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Essay on therapies in hemophilia
Essay on therapies in hemophilia
Essay on therapies in hemophilia
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Recommended: Essay on therapies in hemophilia
I. Background Information and Clinical Need
As for treating hemophilia, replacement therapy is a main treatment as concentrates of clotting factor VIII for hemophilia A or clotting factor IX for hemophilia B are injected into a vein. These infusions help replace the clotting factor that’s missing. These recombinant clotting factors are easy to store, mix and use at home, which takes about 15 minutes to receive the factor.
Complications of Replacement Therapy exist as developing antibodies might attack the clotting factors. These antibodies are also called inhibitors, which develop, in about 20-30 percent of people who have severe hemophilia A. When antibodies develop, doctors use larger doses of clotting factor to have the antibodies go away. Researchers are currently studying new ways to deal with antibodies to clotting factors. Moreover people may develop viral infections from the clotting factors as they may carry viruses that cause HIV/AIDS and hepatitis. However there is minimal risk to getting an infectious disease due to careful screening of blood donors, testing of donated blood products, treating donated blood products with a detergent and heat to destroy viruses, and vaccinating people
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Proposed Idea and Method
The students decided to call the proposed idea “The Clotting Patch”. This is a revolutionary new patch that the students hope will help individuals who suffer from hemophilia and other blood clotting disorders. The method by which this clotting patch works is similar to that of a nicotine patch. The ultimate goal of this clotting patch is for the clotting factors to diffuse across the skin and eventually reach the bloodstream.
To the students’ knowledge, there currently aren’t any devices or therapies on the market that treat blood clotting disorders using the proposed method. The students hope that this proposed method would elevate the standard of life of individuals with blood clotting disorders and help them lead a more fulfilled
One character that changed in their story was Andy from “On the Sidewalk Bleeding.” At the beginning of the story, Andy was proud to be a champion, proud to be a Royal. He was not ashamed of who he was. In “On the Sidewalk Bleeding”, it states, “He could remember how happy he was when the Royals had taken him...There had been meaning to the title.” This shows that Andy was proud of who he was. He was not scared of the Guardians. However, towards the end of the story Andy realizes he was stabbed because of his Royals jacket, not because he was Andy. He develops hatred for the jacket, knowing know that winning a championship was nothing to die for, nothing to give up seeing his lover. In the story it states, “The jacket had only one meaning,
On the other hand, if Biopure chooses not to launch Oxyglobin then it will lose the revenue stream and an opportunity to differentiate itself in the market. Moreover, Biopure, with Hemopure, will be entering the market along with other two competitors and will face fierce competition. Additionally, Biopure competitors, Baxter International and Northfield Laboratories, are launching blood substitutes relied on human blood, Biopure will need to address the endowment and status quo effects and convince consumers to shift from using human based blood substitutes to cattle based blood substitutes and hence will lose valuable time to promote the benefits of its Hemopure product before launch. Finally, based on the analysis of gains and losses, it is recommended that Biopure to launch Oxyglobin because it has a relative advantage than not
Bad Blood: A Cautionary Tale focuses on the lives of many hemophilic patients and their journey to seek medical treatment which eventually led to exposure to hepatitis and AIDS for as many at 95% of the hemophilic community. The documentary focuses on the creation and consequences of a medication known as “factor 8”, which was used to stop bleeding in patients with hemophilia. The documentary exposes pharmaceutical companies and the fact that they were using contaminated blood to create such medications. These pharmaceutical companies were using unconventional methods of obtaining blood with the addition of not testing the blood for any diseases as they were looking to fulfill the large demand of the drug in the United States and many countries around the world. The film focuses on exposing the problem of the lack of governmental regulations to protect patients against the pharmaceutical companies in the United States, especially the hemophilic community. Patients with hemophilia had access to medication that would control their disease, however, that treatment was contaminated and would eventually cost them their lives. The film has one goal and that is to expose one of the worse outbreaks of diseases in the United States. It achieves its goal by putting emphasis on the fact that many lives could have been saved if someone had listened and stopped the pharmaceutical companies who were looking to make a profit out of their newly created “miracle”
The cryoprecipitate is used for patients who don’t have enough or are unable to produce sufficient fibrinogen and clotting factor VIII. The FFP and cryoprecipitate can both be used for patients who have had a liver transplants and trauma cases in which the patients has clotting problems. The other products such as the immunoglobulin are used for fighting diseases because of the antibodies in the plasma. The anti-D is used in pregnancies in case of an RhD incompatibility between the baby and the mother; this stops the mother creating antibodies against the baby. The albumin and the clotting factors are used for patients who have a deficiency of these proteins.
In some individuals with severe hemophilia, the factor VIII replacement therapy is identified as a foreign substance by their immune system. If this happens, their immune system will make antibodies against factor VIII. These antibodies will inhibit the ability of the factor to work in the clotting process. The higher the antibody or inhibitor level, the more factor VIII replacement therapy it takes to overcome the inhibition and produce clotting. This can complicate the treatment of a bleed. The good news is that there are different types of therapies available to successfully treat most individuals who develop inhibitors.
