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Importance of genetics in medicine
Future use of the human genome project
Future of the human genome project
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DNA and Gene Sequencing
Introduction
DNA and Gene Sequencing began in the mid-1970s. At this time, scientists could only sequence a few pairs of genes per year. They could not sequence enough to make up a single gene, much less the whole human genome. (DNA Sequencing) Beginning in the 1990s only a few labs had been able to sequence a mere 100,00 gene bases and the costs for sequencing were extremely high. Since then improvemetns in technology have incresed the speed and decresed the cost of gene sequencing to the point where some labs have sequenced well over 100 million DNA bases per year. (DNA Sequencing)
The Human Genome Project , or HGP, was created to help develop new and better tools for making gene hunts faster, cheaper, and practical for almost any scientist. The tools created by this project included genetic maps, physical maps, and DNA sequence maps. The greatest achievement of the HGP was their success in sequencing the entire length of human DNA, referred to as the human genome. With the sequencing of the human genome complete, HGP was able to go on to sequence the genes of several key organisms, like mice, mosquitos, and plants like mustard weed and rice.(Figure 1) The simplicity of the genetic structure of these organisms makes them perfect for future technology development. (DNA Sequencing)
Providing a reference sequence for the human genome and of the human genome is an astonishing achievement in the field of Gene Sequecing, further advancements in sequencing technology will have to be made so large amounts of DNA can be worked on and compared with other genomes quickly and inexpensively. Scientists need to know the sequences of multiple different gene bases because it tells them what sort of genetic informati...
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...Jauregui, Lupski and Gibbs)
Works Cited
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Porter, Sandra. Basics: How do you sequence a genome? Part IV. How many reads does it take? 30 January 2007. 28 March 2014 .
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Wetterstrand, Kris. DNA Sequencing Costs. 17 February 2014. 17 March 2014 .
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The PBS documentary “Nova – Cracking Your Genetic Code” tells about the genome sequencing technology: its current possibilities, advantages, disadvantages and future potential. The system became cheaper, faster and more available since the first human genome was fully sequenced in 2000. Modern companies use the technology to provide clients with the information about their genes and impacts they can have on owners’ health. Hospitals can provide more accurate diagnosis and personalized treatments with the aid of the genome sequencing. The video shows several examples of these benefits. But it mentions concerns about the quality of services, risks of exaggerated
Psychguide (2016). Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Symptoms, Causes and Effects. Retrieved August 20, 2016, from http://psychguides.com
Many things have impacted both the Science and Medical fields of study. Electrophoresis and DNA Sequencing are two of these things. Together they have simultaneously impacted both of these fields. On one hand, there is Electrophoresis. Electrophoresis is a specific method of separating molecules by their size through the application of an electric field. It causes molecules to migrate at a rate and distance dependent on their size. On the other hand, there is DNA Sequencing. DNA Sequencing is a technique used to determine the exact sequence of bases
Cummings, Michael J. To a Mouse (Robert Burns) a Study Guide. March 2010. 15 March 2010 .
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"Zoologist Salary - How Much Does Zoologists Make?" The Richest We Follow Money The Extraordinary Zoologist Salary How Much Does Zoologists Make Comments. Web. 28 Mar. 2014.
In 1990, the first great stride of genetics took place. This was called the Human Genome Project, a large-scale operation that was designed to understand the human genome (genetic structure). Since its commencement, there have been many leaps and bounds that have taken place. For certain genetic issues that we once knew nothing about, we no...
Gene mapping is currently being used to identify genes that can put people at risk for illness and to help the development of new medicines. Scientists hope to use gene mapping to lead to advancement in medicines, the treatment to disease, and its aid in disease prevention. Genetic mapping was the initial step in the Human Genome Project (human genome project). The Human Genome Project identified thousands of DNA sequences and located important standards they called landmarks. Scientist use these landmarks to tell them where each fragment of DNA came from. These maps would be used to locate sick genes, diseases, or abnormal genes (genome.gov).
Paabo’s team, from Leipzig, Germany, used a method of amino acid content as a way of measuring extractible DNA from the bones. The amino acid method was a...
Rincon, Paul. "Mouse genome laid bare to science." BBC News. N.p., 27 May 2009. Web. 26 Nov. 2013.
Ridley, M. (1999). Genome: The Autobiography of a Species in 23 Chapters. New York: HarperCollins.
The use of genetic sequencing in the medical field has innumerable possibilities; genomic medicine, as this new field is now called, will enable the human race to make immense advances in understanding how our genetic heredity makes us susceptible to some illnesses and immune to others. The detection of diseases with a high rate of heredity is just one facet of the gem that is genomics; once researchers are able to map out all of the vital components and rare alleles that sometimes play a large factor in disease, it will be possible to target these specific gene combinations, functional elements, and alleles. Because of the fact that protein, produced by our cells’ ribosomes, has an effect on the pathways that help express our inherited traits, it is important that we understand the relationship between DNA and protein, and how this affects the phenotype of an individual’s genetic attributes. For example, sickle-cell anemia is caused by a flaw in one nitrogenous base sequence in DNA. This flaw then translates into RNA, then into amino acids that determine the phenotype that the subject will have. The discrepancy in something as minute as a nitrogenous base and one amino acid makes the difference between a healthy, normal life and a life ...
The Human Genome Project is essential for the human race to advance. With the ability to decimate human disease and even boost food resources, people will increase life expectancy alongside decreasing the percent of people around the world who go hungry each day. There can even be limits placed on Legal aspects of The Human Genome Project results that appease civil rights activists and will preserve ethics and diversity while still improving mankind. Humans will never have to fear disease or hunger. The future looks bright for all of mankind.
The scientific and medical progress of DNA as been emense, from involving the identification of our genes that trigger major diseases or the creation and manufacture of drugs to treat these diseases. DNA has many significant uses to society, health and culture of today. One important area of DNA research is that used for genetic and medical research. Our abi...
"Adenosine - What Is Adenosine?" Adenosine - What Is Adenosine? N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Mar. 2014.