Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Essay on therapies in hemophilia
Essay on therapies in hemophilia
Hemophilia research paper intro
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Essay on therapies in hemophilia
Hemophilia is a genetic disorder in which the blood does not clot normally. It’s a rare bleeding disorder that has been happening since ancient times. Men are the ones mainly affected by it. One in five thousand men born each year have Hemophilia. Yet women can be carriers and just like men, they can suffer from symptoms too. Women can only have Hemophilia if their father does and mother is a carrier, it’s uncommon but can happen. Hemophilia affects all races and ethnic groups. It’s all based on your family tree. A man with Hemophilia will pass the gene down to his daughters, leading to them becoming carriers. A woman with the gene has a fifty percent chance of passing the gene down on to her sons. If there was no family history of Hemophilia but the woman is a carrier, a son could possibly be the first one in the family to have it. If there’s one thing for certain about hemophilia is that it does not discriminate against anyone. Hemophilia has affected royalty as well as high and low class men all throughout history. A famous carrier of Hemophilia was Queen Victoria. One of her sons, Leopold had Hemophilia and two of her daughters, Alice and Beatrice were carriers. Royalty would marry into other royal families. Therefore Hemophilia continued to be passed down the royal tree giving Hemophilia the nickname as the ‘Royal Disease’. One of the following generations being affected was Alexei, the son of Alexandra and Nicholas the Czar of Russia. Alexei inherited the disease from his mother who was a carrier. Queen Victoria was the maternal grandmother of Alexandra. The ‘Royal Disease’ was was continuing to greatly affect the royals. After doctors were not able to do anything to help Alexei, his mother turned to Rasputin for help. Raspu... ... middle of paper ... ...r sons that eventually made it’s way down to the Russian Czar’s family. Hemophilia does not target anyone nor race in particular. It’s only because men have only one X chromosome there isn’t another one like women have to offset it. Women can experience problems from being carriers, but not nearly as extreme as men with it do. Having severe Hemophilia has a huge impact on a man’s life. He cannot think or act rash. If he chooses to, he is risking his life. From a bloody nose to a pulled out tooth, it will take longer for the bleeding to reduce and stop. Due to the fact that Hemophilia is only on the X chromosome the chance a boy will get it all depends on his mother. If she doesn’t have it he is safe, but if she does he has a fifty percent chance of getting it. Awareness about Hemophilia is continuing to be spread just like treatment continues to advance.
The mindset of every living organism is to survive and reproduce. As such, it may be surprising to hear that diseases actually plays a crucial role in the survival of our predecessors. In the book Survival of the Sickest, Dr. Sharon Moalem discusses the role these hereditary disorders played in keeping our very ancestors alive. Three examples mentioned in the reading selection include hemochromatosis, diabetes, as well as favism. All the diseases I mentioned had a specific aspect, to which I found particularly appealing. In the case of hemochromatosis, I found it intriguing how the author used his own life to draw a connection between the two traits. Dr. Sharon Moalem lost his grandfather to hemochromatosis and later was diagnosed with the
Pregnant women with syphilis have a high chance of miscarriage or stillbirth, this is why people think that they got it from one of their wives (“Syphilis”). It is also believed that Henry could have had the gout (Brown). Gout is a disease that targets men in the age range of 40-50 years. This disease causes pain and swelling in the toes and feet (“Go ask Alice”). Henry died in 1547 due to the gout and syphilis, which they classified as a brain disease and made him very aggressive (Dague).
Rasputin’s loyalty to the czar and his family made him “immune” to the attempts of exile from Russia (DISCovering). Aleksey Nickolayevich was a hemophiliac (Rasputin). On one certain occasion, doctors were called in to check on the young heir. After nothing seemed to help, “Grigory Rasputin, who was reported to have miraculous powers of faith healing, was brought to Alexandra” (Massie 259). Rasputin didn’t cure Aleksey of hemophilia, but his ability to control the symptoms was “indisputable” (Fuhrmann 26). “In December 1916, a group of conservative aristocrats laced Rasputin’s wine with potassium cyanide at a soiree in the Yousoupov Palace” (DISCovering). The poison wasn’t strong enough to kill Rasputin. He was shot once, “lurched” at his attackers and they shot him again (DISCovering).
Genetic disorders can be caused by many of the 46 chromosomes in human cells. This specific disorder is linked to a mutation in the long arm of the X, or 23rd chromosome. The mutation is recessive, meaning a normal X chromosome can hide it. Females have two X chromosomes allowing them to hide the mutated recessive one, making them a carrier of the gene, while males only have one X chromosome, meaning that they are unable to hide the mutation and they become effected by the disease. Therefore if a male carries the gene, he is affected because he has no way of dominating the recessive gene, but if a female carries it, she is only a carrier and has a 50/50 chance of passing it on to her baby. This may seem like a high probability however, only one in every fifty thousand male births will have this immunodeficiency disease.
Hemophilia later developed a reputation as the "royal disease" because it passed from Queen Victoria of England to her descendants throughout the royal houses of Europe. About eighty percent of all cases of hemophilia have an identifiable family history of the disease; in other instances, it may be attributable to a spontaneous mutation. Researchers recently discovered that the spontaneous mutation of the factor VIII gene in two children was due to the attachment of a foreign "jumping gene" that disrupted the blood-clotting ability of the factor VIII gene. Inheritance is controlled by a recessive sex-linked factor carried by the mother on the X chromosome. A probability of one in two exists that each boy born to a normal male and a carrier female will be hemophiliac and the same chance that each girl of this union will be a carrier.
