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The portrayal of women in literature
The portrayal of women in literature
Gender in literature
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Sexual Instinct exists in animals in order for them to reproduce and perpetuate. Animals are believed to be incapable resisting their sexual instinct. Humans though reproduce based on their desire. Evolution of human sexual desires from animal form is that “Only the human developed a different behaviour system, one which included intellectual control over the instincts.” This is seen to show that humans have a desire for sex, but we also have a control to our instinct. In the novel Disgrace by J.M Coetzee, the author states that sexual instinct is a gender construction that can be altered, and not a biological predetermined instinct. Through the use of imagery David altered his thoughts from blaming his desires on instinct to confronting …show more content…
Coetzee quotes “ Not liking the stickiness of the makeup, he asked her to wipe it off. She obeyed, and has never worn it since” (Coetzee 5). David showing signs of dominance over Soraya. David’s power was associated with his sexual instinct, but as time goes by, we see his strength weaken because of his inability to control his desire for women. During Lucy’s rape David was left powerless, trapped right outside from where his daughter was being hurt. David quotes “ “He speaks Italian, he speaks French, but Italian and French will not save him here in darkest Africa. He is helpless [...] (Coetzee 95).” Coetzees previous language associated the dominance of men is closely related to rape. Lucy states "When it comes to men and sex, David, nothing surprises me any more. Maybe, for men, hating the woman makes sex more exciting. … when you trap her, hold her down, get her under you, put all your weight on her… doesn’t it feel like murder, like getting away with murder?" (18.96)” Coetzee describes a change in Davids who realizes his actions against women are just like the actions associated with the men who raped his daughter. Coetzee describes …show more content…
David sees women as a powerless figures who need a man to be controlled. “. “Soon she will be positively heavy. Letting herself go, as what happens when one withdraws from the field of love.” (Coetzee 65)” David brings emphasis to withdrawing from love as if women cannot have sexual love without a man present. Lucy brings uncertainty to David’s logic by being gay and not having any male figures in her life. David quotes “Would they dare to share a bed while he was in the house? If the bed creaked in the night, would they be embarrassed? Embarrassed enough to stop? But what does he know about what women do together? (10.57) David shows confusion in not knowing how sex is enjoyable without a man present. Showing David’s ignorance based on his sexual reasoning. He quotes “He presses on the issue how money can live without a man present.” Coetzee used David’s view towards women and Gender as a sign of his change in viewpoint towards females. Lucy is from the start a very strong woman who takes care of herself and she breaks all the traditional gender roles. Coetzee brings emphasis to gender roles and how it relates to sexual identity. Females without a man cannot been seen as a present figure in society. They are individuals who withdraw from love. Judith Butler argues “To say that gender is performative is a little different because for something to be performative means that it
In “Youthful Indiscretions: Should Colleges Protect Social Network Users from Themselves and Others?” Dana Fleming presents an essay concerning the safety of social networking sites and how Universities can deal and prevent problems. This article is targeted towards school administrators, faculty, and a social networking user audience who will either agree or disagree with her statement. I believe Fleming presents an excellent, substantial case for why she reasons the way she does. Fleming gives a sound, logical argument according to Toulmin’s Schema. This essay has an evident enthymeme, which has a claim and reasons why she believes in that way. Toulmin refers to this as “grounds."
Alfred Kinsey was an American Professor of biology and zoology at Indiana University. During his career he decided to shift his focus from studying gull wasps to that of human subjects. He embarked on a study of human sexual behavior by doing a series of interviews consisting of 18,000 people. The first installment of nine books was “Sexual Behavior in the Human Male.” This 30 year project was anything but non-controversial especially with in the realm of the FBI and the United States government. As any breakthrough research goes through, there were positive and negative critiques of his study.
"They turn casually to look at you, distracted, and get a mild distracted surprise, you're gone. Their blank look tells you that the girl they were fucking is not there anymore. You seem to have disappeared.(pg.263)" In Minot's story Lust you are play by play given the sequential events of a fifteen year old girls sex life. As portrayed by her thoughts after sex in this passage the girl is overly casual about the act of sex and years ahead of her time in her awareness of her actions. Minot's unique way of revealing to the reader the wild excursions done by this young promiscuous adolescent proves that she devalues the sacred act of sex. Furthermore, the manner in which the author illustrates to the reader these acts symbolizes the likeness of a list. Whether it's a list of things to do on the weekend or perhaps items of groceries which need to be picked up, her lust for each one of the boys in the story is about as well thought out and meaningful as each item which has carelessly and spontaneously been thrown on to a sheet of paper as is done in making a list. This symbolistic writing style is used to show how meaningless these relationships were but the deeper meaning of why she acted the way she did is revealed throughout the story. Minot cleverly displayed these catalysts in between the listings of her relationships.
