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Recommended: Ebola thesis
Many people believe Ebola is not an actual threat to the United States. However, we are at as great of risk as anyone in the world and America may just now be starting to notice that. Although Ebola was first discovered in the late 1970s’, it has slowly progressed its way into our current society causing the need for research to help find a preventative method to keep it from spreading anymore and causing a worldwide epidemic.
There are three different stands of Ebola; Ebola Zaire, Ebola Sudan, Ebola Reston, and a sister virus named Marburg. Ebola Zaire being the most lethal of all four of the viruses has fatality rate of eighty-eight percent. Ebola Sudan is not quite as fatal as Ebola Zaire, but doesn’t fall too short at a staggering fifty-three
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Symptoms may appear anywhere from 2 to 21 days after exposure to Ebola, but the average is 8 to 10 days. Symptoms generally range from fever, severe headaches, muscle pain, and weakness to diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Also, the main symptom Ebola is known for is unexplained severe hemorrhaging, causing one to bleed from every orifice of their body. Recovery from Ebola depends on good supportive clinical care and the patient’s immune system response to the virus. People who recover from Ebola infection develop antibodies that can last for at least 10 years. (US …show more content…
Before they knew that he was plagued with the virus, doctors decided it would be best to send Monet to Nairobi Hospital. When he arrived he was rushed immediately into the intensive care unit. There, Monet ended up vomiting into the face of Dr. Shem Musoke, initially spreading the fatal virus onto him. However, they are still unaware that this is Marburg, so Dr. Musoke treats himself for Malaria and Typhoid Fever, but to no avail neither treatment works. At the suggestion of Dr. Antonia Bagshawe, Dr. Musoke has exploratory surgery thinking he may have gall stones. Although they never found any gall stones, his condition quickly deteriorated while on the operating table because his blood was refusing to clot. After the operation Dr. Musoke is placed in the care of Dr. David Silverstein, who believes his patient may be a victim of a lethal virus. As a result, Dr. Silverstein decides to send Dr. Musoke’s blood to the Institute of Virology in Sandringham, South Africa, and the CDC in Atlanta, Georgia. Afterwards Silverstein gets a call saying his patients’ blood was positive for Marburg, at the time little was known about Marburg. Because of the supportive care Dr. Musoke received, he was one of very few people to recover from the virus. (Preston
Ebola from everyone’s point of view is seen as inferno. Dr. Steven Hatch’s memorable journey began with him volunteering to leave for Liberia in 2013 to work at a hospital in Monrovia to fight Ebola in one of its most affected areas. There were only a few patients with Ebola when he arrived. The number of patients rapidly increased over his time in Liberia. After six months Ebola was declared a world health emergency and not only were ordinary people outside of the hospital getting the virus but the medical personnel that were tending to the patients had caught it and some of them had even died.
Later in the book, the doctor that treated Monet (Dr. Musoke) started showing symptoms of malaria or some other disease...
Charles Monet: He was the first host to the deadly ebola virus breakout in Africa. He was 56 years old and was kind of a loner according to the authors interviews with people. 2. Dr. Mosoke: He was Charles Monets doctor when Charles crashed and bled out which means when the host suddenly starts bleeding infectious blood out of every orifice in the body.
Preston goes further into the errors made by the people at Yambuku hospital, with Nurse Mayinga. Preston writes “She knew she was becoming sick, but she did not want to admit to herself what it was” (100). Mayinga had contracted the virus when she had gotten in contact with Sister M.E.. Instead of going into the hospital that Nurse Mayinga worked at, she decided to head into the city and seek aid from other hospitals.
It is so lethal that nine out of ten of its victims die. Later, geniuses at USAMRIID found out that it wasn't Zaire! but a new strain of Ebola. which they named Ebola Reston. This was added to the list of strains: Ebola.
Ebola, a virus which acquires its name from the Ebola River (located in Zaire, Africa), first emerged in September 1976, when it erupted simultaneously in 55 villages near the headwaters of the river. It seemed to come out of nowhere, and resulted in the deaths of nine out of every ten victims. Although it originated over 20 years ago, it still remains as a fear among African citizens, where the virus has reappeared occasionally in parts of the continent. In fact, and outbreak of the Ebola virus has been reported in Kampala, Uganda just recently, and is still a problem to this very day. Ebola causes severe viral hemorrhagic fevers in humans and monkeys, and has a 90 % fatality rate. Though there is no cure for the disease, researchers have found limited medical possibilities to help prevent one from catching this horrible virus.
