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Quize On Endocrine System
The effects of blood glucose on diabetic and non diabetic people
Quize On Endocrine System
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A positive feedback loop is a feedback in which the system responds to the disruption that occurs in the same direction. The positive feedback loops response relies on the feedback signal to function. This occurs when the performance of a task is successful. A negative feedback loops is a feedback in which the system never responded. This occurs when the performance of a task is unsuccessful. The endocrine system consists of six parts; pancreas hypothalamus, thyroid, pituitary gland, ovary, and adrenal gland. The pancreas is a large gland that produces hormones that regulate blood sugar; produces enzymes that break down carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids; and produces sodium bicarbonate, a base that neutralizes stomach acid. The hypothalamus is a brain structure that acts as a control center for recognition and analysis of hunger, thirst, fatigue, anger, and body temperature. The thyroid is a large gland in the neck that secretes (produces) hormones regulating growth through the rate of metabolism. The pituitary gland is in the base of the skull that secretes nine hormones that directly regulate many body functions and control the actions of several other endocrine glands. The ovary ( found in females) is a gonad that produces eggs. The adrenal glands are a pair of glands located above the kidneys, which produces epinephrine and norepinephrine. The endocrine system main function is to release hormones that affect activities of other cells. The blood glucose levels measure how much sugar is in your body. The hormone-producing portion of the pancreas consists of clusters of cells that resemble islands. These islets include beta cells that secrete a hormone called insulin, and alpha cells which secrete another hormon... ... middle of paper ... ...ypically during breastfeeding, skin-skin contact and eye contact. The Female reproduction cycle includes seven key parts; FSH, LH, estrogen progesterone, ovulation, menstruation and pregnancy. When fertilization occurs, the egg will begin to divide through mitosis. After several divisions a cluster of cells surrounding the embryo, called a blastocyst implantation .Where they attach to the uterine wall by the secretion of enzymes. Within a few days of this process the uterus will continually divide , the embryo; Releasing hormones to keep the corpus luteum functioning for a few weeks to allow nourishment and protection to reach and line the uterus. Then membrane like chorionic villi are formed to help with protection. These form an essential organ called the placenta; the connection between mother and embryo. This serves as the embryo’s main source of nourishment.
Insulin is a hormone that is produced by specialized cells on the surface of the pancreas called pancreatic islets or Islets of Langerhans. It causes changes to occur in the plasma membrane of the cell that cause the cell to pull in glucose from the blood stream. The hormonal counterpart of insulin is glycogon, which serves to promote the rele...
The pancreas is composed of exocrine and endocrine tissues. The exocrine portion of the pancreas synthesizes and secretes pancreatic juices. The endocrine portion is composed of miniscule islands of cells, called the islets of Langerhans. These islets of Langerhans do not release their secretions into the pancreatic ducts. Instead, they release hormones into the blood stream, and these hormones in turn help control blood glucose levels (Function of the Pancreas). Beta cells of the islets of Langerhans secrete insulin, which
Insulin is released when the β cells of the islets of langerhans in the pancreas detect an increase in blood sugar levels. Insulin’s release is also stimulated by increased levels of amino acids and acetylcholine denoting activation of the parasympathetic nervous system. Both of these things signify digestion, which is usually responsible for increases in blood sugar. In...
The thyroid gland plays a major role in the endocrine, thyroxine, triiodothyronine and metabolism system. The gland can be found in the front of the neck and above where the collar bones meet. The thyroid gland controls the body by releasing T4 and T3 hormones. Controlling metabolism plays an important role when regulating mood, weight,
Endocrinology can be defined as the study of the structure and function of the endocrine system (Tortora & Grabowski 1996). The endocrine system is composed cells, known as endocrine cells, which are distributed around the body and produce the chemical messengers known as hormones. Following secretion by endocrine cells, hormones travel in the blood where they affect tissues outside of their tissue of origin - and are therefore a form of cellular communication. In multicellular organisms, such as humans, cellular communication is essential for a number of body processes and the maintenance of homeostasis (Campbell, N.A. et al. 2015). In this essay, I am going to outline some of a number of body
The pancreas is a 6-inch long organ in the body, located behind the stomach in the abdomen. The pancreas contains exocrine and endocrine glands that produce pancreatic juices, insulin, and hormones. Pancreatic juices, also called pancreatic enzymes, are made by the exocrine glands and released into the intestines to help with digestion. Around 95% of the pancreas is exocrine glands and ducts. The endocrine part of the pancreas are arranged in small clusters of cells called islets of Langerhans. Islets of Langerhans release insulin and glucagon into the bloodstream and those two hormones manage the level of sugar in the blood. When these two hormones are not working like they are supposed to, it often results in diabetes.
First, the pituitary gland in the brain produces the hormone follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). FSH stimulates the ovaries to produce estrogen, which thickens the uterine lining and begins to develop an egg in the ovary. About 14 days later, the pituitary gland produces another hormone called luteinizing hormone (LH). LH causes the egg to come out of a sac in the ovary (ovulation). The empty sac on the ovary called the corpus luteum is stimulated by another hormone from the pituitary gland called luteotropin. The corpus luteum begins to produce the estrogen and progesterone hormone. The progesterone hormone prepares the lining of the uterus to have the fertilized egg (egg combined with sperm) attach to the lining of the uterus and begin to develop into a fetus. If the egg is not fertilized, the corpus luteum stops producing estrogen and progesterone, it disappears, the lining of the uterus sloughs off and a menstrual period begins. Then the menstrual cycle starts all over again and will continue monthly unless pregnancy occurs or menopause
Hormones are one major parts of the endocrine system. They are released from endocrine tissue into the bloodstream. As the hormones travel through the bloodstream they target a tissue where they will start a response. The endocrine glands, which are a special group of cells, make hormones. Endocrine glands usually do not have ducts and are vascular. The kidney, heart, and liver help secondary endocrine systems. A small change in hormones can cause big changes in the body and in cells. If there are too many or to...
