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Diabetic foot complications essay
Diabetic foot thesis
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Care of the Diabetic Foot
Diabetic foot problems are a major health concern and are a common cause of hospitalization.
Most problems for diabetics are nerve damage and poor circulation. Due to poor circulation and loss of feeling can result to unknown injuries or ulcerations which may progress to a serious infection in a matter of days. Chronic nerve damage, which is known as neuropathy can cause dry cracked skin, which provides a gateway for bacteria to enter and cause an infection.
The following consequences are antibiotics, hospitalization to amputation. Careful daily care is important to the overall health and prevention of diabetic foot complications.
Ways to Prevent Diabetic Foot Related Problems
1. Take Care of Your Diabetes
Talk with
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Check Your Feet Every Day
Check your feet daily for skin color changes or redness, pain in the leg, ingrown nails, or fungal nails, corns and calluses, swelling of the foot or ankle, open sores that are slow healing, dry cracks in the skin, rub marks, blisters, or sores from tight or poor fitting shoes.
If you have trouble seeing the bottoms of your feet or between your toes, have a family member, home care helper, or caregiver to help check your feet daily. Call your doctor immediately if you notice any of these signs, to prevent infection from occurring.
3. Wash Your Feet Every Day
Wash your feet in WARM water, NOT HOT water.
Use a thermometer to test the water to make sure it is not too hot.
Dry your feet well. Be sure to dry between your toes. DO NOT SOAK your
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These types of socks are designed to wick away moisture from your feet and absorb shock and sheer.
Always check the insides of your shoes before putting them on. Make sure the lining of the shoe is smooth, and there are no foreign objects such as pebbles, sand, or debris inside the shoe.
Wear shoes that fit your foot well.
6. See Your Podiatrist for Diabetic Foot and Nail Care
DO NOT attempt to trim your nails. Your Podiatrist will take care of that for you. DO NOT attempt to trim or cut corns or calluses. Your Podiatrist will take care of that for you.
7. Keep The Blood Flowing To Your Feet
Put your feet up when sitting. Wiggle your toes for 2 – 5 minutes 2 to 3 times a day. Move your ankles up and down and in and out to improve blood flow to the feet. DO NOT sit with your legs crossed for long periods of time.
DO NOT wear tight socks, or any elastic around the leg that could cut off circulation.
DO NOT wear shoes that are too tight. Avoid pointed toe shoes and high heels.
DO NOT lace your shoes too tightly or loosely.
DO NOT smoke. Smoking reduces the blood flow to the
Although there are many symptoms for Diabetes, many people fail to see the signs or they choose to ignore them. One sign is frequent urine output, this is caused by high amounts of glucose in the urine. Too much urine output can then lead to dehydration, leading to increased thirst. A human with early signs of diabetes may also experience an increase in appetite and fatigue. The Fluctuations in glucose level can even lead to blurred vision. Some of these signs may not seem too serious at first but when left untreated it can lead to even bigger symptoms such as infections in the gums, skin, bladder or even vaginal areas. It also effects the healing process of the body, sores that normally wouldn’t take long to heal can take more than twice the time normally needed. In more serious cases ...
Don’t ask me how I feel, I’m not going to tell you. Talking about it makes it worse. When I explain my pain, I have to think about it. Ignore it; maybe it will go away. I dwell on my fears of what may happen. I don’t want to pass that fear on to you. You don’t see it as I do. It’s not your body; it’s not your life. I don’t tell you because I don’t want you to be afraid for me. I can deal with it. I’ll be OK. I don’t tell you because I know that my words are inadequate. I can’t express what it is, yet I do want you to know (even if you can’t exactly feel it). I want to let you in to my world. I want you to know how different my life is from yours, even though it looks much the same. I’m not scarred or crippled. You can’t pick me out in a crowd. To you, I’m just another classmate, another student, another stranger on the street.
