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The styles of northern and italian renaissance painting
Renaissance art exssay
Italian renaissance art quizlet
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The Renaissance Era was the most important time for Christian Artwork as it brought about new innovations in art and helped raise the spirits of those that felt let down by the Catholic Church. It began in Italy, but would later spread out to the rest of Europe as the world enriched itself and made way from medieval to modern times. During this time, more known Christian Art was being produced and new innovations in art were being created. No other time in history has matched it as it is a truly unique era that raised the faith in people and made them want to learn more about the world than simply accept things as they had done in the medieval period.
The Renaissance had made it very popular to include biblical subjects in paintings, such as
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This technique gave the dramatic effect of light by working in the shadows on the painting as to give it the illusion of shiny light. However, the technique would not have been perfected if the invention of oil paint had not become as popular as it did then. This was useful for artist as it made the it easier for artist to edit their painting seeing as it took months to dry. Many of the artwork beforehand had been made with Tempura which proved to be difficult as it dried too fast and made it harder for artist to be as precise as they wanted to be.
Two of the most famous Christian artist included Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo. They spent many years of their life being devoted to their faith, proven by their artwork, and their inventions. They both created famous artwork that is very well-known today, but still managed to excel in other aspects such as architecture. Since they could focus on more than just their artwork they came to be known as Renaissance
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Another theme often used was that of humanity. Italian artists attempted to make God and Jesus appear as more human rather than unattainable beings that did not care for us. They wanted to give the subjects of The Bible more emotions than they had ever done before. Many of them doing this by depicting them as feeling great sadness. Michelangelo’s Pieta is a great example of this because he makes Jesus appear much smaller than Mary to show the vulnerability Jesus felt in his crucifixion. This also helped show Mary as a protective and loving mother rather than just the vessel used for the
Leonardo Da Vinci was one of the most famous artists during the time of the Renaissance, The Mona Lisa for example, was a painting created between 1503 and 1506, it is the most famous painting ever painted. It is a portrait of the young wife of a Florentine silk merchant. It shows a young woman with her famous smile sitting on a balcony high above a landscape.
When a person thinks about the Renaissance, the first thing that comes to mind is more than likely knights in shining armor fighting off dragons and saving the princess. However, lets look at a more realistic approach towards the Renaissance and talk about what really brings out the brilliance and the beauty of this time period, which is nonetheless the art that was informed and inspired by classical antiquity from the Greeks and the Roman civilizations. The artist during the Renaissance was pure genius and masters of draftsmanship and distinguished techniques in displaying a command of lighting, flawless perspectives of image, accurate portrayals of flora and fauna, and the complexities and intricacies of human anatomy and physiology. This period was heavily influenced by religious relic and concepts and these artists expanded beyond the ideas of religious intuitive. Renaissance art was a movement of rediscovering people as individuals as a person and not just another being and this proven through the faces on paintings that have profound and very distinctive displays and expression of emotion. Artwork during the Renaissance became the it thing to do spreading into the households of wealthy merchants, bankers, popes, and princes spending large amounts of money on portraits, miniatures, and still life photographs.
Christianity has had a major impact in European history as the majority of the populations were Christians, and as many nations started out as Christendom. Even today, it has a profound impact in the decision making of nations and billions of people who follow its doctrine. Therefore, representing Christianity through the medium of art was an important factor artists had to consider. Many artists decided to paint the scene of the Crucifixion of Jesus as it is considered to be the most important scene for many Christians. Some artists, like Christus, opted for a more emotionally muted route while other artists, like Crivelli, went on to capture the emotional distress of the scene. Neither method is objectively better than the other as both artists
The early and high Italian renaissance art differed tremendously from Northern European art. The main component of Italian artwork during the “rebirth” era was religion. Artists outside of Italy mainly focused on the everyday life and were popular because of technological advances. Political instability introduced powerful families and city-states that commissioned various artworks. A grand interest in humanism provided wonderful details in both sculptures and paintings. The only difference between Italian and Netherlands artwork seem to be the focus on religion. As public opinion was starting to get its deserved attention in the late sixteenth century, focus was now more on the everyday life, rather than depictions of narratives from The Old and New Testament.
