact same treatment as an employee, for example,
O’Sullivan’s (2006) argues that the Employability Paradigm which emerged in the 1970’s served to distinguish a group of students who were not achieving the standard needed to guarantee employment. Employability is the assessment of those with the lowest chance of success in an economically motivated nation. It posits that intervention is necessary to prevent those individuals who have failed within the system from being dependent on social welfare and subsequently from being socially excluded (O’Sullivan 2006). In the early 1970’s, Ireland’s entry into the European economy and the changing employment market combined to connect education attainment to employability. As a result, educational credentials became the accepted way of assessing ability and this served to focus attention on those leaving school early with little or no qualifications. O’Sullivan argues that while the policy of the state, on the surface, seemed to support equal opportunity with the provision of free access to secondary education, the reality for most working class students was far from equitable. There were limited interventions available for those who needed help to develop the skills needed to benefit from access to secondary education and these students became disenfranchised. The disc...
Back in the late 20th century United Kingdom faced the most rapid higher education growth which supplied a high number of skilled workers for the national labour market. Unfortunately, growing number of graduates made the economy suffer from the overqualified workforce. This abnormality caused the over-education of labour market since bigger number of population currently holds the graduate degree if compared to those who have high school degree (Coughlan, 2014). McGuinness (2006) described over-education as “the extent to which an individual possesses a level of education in excess of that which is required for their particular job”. However, Mertens (2003) analysed various analysis and supported the statement that over-education should be treated as short term phenomenon which is likely to restore in time. Likewise, Caroleo and Pastore (2013) added that this restoration is only likely if certain persistent and derogative problems do not occur. In other words, it means that over-education is short term phenomenon only when overeducated person keeps refining his/hers
Australia, a country with total population of approximately 23,456,977 people (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2014) have shown to have an improving economy as the unemployment rate has fallen to 5.8% in March 2014. However, the number of full-time employment decreases by 22,100 whereas part-time employment increases by 48,200 (Australian Associated Press 2014). According to Denise Bradley review, he suggested funding an extra 330,000 graduates by 2020 to meet 40% population for tightening and strengthen the quality control of the future workforce (Slattery, L 2008). According to PC report, early school leavers are most likely to receive a lower pay compared to those of higher education level (McLachlan, R, Gilfillan, G & Gordan, J 2013). Based on that statement, the present research analysis was conducted to investigate whether is there any factual indication that there is a positive relationship between the level of education and the amount of wages earned.