Ofri, D (2000). Diagnosis and Treatment of Deep-Vein Thrombosis. Western Journal of Medicine; 173: 194-197.
Hemophilia is a rare bleeding disorder that slows the blood clotting process, which is not normal. Some people with Hemophilia may just have a little bit of “clotting factor” or no clotting factor at all (National Institute of Health [NIH], 2013). Clotting factor is a protein in blood that controls bleeding and they are needed the blood to clot normally. In order to help the blood clot, clotting factors work with “platelets” (National Institute of Health [NIH], 2013). Platelets are small blood cell fragments that form in the bone marrow, a tissue in the bones that is similar to a sponge. The functions of platelets have a very important role in blood clotting; the role of a platelet is to stick together (by the help of clotting factors) to block cuts, break on the carriers of blood (veins or arteries) throughout the body, and stop the bleeding when “blood vessels” (National Institutes of Health [NIH], 2013) are injured. Blood vessels are tube like structures carrying blood through the tissues and organs, like a vein, artery, or capillary. People with hemophilia do not have enough “clotting factor VIII or IX” (World Federation of Hemophilia [WFH], 2013) in their blood, which results to prolonged bleeding or oozing, meaning that bleeding can last longer (though, not faster) than usual after surgeries, accidents, or having teeth pulled out at the dentist. Clotting factor VIII, which can also be called as “anti-hemophilic factor” (AHF, for short) (Patient.co.uk, 2011), is a blood clotting protein that is necessary for humans to have. Clotting Factor IX is a protein that i...
Blood doping could have opposite effect of those intended. A large infusion of red blood cells could increase blood thickness and cause a decrease in cardiac output and a reduction in oxygen content. Both would reduce aerobic capacity. The human heart was not designed to pump thickened blood throughout the body and, therefore, it could lead to a multitude of problems. The diseases that can be contracted from autologous blood transfusion are severe. Even more frightening is the list of diseases that can be contracted through homologous blood transfusion. It includes hepatitis, AIDS, malaria, and CMV. In addition, shock is a factor to be aware of.
Today i'm going to be talking about Hemophilia and the general overview of it. I will also talk about any potential cures. I will be talking about what Hempohilia can do to your body. I will also be talking about if theres a cure or just a treatment to make it less worse. I will also be talking about how people with Hemophilia deal with this disease. I will also explain how people will benefit from extended research on thi s topic. I’ll also talk about my personal opininon on this topic and what I think about it. So for my first question I’m explaining what the characteristics of Hemophilia are. The characteristics of Hemophilia are not very deadly but can be very annoying I’ll also explan the genetic causes of this disease.
The changes in f8 and f9 gene are responsible for hemophilia A and B. the f8 gene codes for a protein called coagulation 8. This protein is responsible for the blood clotting process. After an injury blood clots protect the body by sealing off the area of injury. Mutation in the f8 and f9 gene can lead to the abnormal form of the protein. Also can lead to a reduction of the coagulation pro...
Market Analysis The combination of lengthy approval process of the FDA, intellectual property laws, and R&D capital requirements, poses a high entry barrier in the blood substitute markets. The human market is expected to experience moderate future growth affected by an increase in population, and in particular the proportion of older citizens. Also, the human market suffers from uneven seasonal variations in blood supply and demand. There is higher demand in summer and winter holiday seasons and this demand is exacerbated by lower donations. Although the total potential size of the human market in the US is 13.5 million units (Exhibit 1), Hemopure's long shelf life and lack of need for refrigeration makes it particularly suitable for trauma cases estimated at 2 million units.
……………………………… Date submitted…11/09/14……….. By submitting this work electronically I declare that the work submitted is my own original work, and I have not plagiarised and this is entirely my own work and referenced accordingly to the Vancouver System. The aim of anticoagulant therapy is to reduce blood coagulability to an optimal therapeutic range within which the patient is provided some degree of protection from thromboembolic events. It is estimated that in the UK, there are approximately 1.25 million people currently prescribed oral anticoagulant drugs 2, with warfarin being the most commonly used worldwide. Currently there are four oral anticoagulants
DISCUSSION: Percutaneous fixation of scaphoid fractures was first introduced by Streli in 1970. Then Herbert developed headless compression screw, and later Whipple modified it into a headless cannulated screw. Whipple also added the arthroscopic assisted reduction and for percutaneous fixation of scaphoid fractures 38.
Deep Vein Thrombosis Symptoms, Causes and Treatment Introduction Deep vein thrombosis or DVT, is an endovascular disorder which occurs when a blood clot (thrombus), forms in one or more of the deep veins in the body. DVT usually occurs in the legs. Certain medications which affect how the blood clots can cause DVT to develop. DVT can also develop if you don’t move for a long time, usually after a surgery or accident, or when an individual is confined to bed.
...ver problems. It may also make the person more likely to get infections. Blood transfusions may help control some symptoms. But this could lead to having too much iron, as it stated before. Too much iron could damage the heart, liver, and endocrine system.