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Compare the models of health
Compare the models of health
Health belief model
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The three health approach models; Biochemical, Health Belief, and Social-Ecological are very different in explaining the cause/development of health problems but share the same end goal. Each of these models focuses on underlying health issues that need change. For example, obesity, from a Biomedical Model perspective a physician may say obesity is due to the offset of an energy balance and excess intake of energy needs as compared to energy expenditure. The biochemical recovery approach may be weight loss drugs or bariatric surgery. From a Health Belief Model perspective, one may say obesity is due to the unhealthy lifestyle choices made by the obese individual. The treatment strategy for this model may focus on building self-efficacy within
This section discusses health psychology and behavioral medicine, making positive life changes, resources for effective life change, controlling stress, behaving, and your good life. Health psychology emphasizes psychology’s role in establishing and maintaining health and preventing and treating illness. It reflects the belief that lifestyle choices, behaviors, and psychological characteristics can play important roles in health. The mind is responsible for much of what happens in the body, it is not the only factor, the body may influence the mind as well. Making positive life changes include health behaviors- practices that have an impact on physical well being. The stages of change model describes the process by which individuals give up bad habits and adopt healthier lifestyles. The model has five stages: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation/ determination, action/ willpower, and
The Health Belief Model is a framework that is used for understanding service user’s health behaviours. The Health Belief Model is based on believing that a service user will seek health care related action if they believe that they are at risk of developing a certain condition and also if they believe that they can successfully and confidently take action to avoid getting the condition. A conceptual framework that describes a person's health behavior as an expression of health beliefs. The model was designed to predict a person's health behavior, including the use of health services, and to justify intervention to alter maladaptive health behavior. www.medical-dictionary.com (accessed 1/11/2016).
The key concept of the health belief model includes threat perception (perceived threat), behavioral evaluation, self-efficacy and other variables. The threat perception has very great relevance in health-related behaviors. This perception are measured by perceived susceptibility (the beliefs about the likelihood of contacting a disease) and perceived severity (the feeling about the seriousness of contacting an illness and leaving it untreated). The behavioral evaluation is assessed by the levels of perceived benefits (the positive effects to be expected), perceived barriers (potential negative aspects of a health behavior), and cues to action (the strategies to activated one’s readiness). The self-efficacy key concept was not originally included in of the health belief model, and it was just added in 1998 to look at a person’s belief in his/her ability to take action in order to make a health related change. The other variables that are also the key concepts of the model include diverse demography, sociopsychology, education, and structure. These factors are variable from one to another and indirectly influence an individual’s health-related behavior because the factors influence the perception...
This theory applies if the individual is not satisfied with his current health condition. For example, the individual is overweight and therefore has other health issues. The bad health condition encourages the individual to consider if a diet will make changes to his life and he will search for solutions. Here the NHS steps in and offers “practical support on healthy eating, exercise, weight gain, and clinical treatment for obesity, “(Department of Health 2004). With that support the individual is more successful and will see quick results which motivate the individual to carry on to change his life style.
The model that I think best coincides with my definition is the Health Protection/ Promotion Model. This model assists people to recover following threats to health, and to achieve the highest level of health possible. Health promotion model believes that leisure, particularly perceived freedom, intrinsic motivation, and self-determination are key factors in health. This model has a humanistic perspective which means that it views people as capable of change and responsible for their health. It emphasizes an individual’s inherent drive towards self-actualization and creativity. The health promotion model concentrates on the purposeful nature of therapeutic recreation, perceived control and freedom, and self-determination. It views actualization tendencies as a means to stimulate growth and movement to wellness. Wellness occurs when a person’s physical, psychological, and environmental functioning leads to self-actualization. It believes health is an intricate state in which individuals are coping with change and growing and developing. This model uses perspective activities as well as recreation and leisure to promote and protect the health of others. Perspective refers to a person 's outlook or way of viewing something. When using this technique, they provide them with a simple definition and explanation then further
In this essay I am going to investigate whether health is easily defined as the absence of disease or physical injury. According to Health psychology (2009) ‘World Health Organisation defined health as a complete state of physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity’. In order to achieve good physical a nutrition diet is needed, healthy BMI, rest and adequate physical exercise is needed.