In the story “Carnal Knowledge”, by T. Coraghessan Boyle, Jim is the main character who loves to eat meat. He would love nothing more than to enjoy a dinner of “Beef, mutton, pork, venison, dripping burgers, and greasy ribs”. (1107) However, Jim’s cravings for “Kentucky Fried or Chicken McNuggets” were no match for Alena Jorgensen. (1108) Alena is an obsessive animal rights activist whom Jim met while laying on the beach feeling sorry for himself. When a person has feelings of depression and loneliness it can be very easy for another person to come into their life and change their whole persona.
As the story begins, the narrator's compliance with her role as a submissive woman is easily seen. She states, "John laughs at me, but one expects that in marriage" (Gilman 577). These words clearly illustrate the male's position of power in a marriage that is not only accepted, but rather expected at this time period.... ... middle of paper ...
In the essay “Shame”, by Dick Gregory, the author narrates how two painful experiences during his childhood reflected how difficult it was to grow up as a poor African American. Gregory was ashamed of being on welfare and of his poverty, so much so that he got of rid of the warm hooded mackaw he received because it was a reminder that he and his family were on relief. Gregory also expresses his embarrassment, shame, and desire to hold onto his dignity throughout it all. In the essay “I Became Her Target”, by Roger Wilkins, the author describes how it was difficult for him to break the ice with his classmates because he was a new student in school. In fact, Wilkins was the only black student in this new school which only worsened the situation. Moreover, he was the target of both
In chapter one, we discussed about Sigmund Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis which means that individual thoughts, feeling and behavior are determined by our unconscious or unaware mind. Sigmund 's Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis can relate to one of my friends that I have had in the past that were really unaware of their urges and sexual desires even when they know what is right and wrong. My friend had numerous girlfriends, but all of them seemed to just leave him and it is all because of the same reason. When he had a girlfriend, they would last for a decent three months but somewhere around the middle of their relationship, my friend would somehow starts seeing other girls and some of those girls, he would even have sexual intercourse. I think this relates to what Sigmund Freud is trying to say about having an unconscious mind and that some humans would push all threatening urges desires, and even when my friend knows the right and wrong behavior, he would still
First, readers can tell that Lucy Westenra’s position as a feminine character in this novel is there to support the masculine society. This can be seen through the text and Lucy’s thoughts and by her descriptions of the other characters who are also in the novel. While Lucy is writing letters back and forth with Mina, Lucy starts to represent her womanhood by writing to Mina, “You and I, Mina dear, who are engaged and going to settle down soon soberly into old married women, can despise vanity” (Stoker 78). The expectations of a woman during this time would be for them to settle down, start a family, and to take care of the family and their house. Next, Lucy is very willing and goes out of her way in order to please her husband, Arthur Holmwood. Lucy wrote “I do not know myself if I shall ever speak slang; I do not know if Arthur likes it; as I have never heard him use any as yet” (Stoker 78). In this quote, Lucy is saying that if her husband does not like it that she wil...
Naturalism in writing can be caused by many aspects. The determination factors of naturalism are, but not limit to: physical forces, biological forces, social forces, psychological forces, and environmental forces (Kate Chopin and Naturalism). All of these can alter the way we act as humans. It can take over the control of our behavior and moral judgment. “Naturalism may give less attention to person freedom and choice and personal responsibility” (Kate Chopin and Naturalism). With less attention on these aspects of humans, we are driven by other forces that we may or may not be able to control completely or not at all. One force that we cannot control or may not want to control, is sexual desire. Sexual desire can be considered biological forces. It is one drive that may make us as humans act like pure animals, regardless of our values or commitments.