Your breath can have a sweet smell caused by the high levels of ketones in the body. Being a diabetic you are also prone to losing sensation in the lower extremities causing it to be difficult to notice any pain or injury in your feet. It can also cause your skin to dry and crack on your feet. It is extremely important to keep an eye on your feet to make sure no damage is done.
The case study chosen for this assignment is case study #2: Hannah is a 10-year-old girl who has recently been diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. She is a 4th grade student at Hendricks Elementary School. Prior to her diagnosis, Hannah was very involved in sports and played on the girls’ volleyball team. Her mother is concerned about how the diagnosis will affect Hannah.
Icing and elevating the foot help keep the swelling down in the foot. Doing excises like calf raises will help streghthen the muscles around the
Insulin is responsible for allowing glucose to enter the cells (Type 1 Diabetes: Diseases and Conditions). Without insulin, cells are not able to take in the necessary glucose. This usually occurs when the body’s immune system begins to destroy the insulin-producing islet cells in the pancreas. Linked to a strong genetic prevalence and also to exposure to certain viruses. Slow-healing sores, especially in the lower extremities, may be present due to a lack of ability to fight infections (Type 2 Diabetes: Diseases and Conditions).
Over time, constant wearing of heels will lead to chronic pain and destruction of
Some of the causes of toenail fungus are heavy foot perspiration, poorly ventilated shoes and socks, walking barefoot in damp places such as swimming pools, gyms, public showers and nail spas.
The prognosis of this condition depends on the causing factor. Most often this condition is not life threatening. A healthier life style can help to decrease the symptoms of neuropathy. Seeing a podiatrist in the case of people with diabetic neuropathy to avoid a possible amputation. If amputation is needed additional support will be beneficial to the patient. The support of family and friends is critical in that case as the amputation is life changing for the
Diabetes is a very common disorder. It is the 8th leading cause of death worldwide. It is projected that the number of individuals with diabetes will almost double by 2030.
Wunderlich, R. P., Peters, E. J., Bosma, J., & Armstrong, D. G. (1998). Pathophysiology and treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy of the lower extremity. Southern Medical Journal, 91, 894-898.
The care plan is composed of the right food, exercise and medication (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2014). The person needs to know what type of foods affects their blood sugar levels and most of the time the patient is sent to a nutritionist to follow a diabetic diet. The patient needs to keep track of a food log to discuss later with the doctor or nurse on the next appointment (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2014). An exercise regimen also helps to keep the sugar levels balanced. It is important to keep an exercise schedule that will help the person to keep an exercise routine in accord with the medications and meals. It is very important to stay dehydrated and to keep track of the blood sugar levels (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2014). The medications are to lower the blood sugar levels. It is very important to store the insulin properly, check the expiration date and double check the dose before administration. The person will need to report to the doctor if the blood sugar gets too low or still high, because the doctor might need to adjust the dosage or timing. Also, it is important for the doctor to know if the person is taking medications for other conditions, because that will help the doctor to prescribe the correct medication for the person (Mayo Clinic Staff,
Whatever diabetic stage or type you are at, it is important that you are proactive with your health and treatment. Always be discussing treatments with your doctor or health provider.
Education on the use of risk assessment scales in practice is identified as a recommendation along with the continued use of nurses clinical judgment being used combined with a risk assessment tool. This, along with surveillance for complications, is very relevant when considering the diabetic foot. Living with foot ulceration has been linked to diminished wellbeing, quality of life and physical health in patients. Identification of the patient’s pain status is vital when treating patients with diabetic foot ulceration and addressing the challenges of either pain or no pain.
Diabetic Neuropathy is a group of neurological disorders caused by nerve damage resulting from the effects of type one and type two Diabetes. There are several types of neurological diseases, each affecting the individual differently. Each disorder presents with it's own symptoms, prognosis, and risks. It is important for the diabetic patient to receive adequate education from their physician on the basic signs and symptoms of neuropathy. Early identification and frequent check ups can impact the effects of neuropathy greatly.