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INTRODUCTION It is said that people are the greatest assets to an organization and it is their beliefs, customs, perspectives, attitudes, and values that constitute to the culture that prevails in an organization. Culture, a very common word in today’s world, plays a very vital role in organizations and it not only affects an employee’s professional development but also their personal harmony. Culture gives a sense of belonging to people, a sense of who they are and how productive they are at their work place. It helps in interacting with each other at a work place. Culture varies from one organization to another as it is shaped by the values and beliefs of the people working there. As it progresses over the years, it takes form in such a way that it works or performs in a manner to regulate behavior, action and decision making processes within the organization. It not just includes written rules and regulations, but also the behavioral aspects faced by each one on a day to day basis. Organizational culture can be defined as the glue that holds an organization together through a sharing of patterns of meaning. The culture focuses on the values, beliefs, and expectations that members come to share (Siehl& Martin, 1984). Organizational culture helps to contribute towards achieving the organizational goals, decision making processes, job satisfaction, employee motivation etc. It helps in uniting the employees of an organization. Change in an organization occurs when an organization identifies an area of where necessary change must be undertaken, examines it thoroughly and adapts to it. This may lead to gaps where employees may not adapt to a certain change and therefore it is important that an organization takes into considerati... ... middle of paper ... ...Harris, Sarah V. Moran (2011). Managing Cultural Differences, Leadership Skills and Strategies for Working in a Global World. 8th ed. UK: Elsevier Inc.. 10-25. Gibson, D. E. & Barsade, S. G. 2003. “Managing Organizational Culture Change: The Case of Long-Term Care.” Journal of Social Work in Long-Term Care, Vol. 2(1,2), pp. 11-34. Jones, R.A., Jimmieson,N.L., and Griffiths, A. (2008). The Impact Of Organizational Culture and Reshaping Capabilities on Change Implementation Success: The Mediating Role of Readiness for Change. Journal of Management Studies, Vol.42, pp 362 -386 Lewin, K., “Group dynamics and social change” (1958) in: A. Etzioni, “Social change”, Basic Books Inc. Publishers, New York/London (1964) Dr. Michael A. McGinnis, C.P.M., A.P.P.. (). Change Management: Basic Skills for Purchasing Professionals. Peter Senge. (). The Fifth Discipline.
This, in turn, enhances their level of motivation and causes the employees to be more committed to their company. Culture is a sense-making device for organization members. It provides a way for employees to interpret the meaning of organizational events and reinforces the values in the organization. Culture also serves as a control mechanism for
Change is the only constant in life. And therefore it should be understood as part of a continuing work in progress that calls for a much broader canvas that seeks out competing voices, and works with the resulting ambiguities, contradictions and tensions of messy reality (Graetz, F. & Smith, A., 2010). In this submission I try to show that organizational change is majorly based on the environment surrounding it much more than the desire of the members or change agents working in that organization. This view diverts from that of Lippitt, (1958) who suggests that implementing planned organizational changes successfully depends on premeditated interventions intended to modify the functioning of an organization. It also diverts from the traditional approaches to organizational change that generally follow a linear, rational model in which the focus is on controllability under the stewardship of a strong leader or ‘guiding coalition (Collis, 1998). In this discussion therefore, comparison made between the different philosophies of change and I try to show that successful change implantation largely depends on an organizations appreciation of what goes on around it rather than what they have planned as a strategic direction.
First when looking at organizational culture it is important to define organizational culture. Organizational culture is what the employees perceive and how this perception creates a pattern of beliefs, values, and expectations.(Gibson, Ivancevich, Donnelly, & Konopaske, 2012, p. 31) Organizational culture starts with ownership and management setting the tone for the firm; the attitude of the organization. Organizational culture is further defined by ownership or managements setting of the goals of the firm. The organization may ask employees “why do you come to work every day?” They may ask, “What is the goal of the firm, from your perspective?” Questions like this help management align their culture with the perceived culture of the employees or groups within the organization.
