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Cultural competence in counseling
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America is the greatest melting pot. Everywhere you look we are surrounded by rich and diverse cultures. Immigrants arriving in this country today are struggling to assimilate and still maintain their own individual identity. For instance, Elizabeth, my mother, was born in Italy and came to the United States when she was 11 years of age. When it was time for my mom to start school, the guidance office recommended to her foster parents remove any clothing, jewelry, or personal items that were not congruent with the American culture at that time. As I reflect on my mom’s experience, it must have been such a difficult transition not allowed to maintain her own culture identity.
Counseling a client from another culture, I believe it is the most beneficial experience in the world. My own personal theory on achieving the title of a culturally skilled counselor is to be sensitive to cultural differences of the client, while providing assistance blending into the American culture, and maintaining their own cultural identity. Counselors will require training and personal development to turn into a culturally skilled counselor. The program that I have proposed is two step processes which incorporate different components. The first step is counselor awareness and the other is client awareness.
Counselor awareness is a three step, self awareness discovery where a counselor works on establishing cultural identity, knowledge of race, and training. I call it discovery because researching a family history is a bit like being in a game of Clue. However, to make the process more simplified, begin questioning parents or grandparents about the culture. In 1991, the Association for Multicultural Awareness and Development (AMCD) i...
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... reasoning is that as a counselor we are trained in the art of measuring someone’s ability. However, the exception to the rule is when it comes to a child that is experiencing severe speech problems. Administrating a Diagnostic Evaluation of Phonology (ADEP) could help in assisting with their areas of weakness.
In conclusion, working with multicultural clients can be challenging and rewarding. From this essay, I’ve established that prior to a counselor entering the field to counsel multicultural clients. It’s imperative to apply the two rules that have been discussed in this essay.
References
Association for Multicultural Counseling Development. 1991. (AMCC). Journal for the Association for Multicultural Counseling and Development. April 1991.
From: http://www.counseling.org/Resources/Competencies/Cross-Cultural_Competencies_and_Objectives.pdf
The theoretical approach used to research the use of interpreters in counseling was a culturally grounded approach. According to Marsiglia and Kulis (2009) a culturally grounded approach embraces diversity and multiculturalism and also promotes a change that improves an individual or a group’s quality of life (p. 102-103). Farooq and Fear (2003) state that counseling is a social service that has been shown to need a culturally competent staff and the use of a culturally competent staff improves the quality of service the client receives. Social services are not always culturally competent (Marsiglia & Kulis, 2009). A culturally grounded approach in the research of the use of interpreters in counseling looks at how interpreters improve counseling service provided to clients who either speak English as a second language or do not speak English. The use of a culturally grounded a...
Multicultural knowledge includes counselors’ understanding of their own worldview, knowledge of cultural groups with whom the counselor works, and recognition of sociopolitical factors that impact diverse clients’ lives. Beliefs and attitudes encompass counselors’ values associated with different cultural groups, their ability to recognize and hold in check stereotypes of different culture groups, a celebration of diversity, and an awareness of how their biases and negative attitudes can adversely influence counseling relationships (Ivers, 2012). One of the hardest parts about being a counselor is admitting your own biases and stereotyping before counseling others of different cultural ethnicities. Once a counselor understands their own bias and stereotyping towards others, they are better able to catch themselves from letting their biases affect their counseling. As for working with the Latino cultural group, the counselor needs to familiarize themselves with the customs and cultural norms of the group. Book knowledge is a great place to start, but to really get a better picture of understanding another culture, one should immerse themselves in their community. A major issue that counselors encounter is their lack of cultural knowledge outside of their own
Hastings, C. (2002). So, how do you become culturally competent? Family Therapy Magazine, 1(2), 18-24.
Open Colleges Pty Ltd, 2011. Diploma of Counselling Work effectively with culturally diverse clients and co-workers. [Online]
Cultural Competence Understanding culture is an important aspect of being a social worker; this does not mean learning common cultural traits is of great significance to the social work profession. “Consider the second-generation Japanese-American social worker whose practice consists of Mexican-American and African-American families. Memorizing national traits or cultural rituals would be interesting and informative, but ultimately these would be an inaccurate basis on which to “know” these particular families” (Dorfman, 1996, p. 33). When understanding cultural competence, it is important to learn from the client about their culture in order to serve them in the most helpful and efficient way possible. There is a major drawback to memorizing information, and that is, this information will not give you a real understanding of who your client is and what life experiences they have personally faced.
