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Characteristics of introverts and extroverts
Statements about introverts
Characteristics of introverts and extroverts
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Psychologists have shown that there exist two major social behaviors that are widely associated with a person as they mature into young adulthood: extraversion or introversion. Carl Yung, a swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst, coined the term “introversion” versus “extroversion”. His idea was further elaborated upon by Hens Eysenck, a British psychologist, who defined extroverts and introverts by their baseline arousal. As Jerome Kagan, Professor of psychology at Harvard says, ““Introverts” and “extroverts” are not definitive diagnoses like blood types”, a person displays more or less of one of these two traits; extroverts generally has a more advantage over introverts but each of these personality traits has its own strengths and building on these strengths is what one ought …show more content…
The main difference between introverts and extroverts is where they draw their energy from. Extroverts are generally considered as an expressive individual who seem to be energized by outgoing and social activities whereas introverts prefer the solitary pursuits -often embroiled in their own imagination- and may sometimes find the company of others draining. Introvert tend to recharge by reflection over ideas or by enjoying the solitude; they lose energy when they are near the crowd or large group of people. In the book Quite: The power of introverts in the world that can’t stop talking, Susan Cain claims that “Prefrontal cortex in introverts is more activated compared to extroverts.” As prefrontal cortex of the brain is associated with deeper thoughts and planning, it suggests that extroverts may be more impetuous than introverts who mull things over instead of directly kicking off into action. But because of this tendency to think things over in introverts, they are also more vulnerable to such mental problems as anxiety and
The first source that I looked at was the TED talk episode of Susan Cain titled “Power of Introverts”. In her presentation, Susan Cain talks about how she believes that Western culture society is bound to the idea that being an extrovert is less fitting than being an extrovert in school, work force, etc. In the video Susan states that, “in past history, great minds such as Gandhi, Eleanor Roosevelt, and Rosa parks were all introverts and they were important transformative leaders in society”. Cain’s aim here is not to attack extroverts, or to state that they are not as good as introverts. Her argument is that the introverts have an important role to play in many areas of society that is now often being overlooked. One example would be that, introverts have greater willingness to listen to others and their input makes them better leaders than is commonly known. To conclude, she added thoughtfulness and tenacity of introverts, and their keen capability to work independently, often gives them an advantage in creative enterprises like art and scientific improvement, also in more intellectual industries such as science and engineering. In particular, Cain highlights just how vital it is to encourage and support the introvert’s strange talents, and to be patient in dealing with their intimacy or familiarity. She also stresses the importance of inspiring the introvert to come out of their shell as much as they are able, so they may learn to make their opinions be heard, and to be able to reach their full potential and contribute in a world that is more extrovert friendly. When I think of it, it is kind of sad how society believes that wor...
An extrovert may want to go out more often, much to the introvert’s dismay. Flipping the coin, the extrovert will be annoyed at the introvert’s lack of activity in the social world. Another example would be those who perceive and those who justify working together to accomplish a goal, instead of justifiers being annoyed at the perceivers for wanting to move on to project after project without accomplishing anything. Some listings are not as simple as those two, as now we get into pairs of letters. Let’s start with my pairing, “NF”. NF loves to inspire people to work, and would be ideal motivators. It helps them to help others, in other words. There are even more complex synergies or aversions, such as 16 Personalities’ archetypes going against or for each other and 16 Types’ personality types. In the real world, the lines are blurred, and that is where the percentages come into play, for example, if the world was either too borderline or too extreme all the time, nothing would get done. There should be a balance between each temperament for society to work, as it is a collaboration of each fostered personality type percentage. Otherwise it just would not work. Among the people in my life who have taken the test to find out these results, my respite provider, Carol, was one of them, followed by my mother,
...from one another (Agno, 2011). Introverts get their energy internally and extroverts get their energy from being with other people (Agno, 2011). It is all part of human behavior.
For example, when asked a question at work I often answer with “give me just one second”, or “ill get back to you”. Most introverts need time for internal reflection. A chance to process the question and think about my response. Introverts make great listeners, are studious, and are okay with solitary activities (The Personality Page, n.d.). However, most introverts have a hard time with external communication and are sometimes perceived as being non-social (The Personality Page,
“ …my first concern must be with the two general types I have termed introverted and extraverted. But, in addition, I shall also try to give a certain characterization of those special types whose particularity is due to the fact that his most differentiated function plays the principal role in an individual's adaptation or orientation to life.” (Jung)
German psychologist Hans Eysenck’s Model of Nervous System Temperament links temperament traits, specifically introversion and extraversion to the Central Nervous System. Introverted people are typically quiet, reserved, and timid whereas extraverts are active, sociable, and outgoing (151). According to Eysenck, introverts have high levels of brain arousal, which is controlled by the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS). Therefore, introverts do not need to seek external arousal leading them to be more reserved. Contrastingly, he argues that extraverts have lower levels of brain arousal and therefore are more sensation seeking in order to make up for it. In this paper, I will aim to synthesize and summarize some of the research regarding introversion and extraversion and their link to the central nervous system and states of arousal. I will synthesize this information to support the idea that while introversion and extraversion are on some level linked to states of arousal, Eysenck’s arousal hypothesis is not alone sufficient to explain the biological differences between introverted and extraverted individuals and their behaviors as such.