Though the Renaissance era included all of Europe, Italy was the cradle of the movement. The cities of Florence, Rome and Venice were of great importance to this period. Major artists created art mainly in these three. As the center of Italy, Rome held the residence of the Pope and many other important factors. Throughout history, the Roman Catholic Church was very insistent on promoting their ideas. During this time, they used artists and their creativity to promote the Bible and other aspects of their beliefs. Artists were paid, or commissioned by patrons (often the Pope) to create art they wanted. One of the most ambitious patrons was Pope Julius II, who realized the impact visual images had on people’s ideas (Kleiner, 599). Pope Julius II was called the warring Pope, because he often went and involved himself in wars. He also held very humanistic ideas. Because of this, Michelangelo’s relationship to Pope Julius II was very different from his relationship with Pope Leo X, who succeeded Julius II. Julius, because of his adaptions to humanistic thoughts, he let Michelangelo express himself to the fullest, even when forcing him to paint the Sistine Chapel. Leo X, however, was very critical of everything Michelangelo set out upon. This resulted a strained relationship, and eventually abandonment of projects that were supposed to be completed. It is clear that Pope Julius II had a liking for Michelangelo, while the Medici’s looked on him as a type of lowly artist subject to their will.
During the Renaissance artists changed the way they painted and sculpted, they learned how to paint in all three dimensions, which brought life and realism to their works. Also, getting away from the religious roots of art created an entirely new type of art that was rich in drama and emotion. This was also the time period when painting with oils was started.
The Christian Church was absolutely instrumental in the art of the Renaissance. It was the driving force behind every inspiration; without the Church, there would have been no art. The Church was the only institution powerful enough to be able to support the commissions of all of the artwork, and it was the only institution, in which people had enough faith and devotion to spend so much of their time and money creating pieces that—although beautiful—were not necessities. The role of religion in art actually began during the Byzantine era. During this time, all artwork was religious in nature, and most of it was done in a consistently similar style so that figures from the Bible could be easily recognized by everyone and so that people had a consistent view of religious matters. Art during this time was largely iconic, meant to inspire the awe of God in the viewer. Along with various versions of the crucifix, one of the most popular images of the Byzantine style was The Pantokrator, an image of Jesus Christ as shown from above. An example of one of these pieces was done in the twelfth century in the abbey church of Monreale in the city of Palermo. Jesus is a monumental figure that takes up much of the space across the apse of the Church. One of his hands forms a mudra as the other holds the scripture. His fully frontal and direct stance along with the glimmering gold background serves to strike awe and fear into the viewer. Clearly this piece was done with the intent to impress the value and mightiness of religion first and attention to the detail and technique of the art second.
During my second time visiting the museum, I looked at paintings from the 15th and 19th centuries. Two of the art works that I choose is “The Story of Joseph” from the Renaissance period and “The Marketplace” from the modern art period. Both of these paintings were from different time periods but they were also very similar in content and style.
Renaissance art is a component of the Renaissance, it was a period of literary, artistic, and scientific revival occurred in Europe in the sixteenth century. The key aspect of the Renaissance period as is the renewal of themes and art in Europe after the middle ages. For the first time, art enters the private sphere; the works are no longer just driven by religious or secular power, but enter houses. The renewal of philosophical reflection provides artists with new ideas. Painters and sculptors do not hesitate to represent the beauty of the naked human body. The four great masters of art create art forms that are still references for many artists from the renaissance till today.
