In 1700's, one of the most brilliant minds of physics, mathematics and medicine was born. Daniel Bernoulli was born into the family of the leading mathematician Johann Bernoulli on February 8, 1700. Since the beginning, Daniel Bernoulli was surrounded by mathematics and great talent from his father and his brother—also his archenemy—Jacob Bernoulli. Albeit, one would think his father would have given him plenty of support for being a mathematician, he didn't. Johann Bernoulli forced his son to study medicine for he believed that being a mathematician brought no good fortune; nevertheless, Daniel Bernoulli beat all odds. After convincing his father to give him a few lessons in mathematics, he became one of the greatest physicists of the century; publishing many discoveries.
During his tenure of medical studies, Daniel became interested in the work of William Harvey, On the Movement of Heat and Blood in Animals. Harvey suggested that the heart was like a pump that forced blood like fluid through the arteries. This findings marked the beginnings of Daniel's interest in fluid dynamics (Miller, 2011).
In 1720, he traveled to Venice to study medicine but ended up working in mathematics. After winning the annual contest at the Paris academy for an hourglass that would continue to give the exact hour even under constant movement, Bernoulli was invited to Saint Petersburg by Catherine I of Russia. According to Allali and Bui, the next few years in Russia would be his most prosperous and productive. For instance, he worked with Leonhard Euler and helped him discover the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. The theory was a simplified version of the linear theory of elasticity. It provided the means to calculate the load carrying and deflect...
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...ydrodynamica developed on theories of watermills, windmills, water pumps and propellers and distinguished between hydrostatic and hydrodynamic pressure, or pressure when fluid is static and when it is moving.
Daniel Bernoulli might have had a rough dad compared to the rest of us. Johann Bernoulli banned his son from his household after he won the same prize as he did for the Paris Academy of Sciences Contest and followed by plagiarizing his work Hydrodynamica with Hydraulica. Daniel's family context was horrendous; nevertheless, it didn't stop Daniel Bernoulli from becoming a sublime scientist. His discoveries on the Bernoulli principle became the general principle of hydrodynamics and is of principle importance to modern aeronautics. One is grateful for the time shortened by Daniel; for at that time, six months was the time to get from one continent to the other.
In 1615 at the age of 37 Harvey became the Lumleian Lecture specializing in Surgery. William Harvey discovered his finding of the Circulation of Blood by ignoring medical textbooks and dissecting animals. He gained all or most of his learnings from observations of cutting open veins and arteries of living animals. Many people of this modern time thought because there weren’t any anesthetics that Harvey was cruel for cutting open living animals. I think that if it wasn’t for William Harvey and all of his studies and dissections that we wouldn’t be able to learn teach and save as many people as we can today. We as people have learned a lot from the many studies and dissections throughout Harvey’s lifetime. We have learned that blood, arteries, and veins are all within the same origin, blood in the arteries sent to the tissues are not stay there, the body‘s circulation mechanism was designed for the movement of liquid and that blood carrying air is still blood, the heart moves all movements of blood not the liver, hearts contract the same time as the pulse is felt, ventricle’s squeeze blood into main arteries, the pulse is formed by blood being pushed into arteries making them bigger, there are no vessels in the heart’s septum, lastly there is no to in from of blood in the veins there is only
In the time when he was studying medicine, he made a very important science discovery that started his career. One day at church service on Sunday he looked up at a lamp and the lamp was swinging on a long cord back and forth. Its swing was very regular and he used his own pulse to measure the sing. He noticed even as the swing grew shorter the amount of time for a single was the same. Later he went home and conducted many experiments with different lengths and weights. Then he concluded that the string length affected the swing. Soon he created the pendulum and used the same principle to make a pulsilogia which is a device that measures your pulse (Hightower 17-20).
Sir Isaac Newton, the man that helped people figure out why things move and how they move, had a very interesting life. In the beginning of his early life, he dealt with hardships, and progressed to be an extremely inspiring man later in his life. In college he had many breakthroughs with his scientific works, including the laws of physics that we still use today. His life has answered many of people’s scientific questions that are still being asked today in physics’ classrooms all around the world. His discoveries have helped people for over 350 years to know and understand why things move the way they move, and stop the way they stop. Newton’s works comprise of the Principia and many other important publishing’s that he started when he was just in college. Newton’s life was full of discoveries, from his life as a minor to the years later in his life when he became an important individual in the government and changed the world, as we know it today.
Robert Boyle was a very well known scientist, born in January 27, 1627 and died in 1691. He was influenced in science at the age of 14 after travelling and studies in Europe. He returns from Europe in 1644 and he was very interest in science by then. He builds his laboratory in Oxford and London and starts his research. He studies nature chemical and natural color, and he was the first person to publish his work in detail. Boyle studied the behavior of the volume of gas and the pressure and state that if the volume of a gas decrease, the pressure increase. ...
In 1583, Galileo went to the University of Pisa to study medicine. He didn’t like medicine, but he did enjoy math and physics. After going to a Geometry lecture, Galileo decided to dedicate himself to math. He would soon have to leave the university, without a degree, because of money.
...ibutions to analytic geometry, algebra, and calculus. In particular, he discovered the binomial theorem, original methods for expansion of never-ending series, and his “direct and inverse method of fluxions.”
