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Native american alcohol abuse essays
Effects of the europeans on the indigenous people
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The question of whether or not indigenous people should be developed had never been popular in our society, not to say ignored. This is a very important subject that is not being taken seriously in a very long period of time. First, who are the indigenous people? It is estimated that there are more than 370 million indigenous people spread across 70 countries worldwide. Although the United Nation does not have a definition of indigenous people, but it has established an understanding of this on which can be briefly summarized indigenous peoples as having a set of specific rights based on their historical ties to a particular territory, and their cultural or historical distinctiveness from other populations that are often politically dominant. Consecutively, what does it mean by development? The definition of this can be hugely varies through different perspective or point of view. One simple definition from the Oxford dictionary is that it is a specified state of growth or advancement or a new and advanced product or idea. In the case of developing indigenous people, development usually includes the introduction of education, medicine, technology and new ideology, as well as changing their beliefs on the surrounding. Most governments see that development is very important to them as is beneficial to both the country and the local groups by helping them maintain their culture, as well as improving their livelihood. However, there are many activists or organization which argue that development is only an excuse to exploit the indigenous people and the available resources for the authority to gain superiority while destroying traditional and practices in the process. Removing indigenous people from their rich culture, land an... ... middle of paper ... ... with highest alcohol consumption" by Vietnam's top online newspaper, the VNExpress. (Accessed http://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/thoi-su/toc-nguoi-uong-ruou-nhieu-nhat-nuoc-2655591.html on November 20th, 2013) This article is written by “Vietnam Agriculture”, another newspaper that is not available online without a specific author, for the Vietnamese public to raise awareness about the lack of development within ethnic tribes. It contains statistic from the Agricultural Ministry about the harsh condition of the tribes, as well as quotes and stories from local people which can be valuable. Although most data are properly cited, the stories and quotation can be made up completely since there is no specific author. Translation from Vietnamese to English might be incomplete and cause unreliability while many other sources are in foreign languages that are unfamiliar.
The population of a community is vital to ensure that the needs of that community are met. A greater population allows for a larger vote in a democracy meaning a higher probability of attaining what that population wants. Indigenous communities were left hopeless when European settlers took over and slashed the numbers of their community making it impossible for them to ever overpower the Canadian government. The book “Clearing the Plains” by James Daschuk explains this critical period of time in which the population of Indigenous people dwindled based on the political, economic and ecological circumstances that were evident creating a society where Indigenous people lost their say, however Daschuk fails to mention the effects this population deflation has on society today and the racism that our society has perpetrated on Indigenous people.
The forgotten people of Ocean Island, the Banabans, had their island mined away from under them and had their island taken from them during World War II. They have transformed their culture into a whole new way and continue to live in the hope that one day they can live the way that their ancestors once did. This is the case of many places around the world that have been colonized. Colonization is not beneficial to developing countries because it brings diseases, it overthrows traditions, it upsets resources, and it separates families.
Colonialism transformed the indigenous life of the Yanomami, the Maasai, the Hawai’ians, the Aborigines and hundreds of other indigenous peoples. Industrialization moved humanity beyond the “world in which people mattered to a world in which they are expendable” (Wolfe). Today, still entrenched in the imperialistic ideology of colonialism by modern forms of globalization, nation states noisily quarrel over the rights to exploit both land and people for economic power without regard to indigenous existence. Non-Hawaiian haoles crudely render false historical interpretations of their “settler society” as a blessed yoke of “civilization” to the pitiful “feudal” Hawaiians (Trask). Some indigenous people attempt to assimilate, as “for years [one Aboriginal man] had ‘sweetened’ himself up just like tea, trying to make himself and others understood [to invading Western cultures]’” but “‘nothing been come back. Just nothing’” (Rose 195). Without political muscle, indigenous people are forced to promote ecologically harmful projects, such as hydroelectric dam proposals, to survive within the paradigm of the Western world.
Indigenous people around the world have been affected by colonization, Christianization, and the advancement of technologies and development more than any other group. This has caused untold harm as Native peoples have suffered staggering rates of poverty, violence, and suicide. The Native people have not given up. Many indigenous people from tribes around the world are standing up and saying “no more”. They are reclaiming their heritage, their language, traditions, and spirituality and sharing it with the world to encourage a healthier, more balanced way of being.
According to Shah, indigenous people are those who have historical belonging to a particular region or country before its colonization or transformation into a nation state. Indigenous people may have different cultural, linguistic, traditional and other characteristics to those of the dominant culture of that region or state. There are approximately 40,000,000 people in Latin America that belong to almost 600 different indigenous groups. According to World Bank figures, 12.76% of the entire American population and approximately 40% of the rural population is indigenous. However, “Indigenous peoples around the world have sought recognition of their identities, their ways of life and their right to traditional lands, territories and natural resources; yet throughout history, their rights have been violated. Indigenous peoples are arguably among the most disadvantaged and vulnerable groups of people in the world today. The international community now recognizes that special measures are required to protect the rights of the world’s indigenous peoples” (UNPFII).
