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The role of government in the economy
Income inequality abstract
Inequality of income distribution in American society
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Over the past few decades, factors such as globalization, de-regulation, credentialism, and technological progress have brought momentous transformations to the economies of the world. Wealth imbalance between countries has contracted, while income inequality within countries has expanded. The demand for highly skilled workers has increased, and so have the salaries for the most successful individuals in society. Less educated people, however, have fared relatively worse. This is quickly attracting the attention of governments of many countries, including Canada.
The radical leftists are quick to deem this gap a malevolent injustice and have vowed to eliminate it. But is wealth inequality something that we should trust the government to eradicate? Even further, is wealth inequality itself something we want to eradicate? What people need to understand more than ever, is that income inequality is inevitable in a capitalistic free market. Income inequality is not a cause of social unrest, nor a dictation of disproportional living standards, but a positive reflection of a functioning economy, and a powerful instrument in increasing productivity and prosperity. The government has repeatedly proven itself incapable of making effective policies when it comes to running the economy, and when it comes to income inequality, the government should have absolutely no involvement whatsoever.
Since most of us are accustomed to the democratic concept of equality, it is common to relate income inequality to social inequality. To truly comprehend the issue of income inequality, one must first objectively separate the two ideas. A capitalistic democracy is a double-standard system (Okun). Such a system pursues an egalitarian political and social ...
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...a market economy. This however, has been proven ineffective in countries such as Venezuela, which has ended most foreign trade and investment and built a state-owned economy. (Saunders) The gap between the rich and the poor only increased more, and the living conditions of the poor have deteriorated severely due to the significant inflation in prices. Attempts at the other extreme have been futile as well. Colombia, operating under a very free-market, right-wing government, has seen its GC rise to 0.56 and its poverty rate soaring as high as 45.5% (IMF).
The happy middle is perhaps, capitalism, in which income inequality will always exist. The best solution is to leave the economy alone and let it run its own course. Without government intervention, the free market will eventually create prosperity and fortune for everyone—although that fortune may not be equal.
Income inequality not only harms us fiscally, but also affects our mental and physical wellbeing; therefore, it is important to identify the right ways to control wealth distribution among people.
In recent times, income inequality has been a major issue in Canada that has affected other sectors of the economy. Recent research has shown that Canada’s income equality has risen over the past 30 years with no significant improvement over time. Also, evidence that has shown that 20% of the families in the top income scale has 70% of the wealth of Canada since 1998. Although the mid class income earners has been quite slow in the performance even if they recorded a gain of about 14%, the average
The rich will stay rich or become richer as they benefit from certain situations. The poor will not always benefit from the same situations as the rich and actually may suffer making inequality just to benefit the least well off. The goal for permitting inequalities of wealth would be to improve the poor and only to permit inequalities if it was helpful to the poor. According to the fourth lecture, “Liberals will say if permitting inequalities in wealth and income brings up the level of well being of the poorest of the poor, then the inequality is permissible. Then that’s a kind inequality that’s to everyone’s benefit to those doing better, but the inequality is the benefit of the least well off in society because in the scenario the poorest of the poor do better.” The reason behind that is the rich will always be okay in their wealth and class, but the poor may not always be as lucky so it essential to create a benefit for the poorest of people because if the poor succeed and do better, than everyone is doing
In my findings I have to agree with you as well, the richer are becoming richer and the poorer are becoming poorer. The middle class is disappearing so it seams but maybe there is some hope. "Income inequality has been rising since the early 1980's, and the median household is now lower than it was in 1999" (Cowen, 2016). But that also has a lot to do with China's manufacturing impact holding down American middle class wages. Yes, the cheaper imported items helped our pay checks stretch a bit further but they also robbed us of jobs or some suffered lower wages as a consequence. It's looking as though better times are ahead with wage hikes in China and other emerging nations therefore limiting their advantage putting it back in our
If economic growth is strong enough—enlarging the pie by a sufficient amount—then even though the slices going to the poor and the middle class are comparatively skinnier, they still end up with more pie. The mistake that decriers of inequality make is to assume that the economic pie is fixed, so that a bigger slice for the top must necessarily result in less pie for everyone else. In fact, the evidence from economic research over the past 15 years is that in developed countries, more inequality tends to go hand in hand with stronger economic growth.