It is no mystery that without the Ancient Greeks, math as we know it today would not be the same. It is mind blowing to think that people who had no access to our current technology and resources are the ones who came up with the basic principles of the mathematics that we learn and use today without any preceding information on the topic. One of the best examples of such a person is Archimedes. Not only did he excel as a physicist, inventor, engineer, and astronomer, but he is still known today as one of the greatest mathematicians of all time. His contributions to the field laid out many of the basics for what we learn today and his brilliance shocked many. Long after his time, mathematicians were still stumped as to how he reached the genius conclusions that he did. Nicknamed “The Wise One,” Archimedes is a person who can never be forgotten.
William Harvey was born on April 1, 1578, in Folkestone, England. At the age of sixteen, Harvey enrolled in Gonville and Caius College in Cambridge where he obtained a bachelor's degree in 1597. He went on to study medicine under Hieronymus Fabricius at the University of Padua in Italy. Fabricius was involved in the study of blood flow in the body, which motivated Harvey to research this branch as well. After moving to England, William Harvey was appointed as a personal physician to King Charles (Britannica). Within his study of blood, Harvey was able to form the theory of the circulation of blood through the body, which he published in ‘On the Motion of the Heart and Blood in Animals', in 1628. The book brought Harvey fame and made him a respected name in science. During his experiments, William Harvey became skeptical of pr...
No other scholar has affected more fields of learning than Blaise Pascal. Born in 1623 in Clermont, France, he was born into a family of respected mathematicians. Being the childhood prodigy that he was, he came up with a theory at the age of three that was Euclid’s book on the sum of the interior of triangles. At the age of sixteen, he was brought by his father Etienne to discuss about math with the greatest minds at the time. He spent his life working with math but also came up with a plethora of new discoveries in the physical sciences, religion, computers, and in math. He died at the ripe age of thirty nine in 1662(). Blaise Pascal has contributed to the fields of mathematics, physical science and computers in countless ways.
Archimedes (287BC-212BC) was truly one of the greatest mathematical minds of all time. The discoveries and inventions of Archimedes formed the basis of many of the fundamental concepts of modern physics and mathematics.
Born in France on March 31st, 1596, Rene Descartes grew to be known as ‘The Father of Modern Philosophy”. Not only was Rene a philosophical man but he contributed greatly to Mathematics and his ideas have influenced our daily lives in a productive way. DesCartes was raised in a very religious christian family, his father was a member of the parliament and strongly believed in education at a young age. DesCartes studied at the Jesuit college at the mere age of eight. As a child and throughout his adulthood physical incapabilities enabled DesCartes to function as swift or promptly as his peers. Growing up and until the day of his death, Descartes’s health was always a major precaution he was forced to remain aware of. The Jesuit college granted him the immunity of resting in mornings before class. It was this education that led him to contribute philosophical and mathematical theories and devices that still hold a great value to mathematicians and everyday people even today in the 21st century. From a very young age he had interests in mathematics and analytical geometry. Descartes’s contributions to modern day society were affected by his young adulthood, soon he created mathematical and scientific ideas, and lastly philosophical ideas.
One of Boyle’s biggest contributions to science was telling people how they should use the scientific method in research.“He was the first person to write specific experimental guidance for other scientists, telling them the importance of achieving reliable, repeatable results.” He also emphasized how people should repeat their own experiments to get more accurate results. Throughout his research he continually looked back on Galileo’s work. Galileo believed the world could be explained through mathematics. Later on Boyle went on to prove that air follows mathematical laws. This discovery is known as Boyle’s Law. Boyle’s Law is a gas law stating the relationship between volume and pressure while temperature is held a constant. He also stated how the movement of particles affects
Euler was born in Basel, Switzerland where he was destined to be a clergyman. Yet, it was obvious that Euler had a different calling in life. His aptitude for mathematics was evident even in his early life. His propensity for higher learning was so great that he studied with Johann Bernoulli, who was Jakob’s brother, as a young boy. His time with Johann urged his sense of mathematic discovery. Euler attended University of Basel where he earned his Master’s degree while he was still a teenager. While at the school he barely learned any mathematics because the school was basically a poor school. Due to his own mathematic curiosity and Johann’s private lessons, at the under-ripened age of 16, Euler became a college graduate with a Master’s degree. His curiosity in mathematics allowed Euler to study the works of other brilliant ...
The Bernoulli family had eight significant and important mathematicians, starting with Jacob Bernoulli, born in 1654. Though there was a great deal of hatred and jealousy between the Bernuollis, they made many remarkable contributions in mathematics and science and helped progress mathematics to become what it is today. For example, Daniel discovered a way to measure blood pressure that was used for 170 years, which advanced the medical field. Daniel’s way of measuring pressure is still used today to measure the air speed of a plane. Without the Bernoulli family’s contributions and advancements to calculus, probability, and other areas of mathematics and science, mathematics would not be where it is now.
A major leap in understanding fluid mechanics began with the European Renaissance of the 14th–17th centuries. The famous Italian painter–sculptor, Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519), was one of the first to document basic laws such as the conservation of mass. He sketched complex flow fields, suggested feasible configurations for airplanes, parachutes, and even helicopters, and introduced the principle of streamlining to reduce drag. During the next couple of hundred years, the sciences were gradually developed and then suddenly accelerated by the rational mathematical approach of an Englishman, Sir Isaac Newton (1642–1727), to physics. Apart from the basic laws of mechanics, and particularly the second law connecting acceleration with force, the concepts for drag and shear in a moving fluid were developed by Newton, and his principles are widely used today.