Even more the health belief model links to the Change4Life campaign , as it helps and demonstrates individuals the benefits of their health and the positive outcomes of being active and eating healthy. The Change4Life campaign discusses about physical activity and how individuals can change their life in a healthier one. For example, there are physical activities in different areas run by the Change4Life campaign, which tend to help individuals to keep fit and have a good diet. The Change4Life campaign website offers advice online as well as through different ranges of mass
has become the norm for them because of their living conditions. They may not be able to afford medical care, and it is possible that they are not well educated, so they do not understand the severity of leaving a medical condition untreated. For these reason they may never seek medical attention. In contrast, someone who is of a higher class will be better educated on what to do when they feel ill. They will most likely seek medical help right away, because to them illness is not the norm. They can also afford private medical care if needs be.
The belief that the mind and body were separate, and that all diseases and disorders could be explained by science, founded this conceptual model (Sarafino, 2008). Ergo, this approach saw health care professionals focusing predominately on the physical processes and looked at biochemistry, pathology and other related fields to explain, diagnose and treat illness or disease (Wade, 2004). As a consequence, medical intervention was the primary method used to return the health of an individual to a pre-illness state ‘free from pain, disease or defect’ (Williams, 2016, p.1). However, this model did not take into account any of the external considerations that lead up to the development of certain health conditions. Nor did it consider that a person’s mind could play a role in becoming ill or getting well (Sarafino, 2008). (DOES THIS EXPLAIN IN BETTER
Physical, emotional, intellectual, interpersonal, spiritual, and environmental wellness are all considered the six dimensions of wellness with occupational wellness being the possible seventh. But what are these exactly? And how do they apply to me and my health and wellness?
Health psychology is a relatively new concept rapidly growing and could be defined as the biological and psychological influences affect ones behaviour also bringing in social influences of health and illness (MacDonald, 2013). Biological determinants consider genetic and biological factors of an illness whereas psychological determinants focus on the psychological factors such as why people behave the way they do when dealing with issues such as anxiety and stress. Models such as the Health Belief Model and Locus of Control were developed in attempt to try and explain psychological issues around a chronic illness such as breast cancer (Ogden, 2012). Sociological factors can cause an enormous amount of pressure for one to behave in a certain way for example gender roles in society and religious considerations when dealing with health beliefs. Health Beliefs can be defined as one’s own perception to their own personal health and illness and health behaviours (Ogden, 2012). There are also theories and models used to explain pain and coping with diagnosis such as Moos and Schaefer (1984) Crisis theory and Shontz (1975) cycle of grief people go through when being diagnosed with a serious illness.
The third approach is evidence-based which works from proven strategies to combat prevalent diseases and health outcomes. Some benefits of evidence-based practice is that it is systematic, uses funding correctly and avoids reinventing the wheel. There is a four step process within the evidence-based approach that goes like this: 1) identify the problem, 2) identify risk factors, 3) compare and contrast, and 4) develop a strategy. Steps three and four of the four step process always seem to be the biggest
Personal attitude, value, and beliefs possess a huge influence on a patient’s state of health and illness. Health can be defined as having a perfect body, not having illness, and is something you can buy. In contrast, illness can be described as how it makes someone feel and pathology affecting the body.
The Health Triangle includes the aspects of physical, mental, emotional, and social health. As a teenager, I have strengths and weaknesses that contribute to all three aspects of my health. There is always was for me to improve my health as I point out where that improvement in needed.
It moves beyond a focus on individual behavior towards a wide range of social and environmental interventions.” (2015). I agree with both of those ideas as everyone should have the ability to control their own health as well as live in a supportive environment that empowers people to make healthy choices and be educated on how to do