Cyber Attacks

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On April 27, 2007 cyber-attacks began crippling key infrastructures of banks, ministries, and newspapers. These attacks took place, in part, because of a statue. This statue is not just a two-meter tall man holding a helmet; this individual represents and symbolizes the lives lost in the Second World War. The statue has been under a lot of speculation and has torn the population of the country in half. Some believe the status is a symbol of Soviet, formerly Nazi, while some see this statue as symbol of Soviet victory over the Nazis and Russian claims Estonia. When the government decided to relocate the statue to Estonia’s capital, the worst riots the country has ever seen took place and this started vicious cyber-attacks (Jenik). One may ask if these attacks could be considered an act of war or just an occurrence that happened because the lack of security Estonia’s internet has.

First it is important to define what war is. War is defined by Clausewitz as: the use of force to achieve policy, hostile feelings and hostile intentions, an act of violence to compel others to submit your will, and sustained, organized, and collective violence (Forster). We can look at each of these characteristics individually to see if this case fits the definition of war. Since this case took place on the internet, however, we need to change the characteristics of war to cyber war. The characteristics of cyber war are: multiple entry points allow agility, anonymity, fast 15 minutes to breakdown society, and possible uses (Forster). While looking at the characteristics of cyber war it seems like this case fits this category of war.

In order to have cyber war the first characteristic is multiple entry points. This case there was multiple entry points; ...

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...es - Rediff.com Business." India Business News, Stock Market, Personal Finance, Economy - Rediff.com. 2 Aug. 2010. Web. 29 Mar. 2011. .

Jenik, Aviram. "Cyberwar in Estonia and the Middle East." Geeks Informed. Web. 29 Mar. 2011. .

Forster, Peter “Power, Use of Force & Asymmetrical Conflict in the Information Age.” PowerPoint presentation. Penn State University, State College PA.

"Denial-of-Service: The Estonian Cyberwar and Its Implications for U.S. National Security." International Affairs Review. 4 Apr. 2009. Web. 29 Mar. 2011. .

Clinton, Hillary. Internet Rights and Wrongs. George Washington University. Washington, DC. 15 February 2011.

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