In the early 1980s, most people with Hemophilia were injected with “HIV”, because the factors used for treatment were isolated from injected human plasma. Since then, “virus sterilizing techniques” and the use of “artificial factors” have greatly reduced this risk. Hemophilia A can also be known as classic Hemophilia (because it is more common) and factor VIII deficiency. Hemophilia B is also known as Christmas disease, and factor IX deficiency.
Haemophilia is used to describe a collection of hereditary genetic diseases that affect a mammal’s body’s capability to control thrombogenesis. Thrombogenesis is the way in which blood clots which is an important role in haemostasis. Two common forms of haemophilia are A and B. (1) Someone with A (otherwise known as classic haemophilia), clotting factor VIII is does not exist enough or is entirely absent. A person with haemophilia B (otherwise known as Christmas disease), clotting factor does not exist enough or is also entirely absent. Those with the disorder do not bleed a lot they just simply bleed for a longer period of time. All people with haemophilia A or B are born with the disorder as it is a hereditary disorder and passed down through generations very few cases of haemophilia are not genetic and are therefore rendered a spontaneous gene mutation which is then passed down.
Hemophillia is a rare bleeding disorder in which the blood does not clot normally. Hemophillia is usually inherited and people born with it have little or no clotting factor (a protein needed for normal blood clotting). These proteins work together with platelets to help the blood clot. When blood vessels are injured, clotting factors help platelets stick together to plug cuts and breaks on the vessels. Hemophillia usually occurs in males with about 1 in every 5 000 males being born with the disease each year. A hemophiliac does not bleed more intensely than a person without it but can bleed for a much longer time. In some severe cases, continuous bleeding occurs after minor trauma or can even happen spontaneously.They may also bleed inside their body(internally), especially in the knees, ankles, and elbows. The bleeding can damage organs and tissues and may be life threatening. There are two main types of hemophilia: A and B. People born with type A are missing or have low levels of clotting factor VIII (1 in 5 000 males). People born with type B are missing or have low levels of clotting factor IX (1 in 20 000 males). About 8 out of 10 people who have hemophillia have type A. The greatest concern for both types is deep internal bleeding and bleeding into joints. Hemophilia is a life long disease, but with proper treatment and self-care, most people maintain an active productive lifestyle.
act of sexual means such as oral, anal, kissing and genital contact. One of the most commonly reported STD in the United States is Chlamydia. The number of this infection is gradually increasing worldwide and costing billions of dollars to health care systems. Today, there is not set type of screening practice or a vaccine available for this infection to decrease globally. Presently, the only treatment available to help ease with the problem, temporarily, is in the form of an antibiotic, which has failed to halt the increase. As a result of this quickly spreading disease, the need for a vaccination to reduce the rate of the spread is desperately needed.
The gene for hemophilia is carried on the X chromosome. The gene for hemophilia is
There’s to major forms of hemophilia much more communing to in occur in males then females, hemophilia A is much more common ,1 in 4000 to 1 in 5000 males worldwide is born w. this condition. Hemophilia B appixmately in 1 to 20,000 newborn males worldwide. (U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2012)Although the numbers may .seem rare it is still an extreme serious condition not to be taken lightly.
Unfortunately this disease is passed down from the parent to the child genetically. “If both parents have sickle cell trait (each have one normal hemoglobin gene and one sickle cell gene), the child has a 50% chance of inheriting sickle cell trait (one normal gene, one sickle cell gene), 25% chance of inheriting sickle cell disease (two sickle cell genes), and 25% chance of not inheriting either the trait or the disease (two normal genes) (Harvey)”.
Hemophilia is an inherited disease which slows the blood clotting process due to missing or reduced clotting factor proteins. Although uncommon, it is possible for Hemophilia to be acquired if the body produces antibodies that attack clotting factors. Only 30% of Hemophilia cases are due to spontaneous mutations. Hemophilia is a rare disorder. Approximately 1 in 5000 males has Hemophilia. The disorder is much more common in males than females. It is estimated that over 400000 individuals worldwide (.006% of the world’s population) have Hemophilia (National Hemophilia Foundation). Individuals with Hemophilia do not lose blood at a faster rate than others but they do bleed for longer. Small cuts and bruises are not usually life threatening but any serious injury or invasive surgery has the potential to be life threatening because of this disorder. Hemophilia can also cause internal bleeding, which can cause organ or tissue damage. This can be life threatening as well. There are two types of Hemophilia. Hemophilia A is due to the individual producing low levels of clotting factor VIII while Hemophilia B is due to the individual producing low levels of clotting factor IX. Clotting factors are proteins which interact with platelets so that clots can be formed. Clotting factors allow the platelets to clump together to seal cuts and tears in blood vessels to prevent excessive bleeding. Hemophilia can be mild moderate or severe depending on the amount of clotting factor in the blood. Individuals with mild Hemophilia have 6% to 49% of the normal amount of clotting factor. Individuals with moderate hemophilia have 1% to 5%, while those with severe have less than 1% of the normal clotting factor (National Hemophilia Foundation). Indivi...
Growing up with Hemophilia has provided me with a different childhood than most children. Hemophilia is a rare hereditary bleeding disorder in which blood cannot clot due to a deficiency in factor VIII in the body. Hemophilia patients don't
I will be investigating Human Blood as my specific tissue and giving an overview on the location, characteristics, and the benefits it has to the human body. Blood is extracellular matrix that is consists of plasma, red blood cells, platelets, and white blood cells. Blood is located within the capillaries/veins/arteries of the human body, which are blood vessels that run through the entire body. These blood vessels allow the blood to flow smoothly and quickly from the heart to distinct parts of the human body. The unique parts of human blood all work together for a purpose: the Red Blood Cells(erythrocytes) transports oxygen throughout the body, White Blood Cells(leukocytes) play a part in the bodies immune system, Platelets(thrombocytes) assist in creating scabs,