Culture brings significant differences in the way of working, communicating, addressing relationships and so, it can positively or negatively affect the work environment.
The concept of organizational cultures was first raised in 1970s, and soon became a fashionable topic. Organizational culture is the shared beliefs, values and behaviours of the group. Theorists of organizations believe that organizational culture represents the pattern of behaviours, values, and beliefs of an organization. Hence, studies around organizational culture have been seen as great helpful and essential for understanding organizations and their behaviours. Additionally, organizational culture has been considered to be an important determinant of organizational success. Therefore, leaders and managers pay more than more attentions on this topic, focusing on constructing and managing organizational cultures.
Culture can be defined as “A pattern of basic assumptions invented, discovered or developed by a given group as it learns to cope with its problems of external adaptation and internal integration that has worked well enough to be considered valid, and therefore to be taught to the new members as the correct way to perceive, think and feel in relation to those problems”. Schein (1988). Organizational culture can be defined as a system of shared beliefs and values that develops within an organization and guides the behavior of its members. It includes routine behaviors, norms, dominant values, and feelings or climates. The purpose and function of this culture is to help foster internal integration, bring staff members from all levels of the organization closer together, and enhance their performance.
These above ingredients of culture are gained from birth which means anyone is much influenced by their family, religion, school, and workplace and from friends. Culture mainly stands for supporting role for almost overall success of organization not only that but also it reflects in the outcomes of an organization such as, quality and productivity, obligation and performance. Organizational culture has always been a question for everyone on how the culture and power are associated to an organization.
Culture can be defined as the beliefs, values and the pattern of behavior of an individual within designated areas. The culture of organizations defines shared values and behavioral expectations. Cultural issues are especially basic issues all around the globe. These issues can happen in various routes relying upon the size, area and the custom culture of that institution. Social issues happen even because of the states of mind and how each individual comprehend in diverse business environment. Today, the corporate administrations and rising business firms have chosen to give the essential attention on trainings and classes at the multicultural working environment that will help them to understand and create
From information gathering and research, organizational change management is similar in a way that psychology explores people’s behaviors in the workplace by creating theories and set of principles to compliant with the o...
The change process within any organization can prove to be difficult and very stressful, not only for the employees but also for the management team. Hayes (2014), highlights seven core activities that must take place in order for change to be effective: recognizing the need for change, diagnosing the change and formulating a future state, planning the desired change, implementing the strategies, sustaining the implemented change, managing all those involved and learning from the change. Individually, these steps are comprised of key actions and decisions that must be properly addressed in order to move on to the next step. This paper is going to examine how change managers manage the implementation of change and strategies used
In the business environment, culture is often perceived as “the way we do things around here” this includes : “the way we deal with customers” ; “the way we treat other employees”; and even the way leaders relate to, develop, give incentive and motivate people.” (Deal and Kennedy, 1982).
The concept of organizational culture is one of the most debated topics for researchers and theorists. There is no one accepted definition of culture. People even said that it is hard to define culture and even more change it. It is considered a complex part of an organization although many have believed that culture influences employee behavior and organizational effectiveness (Kilmann, Saxton, & Serpa 1985; Marcoulides & Heck, 1993; Schein, 1985a, 1990).
Frost, P. J., Moore, L. F., Louis, M. R., Lundberg, C. C. & Martin, J. (1991). Reframing Organizational Culture. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
The topic of organizational culture starts with defining organization that is a group of people working side by side in other to achieve a goal and this involves the culture, to have to enough knowledge to maintain a balance with cultures implementing the right tools in other to succeed. Through history we saw a lot of theories that talked differently in managing the organizational part and the people itself. Having in mind that the organizational cultures need to take in consideration de cultural, ethics and decision making techniques.
Organisational Culture is “consists of the norms, values and unwritten rules of conduct of an organisation as well as management, priorities, believes and inter-personal behaviour that prevail. Together they create a climate that influences how well people communicate, plan and make decisions”.- Larry Senn