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The effects of political propaganda
The effects of political propaganda
The effects of political propaganda
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Fake or artificial, regardless of the term one chooses to use, the meaning is the same. Artifice is the act of insincere behavior normally used to deceive someone and is considered by Chris Hedges, the author of “Empire of Illusion,” to be the “most essential skill in political theater and consumer culture.” In some ways, a society needs superficial leaders and values in order to uphold what the majority considers to be correct. However, pretending to believe in certain ideals or presenting untrue information is unbeneficial to anyone. The most essential skill in politics and media is not artifice, because the truth will eventually be exposed. Unsurprisingly, most every politician lies and displays particular characteristics in order to sway …show more content…
Hedges explains that “The consistency and emotional appeal of the story are paramount,” which shows that the facts are irrelevant as long as the story is appealing. During his candidacy, Donald J. Trump appealed to his audience by speaking about repressed topics such as Barack H. Obama’s place of birth. News broadcasting channel Fox band-wagoned onto to Trump’s story and consequently produced some articles with miscalculated evidence. The news stories shocked the mass public, however, the facts were later verified and found to be incorrect. America as a whole was captivated by the controversy and that led to many trusting Fox news, which did not last long because once readers found out the truth, they began questioning the information they were receiving. In conclusion, no matter the initial benefits of artifice, time will expose the truth. In politics, artificial behavior is almost necessary in order to gain the trust and support of the public. Despite one’s constructed persona appealing to the masses, a genuine attitude is less likely to receive backlash. Accordingly, consumer culture also acquires much from deceiving people and promoting their perspective, product, business, etc. When the product, news, etc. is found to be artificial, its’ value decreases. Therefore, artifice is not the most crucial ability in politics and consumer
The art of artifice compels the idea of false intimacy between a leader and his or her people. This essential skill acts like a play to distract its audience from the reality behind government authority. All a country wants is a leader that can talk the talk and walk the walk, even if they are faking it. In Empire of Illusion by Chris Hedges, the author exemplifies the importance of artifice in political theater and consumer culture since “Those who are best at deception succeed.” Artifice masks the true intentions of political leaders, whether it’s Napoleon’s domination over Europe, Hitler’s rise to power, or Donald Trump’s proposal against illegal immigration.
Through manipulation and lies, media manages to modify objective news into biased news in order to convince the public of what the media wants them to believe. The article, “How the Media Twist the News”, by Sheila Gribben Liaugminas discusses the major influence that news has on readers based on their choice of stories and words. “How the Media Twists the News” has borrowed from multiple other texts such as the books like Public Opinion and Liberty and News, news magazine writers such as Ruderman, and news networks like CBS through Bias, A CBS Insider Exposes How the Media Distort the News and CNN to make her arguments valid and prove that the news is biased and that it does influence readers significantly because of it.
Many people will argue that honesty will make a person go far in life; however, people who practice artifice succeed substantially. Artifice is a clever or artful skill especially used to trick or deceive others. In the excerpt Empire of Illusion, Chris Hedges states that,” The most essential skill in political theater and a consumer culture is artifice.” I profoundly agree with Hedges’ position on artifice.
Artifice slurs the truth, like how a mirror reverses the image and can give an impression of enlargement for a room.
Falsehood could be a useful evil in politic, because, apparently, by means of falsehood, the risk of social turmoil could be efficiently minimized or even eliminated. Thus, the ultimate good of the whole,
Estrich not only falls prey to generalization fallacy but also to faulty cause and special pleading fallacies. The greater issue with Estrich’s arguments is that the premise in her arguments are not supported by strong evidence. In many cases, Estrich does not provide any evidence for the claims that she makes. The lack of evidence and the use of fallacies collectively make Estrich’s article a very poor defense of Fox News. It should also be understood that many of Estrich’s arguments are also not explicitly mentioned and hence an average reader might not be able to infer Estrich’s arguments. Indeed, Estrich could have made her argument stronger by supporting her claims by strong evidence and writing in a clearer and concise
What makes artifice such an essential skill? In the excerpt from Empire of Illusion by Chris Hedges, it is argued that “the most essential skill… is artifice.” Artifice, the act of deceiving people, can be very useful when you want more power or popularity in the world. Many widely known people use artifice to stay rich, popular, and in power. However, artifice isn’t so essential that everybody needs to be a faker in order to succeed.
Fox News is constantly being bombarded with accusations of media bias, furthermore, a number of different instances of have occurred which question the validity of Fox News (Groeling). These instances occur throughout normal news broadcasts. Some of the more recent, and grossly biased broadcasts, were from the 2008 and 2012 presidential elections. Historically the Fox News Channel is known to lean heavily to the right, or on the republican spectrum. President Barrack Obama’s political party is widely known to the public as being democratic. Statistically, to this day according to studies over 17 million households receive some form of the Fox News Channel (Auletta). The Fox News Channel is published through a number of different channels to its viewers. These channels include: Television, radio, newspaper, internet and more increasingly electro...