Remember, self-reflection is vital to becoming a culturally-competent counselor. The counselor should consistently re-examine their worldview and personal beliefs about diverse individuals and other cultures. The idea is for the counselor to explore their own prejudices, emotions, and preconceived notions of those that differ from themselves. Remaining curious and willing to learn about culturally distinct groups is a practical way of working effectively with varied clients in counseling and understanding what barriers and prejudices are typical in their
In some countries, seeking medical help for mental health issues is the reasonable thing to do, where other cultures may view it as taboo and believe those matters should be left to religion or the family. Another vital aspect of multicultural counseling is the relationship between the therapist and counselee. It is essential that both parties are aware of the existing cultural differences. As a professional counselor, I will continue to educate myself properly, so as to give the best counsel by building trust and rapport. A few other aspects to keep in mind is learning to become culturally sensitive to communication and steering clear of trigger words or speech that the client may find offensive. Also, being aware of spatial distance is necessary. Some cultures prefer close contact and others may find too close of a distance
The diversity among clients and the counselor is an issue that has recently come to the forefront. The counselor must be very cautious and sensitive to the cultural values of their clients, gender and gender preference, age, language preference, ethnicity, and spirituality and religious beliefs.
According to delval.edu “multicultural counseling is defined as what occurs when the professional counselor works with a client from a different cultural group and how that might affect interactions that take place within the counseling relationship. This definition is expanded to include dissimilarities in religion and spirituality, sexual orientation, gender, age and maturity, socioeconomic class, family history, and even geographic location. The first step in effective multicultural counseling is to identify and acknowledge these differences between the counselor and client”
5. Ponteroto J. et al.( 1995) (ed.) Handbook of Multicultural Counselling, Sage Publications Inc.: USA
Cultural Competence is being able to engage in respectful and effective practice with diverse individuals, families, and communities, preserving their dignity and affirming their worth. A social worker should be aware of their clients’ cultural and environmental contexts, in order to know a client’s strengths, but cultural competence is never fully realized, achieved, or completed, but rather cultural competence is a lifelong process for social workers who will always encounter diverse clients and new situations in their practice. Social workers should have a knowledge base of their clients’ cultures and be able to demonstrate competence in the provision of services that are sensitive to clients’ cultures. Social workers should obtain education
Counselors need to be aware that they are able to work with particular issues and certain cultural groups. This is because conscious and unconscious meanings and assumptions, such as strongly held religious or political beliefs, will be communicated to the client. “It is desirable up to a point to know about a particulars clients background and therefore not to ask questions about it” due to the clients may be frustrated and impatient with this use of their time. (Bayne, Jinks, Collard, Horton, 2008). This is where cross-cultural training, supervision and personal development are
Understanding race, ethnicity, and culture is an extremely important aspect of being a counselor. If an individual does not have cultural identity of their own or understand his or herself as a cultural, ethnic, or racial individual, it may be difficult to help your clients. Understanding and being aware of your cultural identity will help the counselor be conscious of their own prejudice. Being aware of your own prejudice towards any culture, race, or ethnic group may help you redirect your negative thinking into a positive active role as a counselor. Having awareness will make an individual an improved counselor able to empathize and understand any individual who seeks therapy.
SUE, D. W., ARREDONDO, P., & McDavis, R. J. (1992). Multicultural Counseling Competencies and Standards: A Call to the Profession. JOURNAL OF COUNSELING & DEVELOPMENT, 70, 477-486.
Firstly, beliefs and attitudes infer the counselor’s ability to move beyond cultural unawareness for safeguarding that their personal biases, values or problems will not affect their ability to work with culturally diverse clients (Corey, 2013). In the same way, culturally skilled counselors are cognizant of the fact that “cultural self-awareness and sensitivity to one’s own cultural heritage” plays an integral role in the helping process (Corey, 2013, p.