Dative Bonding Essay

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DATIVE DATING

Quick Introduction to covalent bonding
A covalent bond is a chemical bond formed between two atoms that shares one pair of electrons. The atoms are maintained together since the pair of electrons is attracted to both atoms’ nuclei. In this covalent bond there are two types of covalent bonding. They are single covalent bond and double covalent bond. A single covalent bond is a covalent bond that involves the sharing of one pair of electrons between two atoms. On the other hand, a double covalent bond is a covalent bond that involves the sharing of two pairs of electrons. An example of atom involving in double covalent bond is an oxygen molecule.

Introduction to dative bonding
Dative bonding, also widely known as coordinate bonding, is a type of covalent bond that is formed between two atoms where the shared pair of electrons is donated by only one of the atoms. So in simpler words, it means that one of the two atoms bonded together contributes all of the shared electrons. Dative bonding occur when one atom doesn’t have a full outer shell, also known as the acceptor atom, while the other has a full outer shell as well as at least one unshared electron pair, also known as the donor atom. The condition for the formation of dative bonding is that the donor atom should have lone of pair electrons meaning it should be an electron rich species. On the other hand, the acceptor atom must have the ability of holding that pair of electrons, in other words, it should be an electron deficient species. Most polyatomic cations and anions contain covalent and coordinate covalent bonds.

Examples of dative bonding
• Ammonia with hydrogen chloride
One example of dative bonding can be when ammonia reacts with hydrogen chloride. When...

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...ceptor. So this means that the interaction between the Lewis acid metal center in Nickel II perchlorate, Ni(ClO4)2 and the Bronsted base ammonia, NH3, will create a complex. Complex in here means it is a molecular existence formed by two or more element entities (ionic or neutral), or the correlated chemical type. In simpler words, it means that it is a substance that is composed by two or more substances each that can be able to exist independently.

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Dative complexes or coordination complexes
Types of Ligands
Structure and Isomerism

Characteristics of dative bond
A dative bond’s characteristics are almost identical to the characteristic of the covalent bond. They have low melting point and boiling point. They also do not conduct electricity in liquid or in dissolved state. They are more soluble in non-aqueous solvents.

Structure of dative bond

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