The world is filled with many unique individuals. There are multiple types of personalities, but each of them can only be analyzed through a few different perspectives. In this particular assignment, I will be comparing and contrasting the psychoanalytic and humanistic theories. Both of these perspectives include varying reasons individuals may consciously or unconsciously act in different ways responding to situations that demonstrate the unique personalities between each person. According to Friedman and Schustack (2010) the psychoanalytic theories focus on the structure of the mind: id, ego, and superego. These elements provide insight into the unique conscious and unconscious behavioral dynamics of humans (p. 64-65). The humanistic theory …show more content…
According to Friedman and Schustack (2010) the id holds the energy of the unconscious, which desires “the pleasure principle” and its only goal is to fulfill its impulses, the ego is mostly conscious awareness that has a large amount of power for personality that functions through “the reality principle; it must solve real problems”, and the superego is a personality trait that “develops to internalize social rules and guide goal-seeking behavior” (p. 64-65). While each of these offer a unique aspect of human behavior, it also demonstrates that with each individual, the influence of these elements will vary with each personality. Friedman and Schustack (2010) reveal that during evaluations a technique called free association is used to allow patients to say anything that comes to mind, which eventually focuses on dreams (p. 62). The authors also emphasize the importance of Freud’s psychosexual development and the unconscious defense mechanisms that contribute to personalities (p.75-86). According to Cooper (2008) “ Freud and his epochal discoveries concerning unconscious mental life remain the bedrock of psychoanalysis” (p. 26). Overall, there are the mental factors that affect people in unique ways; through personal experiences and unique environments an individual is in can have a large impact on the development or shifts in …show more content…
According to Friedman and Schustack (2010) this approach highlights the “creative, spontaneous, and active nature” or the conscious aspects of each person (p. 290). The authors reveal that an important characteristic of the humanistic theory lies in the deficiency needs that are key in surviving (p. 304). Every human has a need for food and water, a sense of security, to love and be loved, and to have a high esteem for self. Lacking these basic needs and instincts will cause someone to be less likely or unable to successfully work their way up the levels to self-actualization. According to Myers (2013) Carl Rogers’ places much of life’s personal growth on three main traits: (1) genuineness-being open with personal feelings and allowing people into their life, (2) acceptance- having consideration, respect, and satisfaction even through personal failures, and (3) empathy- sharing and having the ability to relate with other (p. 544). If someone was not exposed to these elements during childhood, it may explain some negative traits of a personality and have an affect on someone’s matured personality later in
The some similarities between the Humanistic and the Psychodynamic theoretical approaches is that there are some parallels between Humanistic concepts of self, self- concept and self-actualization to Psychodynamic (Freud’s) theory on personality structure. The Humanistic
In all the psychology of the personality is difficult to understand, because trying to read what someone is thinking about you and your personality is a tough process. This was roughly and explanation into the view of Freud’s view of the id, ego, and superego and some of the psychoanalysis stages that come in the crazy world and studies of Sigmund Freud. Even though his views are not popular today some people still research them and think to themselves he might not be as weird as people told me he was.
There are many different modern perspectives of psychology. These modern perspectives are cognitive,psycoanalysis,humanistic.socio-cultural,behavioral and evolutionary. When thinking about a key event in regard to different personality theories, I felt that I could most relate that key event of my life to the humanistic and behavioral theory. I will mainly be emphazing on these two modern perspectives. Moreover, I will then evaluate the key concepts and the principles of these two theories, and briefly compare and contrast their thoughts in the following paragraphs.
In addition to Freud’s stages of development his best-known concepts are those of the id, ego, and superego (Crain, p. 268). The id personality called ‘the unconscious” is the personality that focuses on maximizing pleasure and minimizing pain through reflexes and drives such as hunger or bladder tensions (Crain, pp. 268-269). The id concept is impulsive, chaotic and unrealistic.
An examination of the Humanistic and Trait theories of personality exposes that while there are various differences concerning the two theories, there are very few similarities
The psychoanalytic approach, proposed by Sigmund Freud, is based on the idea that childhood experiences significantly influence the development of later personality traits and psychological problems. In addition, psychoanalysis emphasizes the influence of unconscious fears, desires and motivations on thoughts and behaviors. The humanistic approach, presented by Abraham Maslow, emphasizes self actualization and free-will. It is based on the belief that each person has freedom in directing his or her future.
