Emotional Labor

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Emotional labor is controlling emotions and its display bodily and facially to be more appropriate and suitable for organizational and professional rules. The term of emotional labor was first introduced in a research about airline industry conducted by Arlie Russell Hochschild an American sociologist, the research found this process happens as a consequence for three main factors; job requires face to face or voice to voice interaction with a client or a customer, the employee is doing his job under supervision, the job task is aimed to affect others emotions. (Jeung et al.,2018; Choi and Kim, 2015; Kogovsek et al.,2014;Ye et al.,2015). There is a marked increase in organizations and professions which demand a set of typical emotions to be …show more content…

This is extremely different from organizations perspective which sees emotion as a factor affecting work quality. (Choi and Kim, 2015). Emotions experienced by employee from inside and outside working place can affect the employee’s attitude during working with customers therefore the emotional health and regulation became a recent concern for working organizations. (Modekurti-Mahato et al.,2014). Since emotional regulation is associated with task effectiveness and organizational expectations, it has been more required in jobs with constant human interactions. Emotional labor can happen in two forms; surface acting and deep acting. Surface acting is to perform expected emotions not truly felt by the individual; deep acting requires self regulation for inner feelings and thoughts to stimulate the desired emotion to appear therefore it is associated with increased customer satisfaction and positive service evaluation. (Kogovsek et al.,2014). Emotional labor has been identified as a job stressor for employees who are demanded to suppress their emotions as a must to act more …show more content…

It is mainly focused on providing high quality of care and support for patients and their families, despite the real emotions experienced by the nurses, thus increasing their liability to undergo emotional labor, however, the risk to go through emotional labor can be reduced if the nurse got a positive feedback or appreciation from patients. (Badolamenti et al.,2017;Vilelas et al.,2014).
Teachers have to interact not only with the students but also with parents and colleagues, their professional and personal life should impact the students behavior positively, for this reason it is essential for teachers to know how to regulate their emotions and avoid going through stressful emotional labor maneuver while dealing with students misbehavior. (Ye et al.,2015; Wrobel, 2013). Workers in hospitality and tourism industry have more frequent interactions with customers and their job effectiveness depends on customer satisfaction. Tour guides aim to impress their customers by displaying specific emotions through touristic tours, and they have to deal with customers complaints and problems patiently as an essential part of their job. This emotional acting can cause exhaustion for workers as a sort of emotional labor. (Yim,

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