He says, “"extroversion," in contrast to more introverted people.” Extroversion describes people that are outgoing and love meeting and befriending people. Brian tells the audience in his TED talk that there are the three natures of people and extroverts help us understand them, “ First, our biogenic nature -- our neurophysiology. Second, our sociogenic or second nature, which has to do with the cultural and social aspects of our lives. And third, what makes you individually you -- idiosyncratic -- what I call your "idiogenic" nature.” Brian describes how he finds it intriguing how extroverts need stimulation all the time. Brian had mentioned introverts who are people who prefer their own company and are very shy. He explains which category he fits into, “I am an introvert, but I have a core project, which is to profess. I am a professor. And I adore my students, and I adore my field. And I cannot wait to tell them about what 's new, what 's exciting, what I cannot wait to tell them about. And so I act in an extroverted way, because at eight in the morning, the students need a little bit of humor, a little bit of engagement to keep them going in arduous days of study.” Brian brings about the idea that people can switch their personalities temporarily because of certain
There has yet to be any determining evidence defines the characteristics of extraversion. The experimenters in this particular experiment have hypothesized that the facets of extraversion are somehow linked by reward sensitivity. This hypothesis was also tested against a model in which they are linked by sociability. There has been much work on this topic in the past, beginning with the works of Jung and James in the early 20th century—to the work of Watson and Clark in 1997. And even after a century of study, they are still unable to truly define the characteristics of the extraversion dimension of personality. In the many attempts to define extraversion, Watson and Clark have defined six basic facets of the personality trait. These are: venturesome, affiliation, positive affectivity, energy, ascendance, and ambition. Researchers Depue and Collins, in 1999, also offered a more succinct depiction of the characteristics of extraversion, this only having three basic parts. The first being affiliation, the enjoyment and value of close interpersonal bonds, also being warm and affectionate. The second, agency, being socially dominant, enjoying leadership roles, being assertive and exhibitionistic, and having a sense of potency in accomplishing goals. The final facet being impuslivity, but this one has been argued upon whether it should be included at all in the characteristics of extraversion at all.
It is believed that personality was broken into two different yet basic dimensions; extraversion-introversion and neuroticism (Cale, 2006, p. 251). A third dimension came into play later in Eysenck’s research; this would come to be called psychoticism (Cale, 2006, p. 252). Though the other dimensions are important to personality this paper will focus on the biological factors of only extraversion-introversion.
On the other hand, introverts are people who are concerned with and interested in their own mental life and often perceived as more reserved and less outspoken in groups. Unlike extroverts who are feeling energized when they are around a large group of people, introverts have energy drained from them through human interaction. Hence, it is essential for them to spend some alone time to “recharge”. Al...
Extraversion and its counterpart, introversion, have been the focus of many studies spanning several decades. Carl Jung (1971) was the first to describe and document the trait of extroversion-introversion for study. Jung realized that extroversion differed for every person and fell somewhere on a spectrum (Guilford & Braly, 1930). According to J.P. Guilford and Kenneth W. Braly, “Extroversion is based upon a general chemical or metabolic disposition of the nervous system which produces a relative condition of general dissociation, a heightened resistance at the synapses, especially in the higher nervous centers” (Guilford and Braly, 1931). An extroverted person draws their energy from being around people where
Being an introvert should be seen as someone who simply finds pleasure, relaxation, calmness, satisfaction, and tranquility with being by him/herself, a person who feels that loneliness, on the most literal and non harmful level,
Extroverts can actually be effective listeners because their social abilities allow them to ask open-ended and insightful questions. The society we currently live in favors extroverts because of their social skills, being able to interact with others allows them to obtain various opportunities such as a job or an acceptance to a certain college. Because extroverts are energized, social individuals, they thrive in active environments and often enjoy fast-paced careers and prefer to talk through their problems instead of thinking through them. In general, extroverts are enthusiastic, friendly, optimistic and persuasive. Every extroverted person is unique and complex.
There are two distinct personality types: introverts and extroverts. Introverts like to keep their thoughts to themselves and prefer to be alone; however, introverts are not always shy. On the other hand, extroverts are comfortable with sharing their ideas and opening up to others quickly. According to Anthony Hilling in “Extrovert and Introvert—what is the difference?, “It is wrong to think of introverts as being antisocial.” Furthermore, introverts and extroverts choose to socialize differently. Carl Jung defines “introversion as an attitude-type characterised by orientation in life through subjective psychic contents (focus on one's inner psychic activity).” Introverts are known for articulating their thoughts clearly in writing because they “tend to stop, reflect and absorb information before speaking, they reflect this kind of deliberate thought in their writing.” There is an apparent difference between the two personality types, explaining why many people believe that introverts and ex...
479). Throughout my life, I have always been described by teachers, friends, and family as an introvert. I’m shy around other people and often have a difficult time talking to them. In school, I’m the student that the teacher doesn’t know if I’m in class or not, unless I participate in discussions. It was interesting to learn more about introversion by reading about it in the book and the discussions in class. I was intrigued by the research information in the book, “shyness has a strong biological influence” (Grison, Heatherton,Gazzaniga, 2017, p. 484). My grandfather displayed the same quiet nature. Whenever, I went to my grandparent’s home, I noticed how he sat and listened intently to others, but didn’t speak much. He has always had a quiet nature. In addition, I learned more about the trait from the Eysenck’s Biological Trait Theory of Personality, which described how “personality traits had two major dimensions: