Primarily, one of the dominant and fundamental theoretical variances concerning Freud and Jung’s personality theories was that relating to their opposing notions regarding the unconscious human mind. Firstly, Freud understood that the centre of ones inhibited beliefs and distressing recollections was found in the unconscious mind. Freud stated that the human mind focuses on three constructs: namely the id, the ego and the super ego. He claimed that the id shaped ones unconscious energy. Freud said that it is not limited by ethics and morals, but as an alternative simply aims to fulfil ones desires. The id strives to keep with the “pleasure principle, which can be understood as a demand to take care of needs immediately.” (Boere) The next unconscious …show more content…
structure according to Freud is that of the ego which takes the form of one’s conscious views and opinions that allow one to cope successfully with reality. The ego “relates the organism to reality by means of its consciousness, and it searches for objects to satisfy the wishes that id creates to represent the organisms needs” (Boere) The last unconscious structure that Freud recognises is labelled as the superego.
The superego endeavours to be the mediator between the selfish, immoral values of the id, and the conscious views of the ego. According to Freud, the superego contains two aspects- “One is the conscience, which is an internalization of punishments and warnings. The other is called the ego ideal. It derives from rewards and positive models presented to the child.” (Boere) Similarly to Freud, Jung separated the human psyche into three parts. However, in Jung’s understanding, the unconscious mind was separated into the ego, the collective unconscious and the personal unconscious. According to Jung and agreeing with Freud, the ego “identifies with the conscious mind” (Boere) while the personal unconscious comprises of recollections that are “easily brought to mind and those that have been suppressed for some reason.” (Boere) Jung concludes his theory of the unconscious mind with the collective unconscious which he describes as “the reservoir of our experiences as a species, a kind of knowledge we are all born with” (Boere) For example, love at first
sight. Another vital zone of discrepancy, if not the largest, between Jung and Freud was that of their conflicting interpretations of human incentive and stimulus. In Freud’s view, the human mind revolved around repressed and expressed sexuality. He thought that sexuality was the chief motivational power behind behaviour. This view is made apparent through his rigid concepts concerning psychosexual growth, as well as his principles of the Oedipus and Electra complexes. In his Oedipus Complex, Freud suggests that “male children have strong sexual desires towards their mothers and have savage resentment towards their fathers (competition for the mother). In the Electra complex, this is reversed in that it is the female children who have sexual desires towards their fathers, and wish to remove their mothers.”(Hall, Hivernel and Morgan, 2009) Young male children then develop a fear called Castration Anxiety where by their fathers will eliminate or harm their penises in “punishment for their feelings towards their mother” (Hall, Hivernel and Morgan, 2009). Freud thought that the sexual libido was the only motivator behind a human. Jung, however, opposed this, stating that although the sexual libido is an influential force in the human psyche, it is not the only one present. Jung states that when you are an undeveloped infant, the sexual libido may be a vital administrator in your life but as you grow older, other influences obtain significance. Jung felt that “libido was not primarily a sexual energy but a more generalized psychic energy.” (Jung, 1907, par. 78) When analysing dreams, Jung looked for associations to styles of dreams and the dreamer's archetype. Jung explained that “archetypes are neither images nor ideas but, rather, fundamental psychic patterns common to all humans into which personal experiences are organized.” (Geist 2003, 81) As an outcome of Jung's initial investigation, he came to identify the presence of “clusters of ideas, thoughts, memories, and perceptions, organized around a central affective and archetypal core” (Jung, 1907, par. 82)
The Swiss psychologist Carl Gustav Jung held the belief that archetypes served as models of personalities, people, and behaviour. He proposed that the psyche was made up of three (3) components: the ego (conscious mind), the personal unconscious (stores all memories, even suppressed ones), and the collective unconscious (contains all the knowledge and experiences shared by the human species).
Personality, is defined as the combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual's distinctive character. But when it comes down to it many different theorists define personality in many different ways. First we see that Sigmund Freud's states that he uses what he calls his own, psychoanalytic theory of personality, and Freud even argues “that human behavior is the result of the interactions among three component parts of the mind: the id, ego, and superego.” ("Freudian Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality - Boundless Open Textbook")
Sigmund Freud was born in 1856 to Jewish Galician parents in the Moravian town of Pribor in the Austrian Empire (“Sigmund Freud” n. pag). During his education in the medical field, Freud decided to mix the career fields of medicine and philosophy to become a psychologist (“Sigmund Freud” n. pag). During his research as a psychologist, he conceived the Structural Model Theory, which he discussed in his essay Beyond the Pleasure Principle. The theory states that the human psyche is divided into three main parts: the id, ego, and super-ego (“Id, Ego, and Super-ego” n. pag). He concluded that the id was the desire for destruction, violence and sex; the ego was responsible for intellect and dealing with reality; and the super-ego was a person’s sense of right and wrong and moral standards (Hamilton, n. pag). Freud argued that a healthy individual will have developed the strongest ego to keep the id and super-ego in check (“Id, Ego, and Super-ego” n. p...
In Jung’s theory, he claimed the dialogue between the conscious and unconscious aspects of the psyche enriches a person. In the absence of this discourse, the unconscious processes can put in danger the personality. In this respect, Jung conceptualized individuation which ...
Freud’s understanding of the unconscious is organized into three echelons: the conscious mind, the preconscious mind and the unconscious mind. The conscious mind involves everything we are cognizant of. The preconscious mind signifies regular recollections. The unconscious mind contains emotions, reflections, memoirs and compulsions that are unknown to our conscious perception. Along with the conscious, the preconscious and the unconscious, there are the three additional elements to Freud’s structure of personality: the id, ego and superego. Unlike Freud, Jung had a more optimistic theory of the unconscious.
Jung agrees with Freud and his thought process of the structural constructs, he disagrees with there only being three parts of the unconscious mind. Jung’s structural construct of the psyche is more in-depth than Freud’s. Jung uses the similar basic construct of Freud and agreeing with the differences in the types of consciousness in the mind. Jung uses the ‘shadow’ instead of the id which is the unknown concepts of one’s personality and the unknown choices that we make based upon good and evil side of everyone. In other words, our shadow which resides in our unconscious mind are the ‘skeletons in our closet’ which can be described as the unwanted and the rejected thoughts that we have by our ego and our
Freud defines the conscious mind as the part that has recent memories of experience and that can be remembered. The unconscious mind being the one that stores experience that an individual wishes to forget. He further identifies three levels of the unconscious mind that play a role in personality. The id, this is the first level that deals with the pleasure principle. I view the id as an individual’s fantasy. The super ego, being the morality principle. I think that the super ego does not play much of a role in personality but can be viewed as the neutral point. The ego, this is the level that deals with the reality principle. I would label this part of the brain as the reality. I also believe that the ego plays an important role in helping distinguish the reality that we live in from the fantasy that we wish to live in. An example to further explain this is the photography professions. A photographer could be a person that is obsessed with sexual activities as to try and satisfy their sexual fantasies. This individual find appropriate ways to satisfy their fantasies through the artistic work that they do for example, a nude photo shoot, of which is seen as appropriate in other
Jung described his theory as a personal unconscious of each individual that is developed because of the person 's unique experiences. Jung also described a deeper layer to the unconscious a collective unconscious inherited unconscious. (Cloninger ,2013) p. 51.Freud referred to it as a conscious level refers to experiences of which a person is aware including memories and intentional actions. Freud also stated that explanations are often wrong. The most important determinants of behaviors are not available to our thought. (Cloninger ,2013) p.23 The difference between Jung’s understanding and Freud, Jung’s the unconscious consist of mere general motivations which have spiritual content (Cloninger 2013 ) p.17. According to Freud (Cloninger 2013) the unconscious consist of sexual and aggressive wishes that are unacceptable to the conscious personality.(Cloninger 2013) p. 17 .