He then calls civilian virologist Peter Jahrling to examine infected blood. The team at USAMRIID begins to grow the virus in test tubes filled with monkey cells to watch the effects of the virus on the cells. One morning during the incubation process intern Tom Geisbert checks on the progress when he notices the cells are puffy, dying, and full of black specks. Speculating a possible bacterial contamination,Tom and Peter Jahrling whiff the tube in order to detect a specific odor associated with the bacteria. After further inspection it is believed to be the same strain of Marburg that Peter Cardinal harbored. Currently in the novel a quiet panic has erupted between Tom Geisbert and Peter Jahrling, along colonel C.J Peters who has been alerted of the potentially potent situation lying at their fingertips. As I began to read and become interested in the Hot Zone I couldn't help but feel a familiarity with what I was reading. Aside from the devastatingly vast outbreak of Ebola in 2014, the subject was a stranger to me. It then occurred to me that I had previously viewed the movie Outbreak in a Science
On January 15, 1980, Charles Monet dies of Marburg at Nairobi Hospital. He was exploring the Kitum Cave in South Africa with one of his many girlfriends. A couple days after visiting the cave, he started experiencing various symptoms such as a throbbing pain, red eyes, headache, and later black vomit. He was transported by plane to the Nairobi hospital and bled out and soon died at the hospital, infecting Dr. Shem Musoke but not killing him. Musoke survives the virus and doesn’t spread it. It is said that he had a zombie like appearance and jaundice before he died. This event is significant because he is the first victim of the virus. Nancy Jaax, a mother and a USAMRIID officer, was preparing a meal for her family when she accidentally cuts her hand. On August 26, 1983 her suit is breached and blood is in her suit with her wound covered by multiple layers of cloth. She quickly leaves the bio containment where she was working with the Ebola virus. She takes off her suit and is relieved to see that the infected blood did not make it through her layers of cloth over her wound. This event is substantial because it shows the high risk and scare that she had when working with the dangerous virus. A young Dutch boy named Peter Cardinal was visiting Africa, near Kenya. After he and his older sister explored the Kitum Cave, his mother noticed he was looking ill. She quickly took him to the Kenya hospital and they realized his symptoms looked closely related to those of Charles Monet. After a few days in the hospital, Peter died on August 15, 1987 from bleeding out. This is important because both him and Monet visited the cave and became ill, therefore the virus must be located inside the cave. On October 4, 1989, the military and Centers for Control disease were alerted when the USAMRIID discovered that a hot virus was inside the
He starts off following Charles Monet, a sugar factory water care man living in Western Kenya. After a weekend trip to Kitum Cave on Mount Elgon, he suddenly fell ill, experiencing severe headaches, nausea and internal blood clots, displaying starlike red
Ebola can be spread in a number of ways. Ebola reproduction in infected cells takes about eight hours. Hundreds to thousands of new virus cells are then released during periods of a few hours to a few days. In most outbreaks, transmission from patient to patient within hospitals has been associated within the reuse of needles and syringes. High rates of transmission in outbreaks have occurred from patients to family members who provide nursing care without barriers to prevent exposure to blood, other body fluids such as, vomit, urine and feces. Risk for transmitting the infection appears to be highest during the later stages of illness. Those symptoms include vomiting, diarrhea, shock, and frequently hemorrhaging. Even a person who has recovered from the symptoms of the illness may have the virus present in the genital secretions for a short time after. This makes it possible for the virus to be spread by sexual activity. Complete recovery is reached only when none virus’s cells are left in any body fluids. This is quite rare.
As the story begins, the unnamed doctor is introduced as one who appears to be strictly professional. “Aas often, in such cases, they weren’t telling me more than they had to, it was up to me to tell them; that’s why they were spending three dollars on me.” (par. 3) The doctor leaves the first impression that he is one that keeps his attention about the job and nothing out of the ordinary besides stating his impressions on the mother, father and the patient, Mathilda. Though he does manage to note that Mathilda has a fever. The doctor takes what he considers a “trial shot” and “point of departure” by inquiring what he suspects is a sore throat (par. 6). This point in the story, nothing remains out of the ordinary or questionable about the doctor’s methods, until the story further develops.
In 1976 the first two Ebola outbreaks were recorded. In Zaire and western Sudan five hundred and fifty people reported the horrible disease. Of the five hundred and fifty reported three hundred and forty innocent people died. Again in 1995 Ebola reportedly broke out in Zaire, this time infecting over two hundred and killing one hundred and sixty. (Bib4, Musilam, 1)
According to the World Health Organization (2014) “Ebola first took place in 1976 in 2 simultaneous outbreaks, one in Nzara, Sudan.., in Yambuku, Democratic Republic of Congo. [and the] latter occurred in a village near the Ebola River, from which the disease takes its name”. The disease has also started spreading through countries such as Guinea, Sierra Leone, and Liberia (which are West African countries). The United States of America had their first case of Ebola on September 30, 2014, when a man traveling back from Liberia was diagnosed with the disease in Dallas, Texas (CDC 2014). The man did not show symptoms until he reached the United States.
The symptoms were blisters of the skins with puss and bleeding with high fever. The government was very aware and thought they had a vaccine but the micro-organism morphed into another pathogen that was airborn and the previous vaccine was no
Marburg Virus is an acute and fatal strand of Filoviridae, there should be a heightened awareness of this virus since it is the predecessor of Ebola and devastated the world first with hemorrhaging. There is no cure and it’s believed to be transferred from primate to human contact. While there has only been one case in the United States of America, this virus devastated Europe and Africa over the years.