“There are so many different walks of life, so many different personalities in the world.” Hope Solo describes that there are many different ways to walk the paths of life, and that these paths are filled with people of dissimilar personalities. Similarly to Hope Solo’s idea of incompatible personalities, Sigmund Freud, an Austrian neurologist, developed the concepts of the id, ego and superego. As Freud described them, these concepts are the three parts of the human psyche. The id part of the brain operates on the “pleasure principle”, the superego is the moral component of the human psyche, and the ego is the balance between both the id and the superego. Freud, along with many other Americans, began to realize that people, especially characters
Sigmund Freud’s Psychodynamic Theory suggests that human behavior and personality is influenced by unconscious motives. In the early 1900s, Freud proposed this theory, stating that the personality consists of the id, the ego, and the superego. Psychodynamic psychologists see behavior as a compromise between the three areas of our psyche. These psychologists study human behavior by looking for deeper meanings in peoples’ thoughts and actions. Today, many of Freud’s ideas have been criticized for being too abstract and objective, but that does not mean that his work is without merit. The Psychodynamic Theory has redefined patient-therapist relationships and our understanding of thought processes and response patterns.
The history of psychology dates back to the times of the ancient Greeks, and Chinese philosophers 4,000 years ago. During this time span numerous thinkers had strived to answer the riddle of the human mind. This paper will focus on the development of Humanistic Psychology primarily from the 1950’s to the present day. Humanistic Psychology had played an important role in the shaping of todays clinical applications for mental health. Also known as the Third Force, humanistic approach had offered a unique explanation for describing and assessing human behavior, which ran contrary to both behaviorism and psychodynamic theory that was popular at the time. In congruence with the emphasize on internal development this paper will highlight the history
A Comparison of the Main Approaches to Personality Psychology Psychology of personality is a difficult concept to define and quantify, therefore most personality theories, however different they may be in other respects, share the basic assumption, that personality is a particular pattern of behaviour and thinking, that prevails across time and situations and differentiates one person from another. Most theories attempting to explain personality represent part of the classic psychological Nature verse Nurture debate. In other words, is personality “inherited”, or developed through our interactions with the environment. In addition, we shall compare and contrast two of the main approaches to personality psychology by concentrating on Psychoanalytical Theory (Freud) and Social Learning Theory (Bandura). By looking at the Psychodynamic approach, developed by Freud, we can argue that it emphasizes the interplay of unconscious psychological processes in determining human thought, feelings, and behaviours.
Features of the Psychoanalytic and Humanistic Perspectives Outline the key features of the psychoanalytic and humanistic perspectives, and briefly compare and contrast their views on conscious experience, a person as an integrated whole, and the role of therapists in arriving at changes. Answer In explaining and predicting animal behaviour, different schools of psychology are of different perspectives; e.g. cognitive approach focuses on the mental processes, behaviourism is based on external stimuli and reinforcement, biological approach is concerned with the relationship between the mind and body and the influence of heredity. However, they are only cope with a specific part of people, but neglect human as a whole.
Two proponents most noted for humanistic approaches to personality are Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers. Both the Person-Centered Theory (Rogers) and the Hierarchy of Needs (Maslow) considered that humans ' true nature was good and that each has the potential for growth. A comparison of the two approaches demonstrates a compatibility between theory and practice. Furthermore, each approach focuses on individual choices and rejects the theory that biology will determine human potential.
When we are born, over time we grow up and develop a personality. For each person, our personalities differentiate between one another which presents a wide variety of individuals. According to psychology, there are different factors that make up who we are. Today, I will be talking about the four major theories of personality (Psychodynamic, five-factor model, humanistic, and social-cognitive).
Over the years, people have wondered what goes on in a person's mind that guides them to meet their needs. Sigmund Freud developed a system of personality that boldly attempts to explain the course of personality and what was it origins. Freud theory assumes that one's personality is shaped and some powerful inner forces motivate one's behavior. According to Freud, personality differences commence from the different ways in which people deal with their underlying drives. By picturing a continuing battle between antagonistic parts of personality, Freud was able to develop three systems that make up the total personality. The three systems of personality are the id, ego, and the superego. If the three systems work together in harmony and unite together to form one complete organization, it enables one to create a positive transaction with the environment. If the systems are fighting with each other, one is said to be dissatisfied with himself or the world. By examining the ego, the id, and the superego, one should see how these three systems of personality play an important role in the development of one's personality. In doing so one should understand what conscious and unconscious, and the functions of the id, ego, and superego.
...ole person perspective, the psychoanalytic theory of psychodynamics does have many veritable rival theories in the same perspective now, it has been widely influential. Conferring to Freud, the key to a healthy personality is an absolute balance between all three id, the ego and the superego.