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Bismarck roles in the unification of Germany
Strategies of Bismarck
Bismarck roles in the unification of Germany
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In the late 1800s, Chancellor Otto Von Bismarck used different strategical plans in order to gain as much power possible, the majority of the plans consisted of him taking advantage of the different political parties. Bismarck used many traditional political strategies in order to gain the power he craved for, such as creating harsh laws and prohibiting certain beliefs or ideas. Unfortunately, these strategies did not satisfy the people, so Bismarck later started to increase the welfare of the working class, apologized to the Socialists, and did much more to obtain more political strength which eventually created a new conservatism. In an effort to increase political power for the Kaiser, Chancellor Otto Von Bismarck uses liberal and traditional Bismarck’s government first passed four laws starting reasonably with the abolishment of restrictions on civil rights based on religious beliefs, but later descending to an irrational law stating that social-democratic, Socialist, and communist endeavors are to be prohibited (doc 1). In an attempt to gain more power for himself, Chancellor Otto Von Bismarck naturally created this series of laws to diminish the power within religious organizations. Additionally, in response to Bismarck’s unjust governing, Wilhelm Liebknecht made a speech stating that there is no point in sending a candidate to Reichstag if the government has the power to eradicate that candidate if they oppose his viewpoints (doc 2). As a German Socialist of the Social-Democratic Party, Wilhelm Liebknecht naturally wanted to maintain the fair amount of power that the Social-Democratic Party originally held, but Bismarck and the government were willing to deprive the powerful political party of their rights in order to gain more power for themselves. Lastly, a political cartoon published in 1879 displayed Chancellor Otto Von Bismarck steering the helm of a boat, but on the helm were the names of political parties implying his negative treatment to each of them (doc 4). In the satirical German magazine where the political cartoon, “At the Helm”, was published, the For example, in Herman Wagener’s memorandum, or private letter, to Otto Von Bismarck, he gave recommendations on strategies to strengthen the army and essentially gain more dominance and power (doc 3). Herman Wagener, being a conservative politician, advised Bismarck in the private letter that he shift the masses’ opinion while strengthening the power and reliability of the army. Also, Kaiser Wilhelm 1 made a speech to Reichstag proposing that they enforce “... the repression of Social Democratic excesses ...” (doc 5) and also promote workers’ welfare. This German Emperor, Kaiser Wilhelm 1, made his speech to Reichstag naturally hoping to influence the parliament to support Bismarck by saying that they need to convict the socialists in order to cure defects which will lead to more support from many people and more power. In addition, in 1884 Bismarck spoke in support of the Socialists, in support of their ideas, and apologized for the proposal that the government tried to win more support for the Anti-Socialist law (doc 6). Bismarck made this speech in support of the Socialists in order to gain their support to increase his dominance and power. Finally, Eugen Richter wrote a newspaper article in 1890 explaining Chancellor Otto Von
Research will be drawn from many sources including several historical studies and online articles. The sources used revolve around Bismarck's attitudes and actions toward German unification and general policy. Sources include works by historians A.J.P. Taylor and James Wycliffe Headlam. The policies of Bismarck during the interwar period were researched as well, through several scholastic journals and written works.
The main political changes that the Nazi Party or the NSDAP endured during the period of November, 1923 until January 1933 was its rise from a small extreme right party to a major political force. It is vitally important that the reasons behind this rise to power also be examined, to explain why the NSDAP was able to rise to the top. However first a perspective on the Nazi party itself is necessary to account for the changing political fortunes of the Nazi Party.
The setting was perfect as the people of Germany were primed and ready for any leader that would tickle their ears with what they were wanting to hear. World War I was over (#4) and the people of Germany were in an economic depression that crippled the country. The German mark had lost so much value that it took a wheelbarrow full of money to buy a loaf of bread. A good portion of the youth in Germany were raised in fatherless homes. In an article written by Dr. Alice Hamilton, she says this about Hitler's youth: "They were children during the years of the war when the food blockade kept them half starved, when fathers were away at the front and mothers distracted with the effort to keep their families fed. They came to manhood in a country which seemed to have no use for them. Even compulsory military training was no more and there was nothing to take its place" (Perry et. al 358). Hitler, being the sleazy opportunist that he was, capitalized on this state of affairs. In ways that were not politically correct, he was able to influence this segment of the population and hold them in allegiance to his agenda. "Hitler made each insignificant, poverty stricken, jobless youth of the slums feel himself as of the great of the earth, since the youth was a German, a Nordic, far superior to the successful Jew who was driven out of office and counting house to make place for the youth and his like" (Perry et. al 359). The following is an example of how Hitler coerced and manipulated people and how we as managers and leaders can learn from his mistakes. This essay will also address how we can effectively influence people and earn their loyalty. In order to effectively influence peopl...
When Otto von Bismarck was recalled from Paris to become Minister-President of Prussia in 1862, German nationalism was already more than 40 years old. First apparent in the opposition to Napoleon´s occupation of the German states, national feeling grew into a movement after 1815. This feeling was encouraged by a growth of interest in German literature and music and by increased economic cooperation between the north German states. By 1848 it was strong enough to make the creation of a united Germany one of the main demands of the revolutionaries. Otto von Bismarck was a Prussian patriot who inherited the traditions of love of king, army and country from his family.