Sigmund Freud’s theories on the construction of the mind are simple, but fundamentally changed the field of psychology. He proposed, among other things, that the human mind is composed of three parts: the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious. The preconscious consists of information, such as a telephone number, that is “accessible to consciousness without emotional resistance” (Schellenberg 21). In Freud’s estimation, the unconscious is the most important area of the mind. The information stored within it has “very strong resistances” to becoming conscious (Freud 32). Residing in the unconscious is the id, which “contains everything…that is present at birth… – above all, therefore, the instincts which originate from somatic organization” (14). From birth, all action is instinctual, from the id. The id recognizes and entertains no desires but its own and is impatient to have its needs met. This phase lasts until a part of the id changes “under the influence of the real external world” (14). This changed portion b...
Sigmund Freud is best known for his development and use of psychoanalysis. The theory of psychoanalysis focuses on the concept of how our unconscious thoughts, feelings, and emotions play an active role in our daily lives. The id, ego, and superego are the three mental zones that encompass our psyche. Each zone has a specific function: The id functions on the pleasure principle; the ego on the protection of the individual; and the superego on protection of society. The degree of which each zone has been developed can be broken down and then analyzed. These three zones can be visualized by imagining a pie cut into three slices.
Jung’s theories of personality are closely related to the Freudian theories. He divided the human psyche into three categories; the ego, or the conscious mind, the personal unconscious which holds memories and such, and the collective unconscious which is the connection that all humans share. According to Jung, the collective unconscious is made up of archetypes. An archetype is the “unlearned tendency to experience things in a certain way”#. There are an innumerable amount of archetypes, which all organize experiences or materialize thoughts in their own way.
The basis of this approach is that psychological factors play a major role in determining behaviour and shaping personality. Freud argued that personality is composed of three major systems the id, the ego, and the superego. The id (biological part of personality) is present at birth and consists of inherited instincts and all psychological energies. The id operates according to the pleasure principle, seeking to reduce tension, avoid pain and obtain pleasure. The ego (executive part of personality) is conscious part of the mind, the “real” us.
Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory was based on the belief that human personality is made up of three components: the id, ego and superego. These three components are arranged in a hierarchy order with the id at the basal end, the ego in the middle and the super ego at the pinnacle. The id at the base, seeks instantaneous pleasure and fulfillment, driven by the pleasure principle. The id wants what it wants, when it wants it regardless of whether or not it is possible to satisfy that particular want or need. The presence or logic of reality or societal behavior has no effect on the id. For example, if an infant is thirsty and sees a bottle of water, he will take the bottle and drink even if it belonged to someone else and he did not have permission to drink, all that matters is that the needs have been met.
According to Carl Jung, the Father of Analytic Psychology, “humans descend from ancestral-based also known as, racial phylogenetic predispositions” that form our personality, behavior, and consciousness. Jung regarded the psyche, a complex interacting system composed of the ego, the personal unconscious, and the collective unconscious, as the primitive, innate, and unconscious structure of personality. Jung emphasizes that we share a common humanistic collective unconscious and its archetypes, or “psychic instincts”. Moreover, we share the ability to experience innate psychological patterns, representations of images, and symbols, originated from our antecedents and throughout ancient history and its generations. The Jungian archetype of animus and anima represents the importance of the collective unconscious in relation to personality.
Over the years, people have wondered what goes on in a person's mind that guides them to meet their needs. Sigmund Freud developed a system of personality that boldly attempts to explain the course of personality and what was it origins. Freud theory assumes that one's personality is shaped and some powerful inner forces motivate one's behavior. According to Freud, personality differences commence from the different ways in which people deal with their underlying drives. By picturing a continuing battle between antagonistic parts of personality, Freud was able to develop three systems that make up the total personality. The three systems of personality are the id, ego, and the superego. If the three systems work together in harmony and unite together to form one complete organization, it enables one to create a positive transaction with the environment. If the systems are fighting with each other, one is said to be dissatisfied with himself or the world. By examining the ego, the id, and the superego, one should see how these three systems of personality play an important role in the development of one's personality. In doing so one should understand what conscious and unconscious, and the functions of the id, ego, and superego.