The anterior pituitary is an endocrine gland controlled by the hypothalamus in several different fashions. Releasing and release-inhibiting hormones are synthesized in the paraventricular, periventricular, and the supraoptic nuclei of the hypothalamus. They control anterior pituitary hormone secretion. Paravocellular neurons in these nuclei send their axons into the tuberoinfundibular tract and terminate on a capillary bed of the superior hypophyseal arteries located around the base of the median eminence. A given paravocellular neuron may release one or more releasing factor into the capillaries that coalesce in six to ten small straight veins that form the hypophyseal-portal blood circulation which descends along the infundibular stalk and forms a second capillary plexus around the anterior pituitary. The releasing-hormones gain access to the five distinct types of target cells in the anterior pituitary back into the capillary bed that then drains into the systemic circulation and transports the hormones to peripheral target tissues. The target tissues are stimulated to produce final mediator-hormones that induce the physiologic...
The embryos are usually extras that have been created in IVF (in vitro fertilization) clinics where several eggs are fertilized in a test tube, but only one is implanted into a woman (Crosta, Paragraph 3). The blastocyst consists of an inner cell mass (embryoblast) and an outer cell mass (trophoblast). The outer cell mass becomes part of the placenta, and the inner cell mass is the group of cells that will differentiate to become all the structures of an adult organism(Crosta, Paragraph 4). In a healthy pregnancy, the blastocyst stage continues until implantation of the embryo in the uterus, at which point the embryo is referred to as a fetus. This usually occurs by the end of the 10th week of gestation after all the primary organs of the body have been created (Crosta, Paragraph 5). Human embryonic stem cells are the cells from which all 200+ kinds of tissue in the human body originate. When stem cells are obtained from living human embryos, the harvesting of such cells necessitates the destruction of the
Endocrine Hormones Are Involved In the Homeostasis of Blood Pressure Human body is probably as scientific as it could get with a whole network of controls and balances well in place. We have the nervous systems and immune systems and these systems are there to stay and more importantly they evolve and change with the passage of time. They keep upgrading themselves and this what keeps the man up to par with everything else and the change as and when they do come about. The hormone is like a messenger or a communicator in the case of out body. Once released, it carries the message through and forth and it travels through the main blood stream until it reaches and finds a cell with a receptor that it fits. This has to be a perfect fit and that is why it is sale that it must attach itself to the molecule like a key made for a certain lock. Then, like a key in a lock, the molecule attaches to the receptor and sends a signal inside the cell, which is relayed from here onwards. It is the content of the message which implies as to whether produce, release, take in or reduce the supply of p...
The ovaries, fallopian tubes, cervix, and vagina make up the female reproductive sys-tem. The ovaries produce hormones as well as release eggs for reproduction, estrogen and proges-terone are the hormones that help get the lining of the uterus ready for child bearing. When eggs are released they travel down the pear-shaped uterus through the fallopian tubes. In the event that fertilization doesn’t take place the eggs are released out the body during menstrual period, however if fertilization occurs the fetus stays in the uterus because it has the ability to increase in size.
Each gland of the endocrine system is responsible for the releasing of different hormones, and those hormones trigger different activities in different places of the body. Hypothalamus, pineal body, anterior and posterior pituitary glands, adrenal gland, and thyroid gland are the main glands of the endocrine system while there are some other associated glands, as well. The endocrine system is known to be as the chemical information system. Some of the main functions of this system have to do with growth and development, metabolism, tissue function, sexual function, mood swings,
The female reproductive systems is made of 9 parts. The sex cell for the female reproductive system is called the egg or ovum. The egg spends it’s dormant life in the ovaries until it is released. The egg has 23 chromosomes within it. The ovaries have two goals: to create and house eggs and the release the female sex hormones, estrogen and progesterone. The fallopian tubes are what the egg travels through to reach the uterus. Fallopian tubes contain tiny hair-like structures called cilia; the cilia allows for mobility of the egg. The fallopian tube is roughly the size of 2 hairs, and is the site of where ectopic pregnancies happen. The process of the egg getting released from the ovaries through the fallopian tubes is called ovulation. Ovulation happens on the 14th day of the menstruation cycle The uterus is where the egg goes to after it travels through the fallopian tubes. The developing baby is held and nourished in the uterus. When the uterus is empty, it’s roughly the size of a fist but expands one an embryo starts to develop. The endometrium is the lining of the uterine wall. It’s used to protect the fetus. When the egg isn’t fertilized, menstruation ha...
Fertilization (conception) is the moment in which the sperm cell enters the oocyte and merges with it. From this moment, the cell division begins: at each division the number of cells is doubled in the fertilized egg. About two days after fertilization, the fertilized egg migrates the remaining way of the fallopian tube down to the uterus, where the implantation takes place. So that it can even come to the fertilization, some conditions are necessary, which will all together lead to the sperm and egg cell coming together. This is how fertilization works: After ovulation, the ovum migrates in the fallopian tube towards the uterus. In the next twelve to 24 hours she is fertile. The sperm arriving at the ovum try to drill through its shell. Fertilization