Caprivi attempted to work more closely with the Reichstag than previous Chancellors, and sought to lift the anti-Socialist laws imposed upon the country by Bismarck in 1878, such as the banning of trade unions, and by 1912, the trade unions would represent over 2 million German workers. Caprivi also attempted to destroy the reliance of German agriculture on import tariffs and boost industrial exports. The elites saw this as an attack against them, as the Junkers were enraged with the reduction of their farmers’ incomes due to cheaper produce becoming available from abroad, and the Industrialists vastly opposed the emergence of socialism and trade unions, which would severely damage their profits. This led to the Junkers and Industrialists putting enormous amounts of pressure upon Wilhelm to remove Caprivi, especially through the use of protests by the Agrarian League. Caprivi was forced to resign in 1894. The power of the elites to control German politics can also be seen in the adoption of both Weltpolitik and Sammlungspolitik. Despite the previous argument that these policies were the ideas of the Kaiser, it can be argued that they were actually implemented by the elites for their own benefits. Firstly, the adoption of Weltpolitik required the building of battleships to bolster the strength of the German navy, and some ships, such as the SMS Schleswig-Holstein, cost
Prussian Chancelor Bismarck formed a new German empire out of multiple small German states around a Prussian Core because France and Austria-Hungary might act to destroy Germany because of their recent defeats. He also wanted a careful series of alliances and foreign policy decisions to stabilize Europe until Germany becomes an established fact. Bismarck wanted to have an alliance with other countries and he knew that France were not one of them because of the hatred and anger they have over the German control of Alsace-Lorraine.
However, the consensus view of Carsten and similar historians writing at the time is that the far-left were not as politically strong as first thought, so consequently there was a lack of any serious opposition to the established order and in turn they were allowed to have more independence and self-determination in implementing Germany’s first republic. So the social basis for a constitutional government in Germany is a lot more widespread than previously thought. Furthermore, the apprehensiveness of the social democrats can be interpreted in terms of distrusting the unstructured mass movements that existed in the pressing post-war years, and placing their trust in the old elites. However, works such as Feldman’s, ‘The Great Disorder’. The German inflation 1914 – 1924’ argue that the perspective representative potential of soldiers and workers unions and councils were in fact decisively contentious.
The general public of Germany had never had any say in political matters; they allowed the Kaiser to make all the decisions regarding themselves and their once-prosperous country. The groups controlling Germany began to change during October and November 1918. More power began to fall into the hands of the people as they realised the blame for their involvement in the war was the Kaiser’s. People such as the armed soldiers, sailors and workers started protesting and going on strike. This was a far cry from before the war, when Germany was wealthy, proud and ambitious. So for a brief period, it seemed that a revolution would take place, with the people of Germany wanting a social and political revolution.
For example, Ernst Troeltsch, the leader of the German Democratic Party published in a magazine of public affairs, that said that democracy would be inevitable due to the current situation of Germany and that as Germans, they should secure the democracy internally along democratic ideals (Doc. 1). The reason why he might have said this is because he is a leader of the German Democratic Party, and it would be his responsibility to spread positive ideology about the republic. Another reason might have been to counter the opposing views, which is why Troeltsch published it a magazine of public affairs, to spread the democratic ideals. Furthermore, Carl von Ossietzky says that the real threat of Germany is the lack of “ideas in the concept of the German Republic” as well as the people not fulling believing in the gov’t to be a real threat to Germany as well (Doc. 4). This shows how he supports the current gov’t since he believes that the people of Germany are risking their nation with the lack of faith in their gov’t. In addition, Heinrich Mann shows his anti-Nazi views in his writing “The German Decision”, such as saying that the Nazi were deceiving the German people and taking advantage of the current economic situations that the people were in (Doc.
...er of dividing and attacking his enemies one by one. He would win over people with tempting promises. In conclusion Racism,National pride and peer pressure played a major role in the German peoples participation in or indifference’s towards the state-sponsored genocide and murders in Germany.
German imperialism, though mainly isolated to Africa it has had a colossal impact on the world as it is today. The effects of their policies, atrocities and advancements cannot be measured.(Lynn pg.20) The effects they had stretch from directly influencing the First World War, and as minuscule as reorganizing world borders. Their massacre of indigenous peoples at Woohvi, and other colonies taught the world what monsters can lay beneath a clean cut surface. Also their advancements in military tactics and technology as well as trade and commerce are still models that people look to today. It was for the good of the fatherland they said, but is the advancement of a culture truly worth the loss of another? This was not a question the Germans asked of themselves when laying waste to the culture and peoples that had the misfortune of residing in their African holdings.
... said. He had this obsession about keeping the Germans pure and he also he explained that Germany is. After he got out of jail he took advantage of the status to rise and eventually he was named Chancellor of Germany.
German people were unused to a democracy and blamed the government “November criminals”, for signing the Treaty of Versailles. From the very beginning, the new Weimar government faced opposition from both sides of the political spectrum. The Left wing Spartacist group, lead by Liebknecht and Luxemburg, looked up to the new Soviet councils in Russia, wanted to place Germany into a similar system.
“Bismarck and German Nationalism.” The American Historical Review Vol. 60, No.3 (1955): pg. 78. 548-556.
Adolf Hitler’s mind was in many ways “complicated.” He was known to have suffered many illnesses ranging from hypertension, headaches, problems with his vision, to abdominal spasms. All of these sicknesses and disabilities could have caused him to not think “clearly,” but the list of his issues goes on and it is believed by some that they are the root cause for the Holocaust and the inhumane actions of Hitler. Hitler growing up unrecognized and insignificant caused him to create a growing need for attention, recognition, and power and these needs only continued to increase with age, but with age came these physical problems and psychological problems such as sadism, anti-Semitism, and national socialism (Nazism). Hitler developed power, but used it for awful things that cannot be blamed on him hearing noises and other “illnesses” he had.