My hypothesis for this experiment was that a increased caffeine rate would negatively affect plant growth and well being. I thought this because caffeine is a basic substance and increased base in large quantities is known to negatively affect plant growth. My data proved my point to be accurate because in the increased base(more caffeinated) trials the plants grew slower, weaker, and they had a decreased germination rate as well as health issues. The average height of the control group on day three was 19mm, in comparison the average height of the group that had been watered with an added 400mg of caffeine in their total water supply was 0 mm on day three. On day 7 the control groups height averaged 107mm while the 400 mg group only averaged at 22.0 mm.
One thing I could have done to improve my experiment was to have used a more secure lid on the growth tray to have ensured that all moisture would have stayed in the appropriate area. This makes me less confident about my data because there is a possibility that it could have disrupted the moisture levels in the soil and could have minorly diluted or concentrated
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the caffeine solution. I could have fixed this issue by investing in a seed tray with a tighter fitting or more durable lid that protects against humidity loss. Another thing that makes me less confident about my data was the fact that the water, when mixed with the crushed caffeine tablets, turned a murky white with larger particles sinking to the bottom.
Though my family and I speculate that these are fillers meant for the original pill format, there is a possibility these were undissolved particles of the caffeine powder. Though only small amounts of these particulates were left at the bottom there is a possibility that they could have had a small effect on the amount of caffeine in the water. If I were to do this experiment again, I would most likely us a tool or small, handheld blender to blend in the particulates. Another thing I would possibly consider doing is buying either pre-powdered caffeine with none of the sinking residues or buying a tablet that is known to be 100% filler
free. The final thing that may have possibly thrown my data off would be airflow around the seeds and seed tray. This could have made minor disruptions to my data by speeding up evaporation in the soil and disrupting water content and concentration of the caffeine solution. If I were to redo the experiment I would have used a humidity reader to read and factor in the humidity that is lost or gained during the experiment into my final data and results. I would have also gotten a tighter lid to maintain the humidity inside the tray better. Another way that I could test my project to find more supporting evidence for my hypothesis is to test other types of plants to see if they have the same reaction to caffeine as Dactylis glomerata did. For that experiment I would use the same methods as I did with the Dactylis glomerata but with the aforementioned improvements and with other species of plants.
Two members of the group were instructed to visit the laboratory each day of the experiment to water and measure the plants (Handout 1). The measurements that were preformed were to be precise and accurate by the group by organizing a standardized way to measure the plants. The plants were measured from the level of the soil, which was flat throughout all the cups, to the tip of the apical meristems. The leaves were not considered. The watering of the plants took place nearly everyday, except for the times the lab was closed. Respective of cup label, the appropriate drop of solution was added to the plant, at the very tip of the apical meristems.
The subject was then asked to perform the same steps as last week in addition to getting their blood lactate taken before activity begins and again at every increase in incline. These processes were performed the following week as well, but the test subject was given a concoction that contained 250 mg of caffeine. This study was a double blind study in which the instructors, nor the subjects knew when the test subject was given caffeine. By having a double blind study all biases for how the data should turn out were eliminated. In addition, the professors, the test subject, and the research group were unable to skew the data because they were unaware of when the subject got the
Random and systematic errors are both factors that can affect the reliability and accuracy of the results respectively. As all the graphs contained outliers, and hence, scatter, this indicates that random errors were present. Such errors may result from the inconsistent masses of the Alka Seltzer tablets. As these tablets were cut manually with a knife, it is unlikely that the mass of each half of an Alka Seltzer tablet would be the same. Thus, when using the tablets to react with HCl, the true number of tablets reacting would have not been the same as the number denoted for the trial, and with each repeated trial for the same number of tablets reacting, the reacting mass and ratio would have not been inconsistent. Consequently, the
The data we gathered was tested to be as accurate as possible. Our prediction on the solvents did not support our data that we collected. The cause of this could be due to human error when washing the beets or the cutting of the beets. The beets were not perfectly cut the same size, so some beet pieces were bigger than others which can affect the final the final result. We followed each step and followed the time limits cautiously. I can say if we were to redo the experiment our results would be similar because we would attempt to do the experiment as close as we did the first
the replicate shows the same trend as the first experiment. I used a measuring cylinder and a beaker to measure out the amounts of water; however these did not seem to affect the quality of my results. To increase the accuracy of my results I could have perhaps used a burette. Even though I did the best I could to keep the experiment accurate, I did. some places there were mistakes that unintentionally occurred.