However, the reader must always keep in mind the time at which this piece was written and how these relationships exemplify the realities of personal relationships during this time era. Her relationship with John is dominated by him and is almost like she is the child. Without anyone to speak to about her true feelings and stresses, she writes, another thing she must hide from John and Jennie. The reader feels a sense of fear from the narrator, “there comes John, and I must put this away,—he hates to have me write a word” (Gilman 78). Yet another sign of how he does not want his wife thinking for herself and doing what she pleases. When learning about the author and her background, her feminist side shows in this piece through examples like these. The true dark sides of marriage, the loneliness, and the female role of always being superior are portrayed perfectly in this short
I also believe this occurring played a huge role in David's change. It is obvious that going through something so traumatizing, such as knowing your daughter's been raped, can greatly effect a person's mental state. We know that Lurie was shaken up by the whole situation and could be psychologically damaged, meaning he could have PTSD (post traumatic stress disorder) or something similar. Since this could be a possibility, could this also play a role in his personal character becoming changed? I believe it can. A quote from chapter 13 is what makes me think this. The quote says, “His pleasure in living has been snuffed out. Like a leaf on a stream, like a puffball on a breeze, he has begun to float toward his end. He sees it quite clearly, and it fills him with despair. (pg. 46)” You can paint a vivid image in your head when you read these words about Lurie's change after the incident. The life that was once inside of him has been drained out. It’s almost like he has fallen into a deep depression. Other than this internal change Lurie has gone through, he seems to have changed in another way as well when it comes to women. After finding out Lucy has been raped, his demeanor towards women changes. He treats them with more respect, at least more than he did in the beginning of the novel. For example, him going back to see Melanie, even after everything they’ve been through, shows a true change of his character. I believe he would not have agreed to that if Lucy never got raped. This shows that he is no longer a coward hiding away and is finally taking responsibility for his actions. There is a quote from chapter 14 that also helps me demonstrate my point. The quote says, “A flurry of anger runs through him, strong enough to take him by surprise. You are whipping yourself into a rage, he admonishes himself: Stop it! Yet at this moment he would like to take Petrus by the throat. (pg.
What controls a human's sexual orientation? The long-standing debate of nature versus nurture can be extended to explaining human sexual orientation. Is it biological or environmental? The biological explanation has been gaining popularity amongst the scientific community although it is only based on speculations. It is argued that sexual orientation is linked to factors that occur during sexual differentiation. The prenatal exposure to androgens and their affect on the development of the human brain play a pivotal role in sexual orientation (2). Heredity is also part of the debate. Does biology merely provide the slate of neural circuitry upon which sexual orientation is inscribed? Do biological factors directly wire the brain so that it will support a particular orientation? Or do biological factors influence sexual orientation only indirectly?
Coetzee claims David’s inner thoughts which include lust and desire. At the beginning of the Disgrace, David’s relationship with Soraya has ‘‘ solved the problem of sex’’. He believes that how wrong he is about Soraya when he thinks Soraya as ‘‘ too old enough to be her father’’. However, David’s desire is a hindrance in making a moral decision. His temperament is never going to change and he lives in his emotional world. Lurie missed what was going on about Soraya because she denies that she even knows who Lurie is. What urges David to follow the pleasure with her is based on the inner lustful behavior and desires arising from egoistic feelings.
“Psychological - or more strictly speaking, psychoanalytic -investigation shows that the deepest essence of human nature, which are similar in all men and which aim at the satisfaction of certain needs... [are] self-preservation, aggression, need for love, and the impulse to attain pleasure and avoid pain...” At its simplest form, this quote perfectly explains Sigmund Freud’s theory on human nature. Human beings, according to Freud, are in a constant state of conflict within themselves; trying to satisfy their animalistic instincts, while also maintaining a socially appropriate life. Freud termed these animalistic tendencies that we have, the Id. The Id is essentially our unconscious mind, it is the part of us that has been there since the day we were born and is what drives our life’s needs and desires. The Id simply aims to satisfy our sexual or aggressive urges immediately, without taking into account any further implications. On the other hand, Freud used the term, the Superego, to describe man’s conscience and sense of morality. It is the Superego’s job to keep the Id in check by combatting the desire to satisfy urges with the feeling of guilt or anxiety. Finally, the Ego, is the conscious representation of the constant battle between the Superego and the Id. It must work to satisfy human’s instinctual tendencies while taking into account their conscience and doing what is rational and acceptable. Freud argues that these internal process that are constantly at work in our mind are what shape humans to do the things that they do. Thus, he believes, the goal of human nature is to satisfy our basic aggressive and sexual desires while adhering to cultural and social standards.
From a Freudian perspective, human development is based on psychosexual theory (Wedding & Corsini, 2014). Psychosexual theory indicates that maturation of the sex drives underlies stages of personality development (Shaffer et al., 2010). It was Freud’s perspective that there are three components of personality (the id, ego, and superego) that become integrated into his five stage theoretical model. The id was the biological or drive component that is innate from birth. The sole purpose of the Id is satiate an individual’s internal drives (Wedding & Corsini, 2014). The ego is the conscious portion of our personality that mediates between our id and superego. Throughout development the ego reflects the child’s emerging ability to...