Beauvais, Fred. “Spotlight on Special Populations. American Indians and Alcohol.” Alcohol Health & Research World 22.4 (1998): 253-259. CINAHL Plus with Full Text. Web. 23 July 2014.
Colonialism is not the only factor in the oppression of the rights and freedoms of the Indigenous peoples. It is also the bills and laws that have or attempted to have been passed by the government of Canada; effectively removing Indigenous communities from their deserved lands, in an attempt to further advance the non – Indigenous populations development in Canada.
To begin, the term colonialism is defined in the dictionary as “control by one country over another and its people”. Throughout history colonialism has confounded and damaged numerous cultures and people. Indigenous people have undergone a series of massive modifications to their culture as well as spiritual beliefs and morals and obligations they’ve held since before the first coming of Western cultures. In regards to this, there are many concerns of loss of culture among several different groups.
The Indigenous Peoples Movement works to acquire legal protection and works to raise awareness towards the indigenous peoples’ causes globally. Indigenous peoples are generally defined as individuals who belong to a highly conservative, culturally and linguistically different non-dominant social group,—distinct from the modernly dominant society—hoping to maintain that separation with the superior culture. In addition, their cultures and traditional practices have been harmed over the centuries—complications arising from the European colonial era; still, many negative affections remain influencing their economic situations in the modern century. Indigenous peoples, who have been pushed into poor economic statuses due to the expansions of the
Handbook of Development and Relief where it stresses that every human being has the right
McMichael, Philip, ed 2012. Development and Social Change: A Global Perspective, 5th ed. London: Sage Publications, Inc.
The rise of development theory has been an interesting phenomenon. In the latter half of the 20th century, many theorists have tried to explain the origins of "under-development." The debate over the idea of development has been intense, and has led to the emergence of two contending paradigms: Modernization theory and dependency theory. Upon close investigation, one realizes that both theories are problematic. This paper is based on readings of Escobar, Martinussen, Cruise O'Brien, and Pieterse. The purpose of this paper is to chronicle the origins and growth of development discourse, and to show how both paradigms share three flaws: an economist approach to social change, and an ethnocentric and teleological worldview of development, and the perceived universal application of the West's development experience throughout the developing world.
...terate and powerless in various areas of their life. People need to be empowered by being resistant to these processes and participate in building viable economic and political alternatives. Their should be massive reforms on people’s basic needs and welfare and not on the policies that favor international capital. Global imperialism should be replaced with global democratic governance of the people, especially who are vulnerable to exploitation in the developing nations. Their should be social justice and a control of means of production, which can be achieved through democratic empowerment because globalization disempowers the people by displacing their productive forces. People should be given the right to make decisions on their own, and especially women who have proved through their ambition of working hard and contributing significantly to the countries GDP.
The Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines development as the act or process of growing or causing something to grow larger or more advanced. We live in a world that is continuously developing, in ways that we cannot even begin to try to describe. Nonetheless, The World Bank measures indicators of development. To do this, they look at three-hundred and thirty-one different indicators which cover a vast number of areas, including agriculture, aid effectiveness, climate change, economic policy, education, energy and mining, environment, the financial sector, poverty, science and technology, social development, and urban development. The World Bank’s World Development Indicators data is has been used for over fifty years as the standard by which development is measured. While this list may seem like a comprehensive, all-inclusive list, it does not consider the idea of sustainable development. While development for the sake of advancement may seem like a good option for an undeveloped country, it can be argued that development that is not sustainable is not development at all, but merely the illusion of one.
in relation to development. Development is explained by the Oxford Dictionary as the process of developing or developed in a specified state of growth or advancement. Underdeveloped as according to the Oxford Dictionary is ‘not fully developed or not advanced economically’ which is meant for a country or a region. We can certainly see the difference between underdeveloped and developed where the changing situation emerges from the economic point of view. To be more specific, worlds within world were created i.e. the nomenclature of First World and Third World came into picture. The First World is said to be the industrialised, capitalist countries of Western Europe, North America, Japan, Australia, and New Zealand who are developed (as explained in the definition). The Third World includes the developing countries of- Asia, Africa and Latin America who are still in the mode of developing. Normally we understand the situation of underdevelopment is because the third world was under the colonies or the colonial rule for a certain period of time and lags behind the first world in every aspects like- social, economical, political, technological advancements which are yet to be seen in the third world fully like the first world. In this paper we will talk about various theorists from - Karl Marx (capitalism and class conflict), Kay and Amin (merchant capitalism, colonialism and neo-colonialism), Vladimir Lenin (imperialism), Andre Gunder Frank (third world dependency), Lipton (urban bias) and dependency theory. Here in this paper we will try to explain and understand the relevance of the various underdevelopment theories and different attributes related to it terms of the Indian Context.