We used wheatgrass were 40 wheatgrass seeds, two empty pots, soil, and water. We first added soil for both pots and 20 wheatgrass seeds in each pot. My partner and I decided that we label pot one experiment which is “sugar and water” and pot two control which is “water” only. The experiment was for almost four weeks we had to make sure both get the same room temperature and water, so we can see the results after this amount of time. Both pots had same room temperature so both can have the same amount of sunlight also, the same amount of water which is a glass of water from the sink once a week. In the experiment pot we added a glass of water with one teaspoon of sugar and the control pot glass of water. Every week we used to see both pots grow almost the same. At the end of the experiment, my partner and I measured the length for both plants and we recorded the average for each plant, so we can know the rate of growth
The experiment was conducted in three parts: Part A of the experiment consisted of extracting caffeine from an aqueous solution; Part B consisted of using three different compounds: benzoic acid, succinic acid, and sodium benzoate; and the last part of the experiment consisted of using a solid neutral compound with an acid or base impurity.
Going into details of the article, I realized that the necessary information needed to evaluate the experimental procedures were not included. However, when conducting an experiment, the independent and dependent variable are to be studied before giving a final conclusion.
The presence of caffeine has become popular for increasing your alertness even though it has uncertain effects on cognition, coordination, and motor abilities. Caffeine is used as a stimulate to maximize performance on a daily basis for most people even those who do not have a morning drink to kick start to their day. People usually associate caffeine with their morning coffee or tea; however, “It can be found in a large portion of what we eat and drink and is consumed daily by an estimated 80% of children and adults in the United States (Barone & Roberts, 1996)”. The study by Childs and de Wit from the University of Chicago suggests that there might be a correlation in the variety of caffeine pills that have been given to some participants in past experiments (Childs & de Wit, 2008). In those studies the participants were given a caffeine pill that also has other herbal supplements which resulted in adding confounding properties to the study. The experiments where participants were given a true caffeine pill with 100% caffeine and no addit...
Fifty-four percent of Americans over the age of eighteen drink coffee daily, and it seems that over the past 100 years, humans have gradually increased in height. Supposedly, there’s an old wives’ tale that claims “coffee stunts your growth.” The exact origin of the myth rests unknown, but it thought to have originated from the Europeans (Grabinski et al. 2). Over several decades, multiple studies have concluded that coffee actually does not stunt growth, helping to diminish previous ideas that it did. The misconception that coffee stunts growth acts as an old wife’s tale however, height is hereditary, and drinking coffee has many unknown health benefits.
Within the target site of the experiment, researchers wanted to answer their hypothesis; hypothesis was that increased police
...e that negated some or all of the impact of the caffeine. 5) Test method variation (for blood or urinary tests) was not a factor. No data was given indicating the reproducibility of the test methods used.
In our Biology Lab we did a laboratory experiment on fermentation, alcohol fermentation to be exact. Alcohol fermentation is a type of fermentation that produces the alcohol ethanol and CO2. In the experiment we estimated the rate of alcohol fermentation by measuring the rate of CO2 production. Both glycolysis and fermentation consist of a series of chemical reactions, each of which is catalyzed by a specific enzyme. Two of the tables substituted some of the solution glucose for two different types of solutions. They are as followed, Table #5 substituted glucose for sucrose and Table #6 substituted the glucose for pH4. The equation for alcohol fermentation consists of 6 Carbons 12 Hydrogens 6 Oxygen to produce 2 pyruvates plus 2 ATP then finally the final reaction will be 2 CO2 plus Ethanol. In the class our controlled numbers were at Table #1; their table had 15 mL Glucose, 10 mL RO water, and 10 mL of yeast which then they placed in an incubator at 37 degrees Celsius. We each then measured our own table’s fermentation flasks every 15 mins for an hour to compare to Table #1’s controlled numbers. At
Overall I think I carried out the experiment in a precise way and I took my time trying to make all my measurements as accurate as possible so that my data is reliable. Next time I will do more tests instead of just 3 so I have more results and so I could get a more accurate average. I will also do the experiment with more fruit juices to see if there are other fruits with a higher content of vitamin C. I will do an experiment to see if there is a difference in Vitamin C levels between fresh juice and store bought juice. I can also test different brands of juice to see if they have different levels of vitamin C.
There is also the potential of human error within this experiment for example finding the meniscus is important to get an accurate amount using the graduated pipettes and burettes. There is a possibility that at one point in the experiment a chemical was measured inaccurately affecting the results. To resolve this, the experiment should have been repeated three times.