More handpicked essays just for you.
Refugee Problems Introduction, Body, conclusion
Causes of rural urban migrations
Theories socio-economic impact of rural to urban migration
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Migration and development with regards to Africa are two interdependent processes. In the hopes of diversifying their sources of income through development, people become mobile by seeking better living conditions, education and more advanced labor markets. Migration allows goods, services, skills and labor to be spread across Africa this is a positive thing in terms of the continents development as it becomes more productive.
Today climate change and the fearsome competition for land, has made rural life in Africa critically unsustainable and borderline to poverty because of declining productive resources. As more African countries begin to industrialize and it’s agricultural sectors decline, urbanization rates have begun to accelerate. These migrants, who are normally low skilled/unskilled, are moving from the rural areas to urban areas in the hopes of securing a job and experiencing the glamorous big city life. However this reality is flawed, a mass rural urban migration has had a negative impact on development. Rapidly growing populations in urban areas has put pressure onto African authorities that are now struggling to accommodate everyone through social services jobs and education.
About 20 percent of the migrants in Africa are refugees. Briefly exploring some of the consequences and impacts generated by this sort of displacement include psychological and gender issues, inequality, social fractionalization and violence. Refugees’ adopt survival skills that often have negative impacts on both them and their hosts. Sexual exploitation, violation of their human rights, illegal and unsustainable farming are all examples of situations these African migrants might experience including resorting to theft, substance abuse, relia...
... middle of paper ...
... allows these migrants to gain access to foreign natural resources, goods and services. Accumulation of wealth over time enables these international African migrants to provide financial resources in the form of remittances to their country of origin. Rural households may become heavily dependent on remittances and unexpected events such as a global financial crisis would result in higher rates of unemployment especially amongst migrant workers, therefore decreasing the flow of remittances. On the other hand remittances may provide capital for entrepreneurs, so Africans may sometimes diversify their sources of income from initially receiving remittances. Research shows that remittances impact the typical African individual more effectively and that remittance flows better stability than both investments and foreign aid to Africa during the most recent global crisis.
Sudan, which is located in northeast Africa, is ranked number 190 based on the amount of migrants per thousand people with a total of -4.44 migrants per thousand people. For roughly 12 years (from 2001-2013), Sudan has faced many challenges that push it’s people out of the land and pull them towards other places. These factors are known as push and pull factors. Even though there are many challenges that come with immigration, the results are more rewarding than what they would have been in Sudan. After migrating out of Sudan, these Sudanese migrants also face long-term consequences because of their decision to move.
A true saying is “Colonization often does more damage than contribution.” Colonialism encouraged Africa’s development in some areas, but in many others it severely damaged the natural progress of the continent. If colonialism was never imposed on Africa, Africa’s developments would be significantly different and many of the problems that the continent faces now would not exist today. In conclusion, at first it seems that colonialism has both positive and negative effects, but the truth is it only damages the colonized nation.
Priscilla. “The World Economy and Africa.” JSpivey – Home – Wikispaces. 2010. 29 January 2010. .
Migrations have taken place by slaves and by free people of sub-Saharan Africa for over seventy thousand years, beginning with the tropical areas of the Old World and followed by Eurasia and the Americas. These migrations, or Diasporas, began with religious voyages and cultural exchanges and evolved to the slave trade and the deportation of black men, women and children to new colonies as workers and servants. Long before the Atlantic slave trade grew, merchants from Greece and the Roman Empire traveled to the East African coast. Patrick Manning points out in, African Diaspora: A History Through Culture, that migrants came from southern Arabia to Eretria and Ethiopia in the first millennium BCE (Manning 36). As time went on, contacts grew with other regions of Africa and trade developed with Asia and Europe. This resulted in further migrations of black Africans as both slaves and free men. The Africans brought with them customs, music food preparation techniques and minerals. For example, the discovery of copper in Central Africa brought about a substantial trans-Saharan trade and more exchange of culture and migrations. As more Africans migrated to various parts of the world, they carried with them their culture and learned new techniques and ways of life. Whether they migrated as slaves or as free men, the Africans influenced their new lands and African identity was influenced forever. This paper will look at the effects of these migrations on African identity throughout the Diaspora. It will examine migration patterns, issues of race, racial hierarchy and culture.
According to the 1951 Refugee Convention, refugee is a term applied to anyone who is outside his/her own country and cannot return due to the fear of being persecuted on the basis of race, religion, nationality, membership of a group or political opinion. Many “refugees” that the media and the general public refer to today are known as internally displaced persons, which are people forced to flee their homes to avoid things such as armed conflict, generalized violations of human rights or natural and non-natural disasters. These two groups are distinctly different but fall ...