“Known as the Renaissance, the period immediately following the Middle Ages in Europe saw a great revival of interest in the classical learning and values of ancient Greece and Rome” (History). The word Renaissance is French for rebirth (Sachs 7). The origins can be traced back to Italy in the 14th century (History). Florence, Venice, and Rome grew into major centers in art, due to the changes that were occurring during this time (Sachs 7.) Artists across the country were exploring their newfound creativity and for new ways to express these advanced concepts (Sachs 7). The Renaissance was a time for artistic expression, especially through the eyes of Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Raphael.
The shift between the Middle Ages and the Renaissance was characterized by great socio-economic, political, and religious changes. Politically, the feudal system of the Middle Ages was exchanged for a more stable centralized republic/monarchy system that gave the people more freedom and input. Religiously, secularism became more important as stability gave people a chance to concern themselves with the “here and now” rather than simply the “hereafter.” Socially, there was a shift from dogma and unshakeable belief to humanism and the ability to interpret things for oneself. The Middle Ages began around 400 CE and lasted until 1400 CE while the Renaissance began around 1200 and continued until 1600. The 200 years that overlap between these two periods contain many pieces of “transition” art in which it is obvious that the change is beginning to take place. These collective changes that took place in this period dictated change in art as well. There were changes in iconography, style, purpose, and patronage that facilitated the overall transformation of art from a sense of illustrating what you are told to believe is true to optical realism and conveying how you yourself interpret that “truth”.
The apex of the Italian Renaissance rolled at around 1490 and lasted for forty years. Some examples of the High Renaissance painters include the following: Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Raphael. Their works outshone their precursors: the High Renaissance artists emphasized anatomy and realism. The number of religious figures in paintings abated during the High Renaissance; in fact, artists began removing certain elements from theological paintings to intensify the realism. For these artists, realism was the palpable, the human, the observable; consequently, an altitudinous rise of the humanistic spirit concomitant with the fall of the spiritual climate became a recognizable feature of the High Renaissance. It was when da Vinci skilfully crafted his Vitruvian Man, the Mona Lisa, and The Last Supper; Michelangelo sculpted David and Moses then; Raphael finished with his School of Athens. Though the High Renaissance was an incontrovertibly beautiful time for the visual arts, immorality was pervasive. Most artists were not careful in managing their hubris and their sin. Two of the three above have been known to have a proclivity for homosexual acts. While da Vinci was particularly insecure about his work, Michelangelo was a perfectionist who tried to rival the nonpareil former. These virtuosos did not accredit God for their talent: acquiescing to the Pope’s wishes were merely done out of their inability to refuse (i.e., furthering their profession). The Bible, in Philippians 2:9-11, commanded humankind to sing paeans to the Lord. (“Therefore God exalted him to the highest place and gave him the name that is above every name, that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, and every tongue acknowledge that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.”) The Italian Renaissance men’s declining of reverence for the Lord
Much of the art created during the Renaissance was geared toward religion, and with Michelangelo this was no exception. By th...
There are many similarities and differences between Classical Roman and Early Christian Art. What particularly stands out to me is how much these two cultures have in common when it comes to their art and architecture. Romans were geniuses when it came to engineering and we can see that in the monuments they left behind. Many early Christian architectural styles and ideas were adopted straight from the Romans. Their communities became organized geographically much like those of the Roman provincial governments. Christian cultural styles derived straight from Roman visual traditions. Early Christian art features the adoption of Roman art forms for Christian purposes. Their art also featured recycling of images and sculpture to be used as early representations of Christ.
The introduction of Christianity as a major religion followed the pattern of other ancient religions. Many of the great works of art were done for religious purposes. Some of the most famous artworks in history are religious. Just a few that come immediately to mind are The Last Supper, the ceiling of the Cysteine Chapel, and the Statue of David. Even during the period known as the Dark Ages art was inspired by religion. True, the art was generally dark and full of death and demons, but the art was based upon religious themes, mostly from the book of Revelations. As with the art that preceded it, the religious art of Christianity is full of symbolism. For example, a painting where the man is standing with two fingers upraised on his right hand is generally a religious leader such as a pope or Jesu...