A good part of Outfoxed focuses on the company's blurring of news and commentary, how anchormen and reporters are encouraged to repeatedly use catch-phrases like "some people say..." as a means of editorializing within a supposedly objective news story; how graphics, speculation and false information are repeated over-and-over throughout the broadcast day until it appears to become fact, and in doing so spreads like a virus and copied on other networks. A PIPA/Knowledge Networks Poll points to glaring, fundamental misconceptions about the news perpetuated upon Fox viewers, versus information received from widely respected news-gathering organizations like NPR and PBS. Asked, for instance, "Has the U.S. found links between Iraq & al-Qaeda?" only 16% of PBS and NPR viewers answered "yes," but a frightening 67% of Fox viewers believed there had.
Both CNN and Fox News influence these immense populations with how each utilize pathos, ethos and logos in the topics discussed during the broadcasted show. For example, Fox News 's audience seems to be primarily conservative, while CNN’s audience seem to be more liberal (Engel). So each network’s stories “focus on the issues that” conservatives or liberals “want to watch and talk about” (James). These topics are used to develop a more conservative or liberal fan base in the respective news networks. As the dominant news network on cable television, Fox News impacts the greatest quantity of citizens, bringing in an audience of over two million for primetime (James). Therefore, Fox News influences the largest percentage of Americans listening to news networks by effectively using these manipulative literary techniques. However, CNN has a younger audience than Fox News (Carter), which contributes to CNN’s audience growing from 350,000 a night, in 2013 (Agee), to 629,000 viewers a night (James). CNN and Fox News compete with each other to influence the greatest amount of people and the public’s opinion of current events. Each network appeals to pathos, logos and ethos differently and similarly to coax the greatest amount of listeners each night.
‘Brave New World’ by Aldous Huxley is a science-fiction book in which people live in a futuristic society and a place called the World State. In ‘Brave New World’, Aldous Huxley used the idea of consumerism to describe the behaviors and lives of the citizens of the World State. The practice of consumerism by the people of the World State fulfilled their satisfactory and happiness. However, it also blinded purity and truth among its people. Different classes and different genders of people practiced different acts of consumerism such as consuming soma, technology and bodies. They sought happiness from them and eventually these acts became a social norm. However, these practices of consumerism also had side effects. It blinded truth such as
In the book, Propaganda, author Edward L Bernays, who is nephew of Sigmund Freud, transcends the public relation industry. This short, 13-part instructional manual delves deep into the intricacies and usage of propaganda. Bernays claims that the public is in a constant state of manipulation. He argues that in order for a society to be highly functioning and stable, public opinion must be manipulated and swayed. While I find his claims disturbing, it was refreshing to read something so blunt. Bernays’ use of psychological techniques to work the mechanics of public opinion truly classifies him as the “father of public relations.”
An example would be a politician who managed to get a major bridge built in their district let the bridge be named after themselves. It would be also a congressmen’s desire to be seen as the cause of benefitting constituents mutually helpful. For candidates who are trying to win an election, the “image” or impression they give has been very important in politics. And through credit claiming, the image of the candidate would definitely give an impact to the people to vote for them. First impressions are extremely important as it is the factor of success or rejection. It shows the personality and how it can come across to voters. Politicians are aware of how the public views them and take years to build trust, make connections, and establish a vision for a community. However, one negative comment or distrustful action can destroy the foundation. There has to be an image of confidence, in order for citizens to trust politicians. As body language plays a significant role in public communications, it delivers a level of comfort leading the public and the standings of their ideas. Politicians must also keep calm in high- pressure situations, such as debates. Strong images must be kept whenever the public’s attention is on them, as every word and movement matters. Since public politicians are constantly in the public eye, image has been important as to how they appear
Is political deception a key component in a prosperous political career? Most people would use logic to disagree, however I would agree with the fact that politicians use emotional appeal and propaganda negatively, to affect their campaign positively. Chris Hedges, author of Empire of Illusion, argues in the excerpt that the most critical skill in politics and consumer culture is artifice. He states that leaders who use propaganda to create altered realities no longer need to be truthful. Hedges also states how power figures need a story, no matter how truthful, to appeal citizens. So, false personas are put on by government officials, deceiving all who are attentive to their communication. There are exceptions to everything, and we can not categorize all politicians as conniving human beings. Some politicians are genuinely honest with their supporters. With the overwhelming amount of those who are dishonest, it makes it hard to even believe that a politician could be honest.
An authoritative figure holds the ability to influence people in several situations. Within friendship and propaganda a person can reflect upon another to persuade them to change their views on a certain subject. In friendship, an individual involved may change their own opinions to mimic their friends for the sake of not losing them or being excluded from their clique. “Kids actively want to emulate their peers” (Ulene 2011) and may sway their own means and ideals in order to “fit in” with their social group in fear that they will be unaccepted otherwise. As a result, this leads to a person acting upon what their friends do, simply because they want to be like them. Similarly, propaganda, presented as posters or advertisements, can easily influence the audience. Countl...