Most believe in order to end poverty the issue of inequality must be handled as well. But many other social and political issues must to solve in order to fix inequality. Many people don’t understand that even the wealthiest countries’ poor live in poverty worse than the developing countries. The United States is known as the land of opportunity, but currently is one of the worst places in the world to escape poverty. “Interestingly, the US and UK are the biggest proponents of neoliberal economic ideology, which has often played down concerns about inequality and instead focused more on raising the lot for everyone” (Shah). The middle class of the United States has slowly diminished. “The US for a long time has had the largest gap and inequality between rich and the poor compared to all the other industrialized nations” (Shah). To end inequality there must be an increase in job opportunities and education which will reduce the income difference
The Inequality gap is even greater in terms of wealth, rather than income, may be widening faster, too. A new paper from a “Emmanuel Saez, and Gabriel Zucman” states
So the goal isn't to eliminate inequality; the goal is to give every citizen the right to opportunity, while pushing low unemployment and stabilize inflation. Only in capitalist societies do we see the poor living proportionally better than then the poor in places with non capitalistic economies. In the long run, I believe in the free market has the ability to lift people from poverty with minimum government intervention. However, there will always be some need for intervention whether to provide services that the market will not provide, or create institutions to check the power of
The article explains that income disparity is among the current challenges affecting most developed and developing nations. The article explains the importance of the legislators and economists to concentrate on improving incomes of the lower class and middle class social classes. Research conducted in by these authors reveals that income disparities affect economic growth and sustainability. Increase in income for the bottom category of income distribution has a positive influence on the GDP of America. However a similar increase to the 20% of the highest earners results to drop in GDP if the 80% low earners” income drops. This therefore means that income disparity has severe consequences in economic growth. The research therefore concludes that income disparity is an evil that must be tackled appropriately.
In a 2015 study, economists found that if the rich continue to accumulate wealth at the rate they have been, 1% of Earth’s population would come to own about 50% of the world’s wealth by 2016. We also have income inequality in North America, due to discrimination against race and gender, along with other issues. In fact, the Canadian average gender wage gap is about twice the global average. There is also a visible divide in income between white Canadians and people of colour. This divide stems from an imbalanced distribution of good pay and stable jobs -these being mainly occupied by Canadians of European descent, while racialized Canadians tend to be over-represented in insecure, low-paying jobs, mainly in the labour market and service industry. Looking at this information, it seems the gaping rift involving the rich and the poor can be associated with differences in culture, identity and social status between the two groups. In order for society to progress beyond our many differences, we must continue to repair these rifts between various social collectives created by the patriarchal, ethnocentric, greed-driven morals which have been largely expanded and globalized throughout
In summary, income inequality has increased in recent decades in most countries in the world by many reasons, and these reasons have very complex interconnection with each other. In this paper, only three causes, which related to the globalization and technological changes is taken in to account. Similarly, there are many channels that governments can apply in order to reduce income inequality problem, among those, fiscal policies, including tax policies and social welfare, education are the primary tools for addressing income inquality.
This can be seen in the research conducted by the International Monetary Fund or the IMF. This research was done by Joseph Stiglitz, a Keynesian economist and Nobel Prize recipient. The research was published by Jonathan Ostry, the deputy head of the IMF's research department, and the economists Andrew Berg and Charalambos Tsangarides. The findings dismisses right wing argument that redistributing incomes is self-defeating.The IMF dismay rightwing politicians who argue that overcoming inequality robs the rich of incentives to invest and the poor of incentives to work and is counter-productive. There are several rebuttals used for arguing against the existence of income inequality. Another argument is that globalization is making it happen everywhere but John Oliver, who is previously quoted states “it is a divide that it is happening everywhere due to Globalization, which is true but as far as that is happening it is happening at a faster rate here than over in other places.” Also the idea of the wealth gap and it’s move to perfection but also according to Oliver “ No one is arguing for perfection, we are not going to live in a world where we think all Baldwin’s are talented.” There is Doug and than everyone else. Thus showing the research is failing to show any support for those who support the “non-existent” wealth gap. In the end Income inequality has been proven to be detrimental at
Looking closely at any economy and trying to determine what makes its grow or decline you will more than likely find that the amount of disposable income is a critical factor. Other factors may include the nature of political landscape in the area, level of technological advancements, and natural resources. (Suisse, 2013). The first thing that comes to mind when thinking of income inequality is the unequal distribution of earnings among individuals. This research paper will look into what factors lead to income inequality in the American economy and identify whether or it may be a cause for market failure. In addition, this paper will identify the nature, scope and severity of market failure caused by this issue. Furthermore, research
Income equality refers to when income is distributed unevenly within a countries population. Equality is the state of being equal, especially in status, rights and opportunities. Much like fairness, it is a crucial part of any society throughout the world. Unfortunately, we are seeing less and less of it as the years pass. One of the growing and most talked about issues of the last 30 years has been that of income disparity. In fact, it has become so pronounced that America’s top percent now average nearly nine times as much income as the bottom ninety percent (Estelle Sommeiller). If you have ever heard the phrase “The rich get richer, and the poor get poorer”, this is where it comes from.
Economic equality is the distribution of income and wealth on the basis of inequality. The distribution of wealth is how assets such as income, land, stocks, and other investments from both the richest and poorest of society today. Income is only what is per year. To become successful and rich you have to build up the wealth but with that being said, it is hard to do it while having a low income each year with a huge family. Income all contains from the job you have you need to have a high paying job yearly if you want to build from that. Some individual’s wealth is passed down from families while others have to work for what they want and if they want to become successful. Building is the key to success in this case. Upper classes are the