He emphasizes the profound significance of resilience, gently reminding the refugee that their past traumas need not define their future trajectory. Moreover, Lam underscores the immeasurable value of embracing one's cultural identity and heritage, portraying them not as shackles but as wellsprings of resilience and inner strength. Additionally, he extols the transformative potency of education and self-belief, advocating fervently for their utilization as catalysts for personal growth and empowerment. Lam's appraisal of the advice he dispenses is unequivocally affirmative. He commends the refugee's steadfast courage and unwavering tenacity, recognizing the profound depth of wisdom and empathy woven into his words.
Africa has had a long and tumultuous road of colonization and decolonization the rush to colonize Africa started in the 17th century with the discovery of the vast amounts of gold, diamonds, and rubber with colonization hitting a fever pitch during World War I. However, the repercussions of colonization have left deep wounds that still remain unhealed in the 21st century. Early on, European nations such as Britain, Portugal, Spain, Italy, Germany and Belgium scrambled for territories. Countries wanted land so they could harvest the resources, increase trade, and gain power. The European colonization of Africa brought racism, civil unrest, and insatiable greed; all of which have had lasting impacts on Africa.
Refugees have two basic choices. They can return to their home country, or they can try to settle in another country. Most refugees, however, cannot return home because conditions in their native country have not changed sufficiently to eliminate the problems from whi...
Some people may find migration to not be such a good thing because it takes up lots more jobs, migrants could be exploited, the sudden increase in population could put a lot of pressure on public services ,and ease of movement may increase organised crime and people trafficking. Some people also think that migration is good because host countries are enriched by cultural diversity, economic growth can be upheld, and failing schools can be transformed because of the migrants seeking education.
Migration is the movement of people from one place to another within a country, or from one country to another for different reasons. In developing countries, many people consider migration as the only option to improve their livelihoods (ILO, 2011). Even though people have always been migrating the contemporary situation shows that the number of people living outside their country of origin has dramatically increased than the previous times. This makes human trafficking is one form of migration, and migration is a response made by persons to cope up with different economic, socio-cultural, and political crises (Hailemichael, 2014). As Omer (2015:75) discussed in his work, migration, and trafficking are interlinked, traffickers often exploit the processes by which individuals migrate. Likewise, trafficking becomes one aspect of illegal labor migration (Gudetu, 2014). Although migration is as old as time immemorial, human trafficking is the worst form of it that has shown a dramatic increment from time to time (Yemataw, 2015). This fact enables both illegal migration and human trafficking to be the same face of two coins.
According to Raghavan (July 2017), due to the political instability in many of the countries, it caused many to be sold by the smugglers and now locked in crowded facilities. For instance, the author notes a testimony of a 25 year-old man from Sierra Leone who states how he was beaten while on the phone so that his parents could hear him cry. The kind of pain experienced by the immigrants in the country presents a group of people who are desperate with nothing left but pain. Libya is the best and quickest way of finding one`s way into Europe. For many, this is an opportunity of finding a way out of their poverty by going to Europe. The smugglers take this advantage and in turn sell many of them as goods rather than treating them as human
In Africa, one important feature of the urbanization process is that a lot of the growth is taking place in the industrial increase. Urbanization also finds expression in external expansion of the built-up area and the changing of prime agricultural lands into residential and industrial uses (Saundry, 2008). An alternate to the present expansion of the urban population across a wide area of the country in order to save crucial land for agriculture is to construct high-rise buildings and support commercial development in specific zones, which would depend on efficiency, and the right technology and resources (Hanson, 2011). In Africa, the urbanization processes are largely driven by market forces and government policies. This will lead to methods at the same time of change in incomes, land use, health and natural resources management including water, soil and forests and often reactive changes in local governments (The Economist, 2010). So this is saying that government development policies and budget divisions, in which urban residents are often favorites over rural areas and will tend to pull more people into the urban areas. I...
This section will provide the theoretical framework to examine remittance effects. First, conceptual definition of remittance, second section will examine theories of remittance; third section will discuss the determinants of remittances, both at a microeconomic and macroeconomic level and in section four remittances and economic growth: empirical evidence for economic growth will be discussed.
International migration for many people and it does not matter which country or city in which they reside they have similar reasons. Such as a better way of life for themselves and their family, their current living conditions, better employment opportunities and even something as simple as having food to fed their families. As our text and history shows the war is one of the main components which lead to people leaving their country’s or homes like the Out of Ireland film as to how and why the Devereux family’s land and home were taking way when the English invaded their territory and conquered their land and made it their own. They situation
Migration and settlement are two key elements to the evolution of the humankind. They are connected, yet separate because they simultaneously work to evolve the human race while accomplishing different goals. Therefore, the values of both migration and settlement lie in different corners of evolution of humankind. Due to the fact that the value of migration lies in only the physical transfer of people, culture and ideas while the value of settlement lies in the actual assimilation of people, culture, and ideas, settlement bears a slightly larger value in the advancement of humankind.