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What is childhood trauma essay
What is childhood trauma essay
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c. Measures
Demographic variables. Firstly, all participants are asked to give information about their date of birth, gender, socioeconomic status, ethnic background and education.
Traumatic events in childhood will be measured using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF) Dutch Version. The CTQ-SF questionnaire is a retrospective self-report with 28-items. The CTQ-SF measures five types of negative childhood experiences: physical abuse (e.g., “I believe that I was physically abused”); emotional neglect (e.g. “People in my family called me ‘stupid, lazy, or ugly”); physical neglect (e.g., “I had to wear dirty clothes”); emotional neglect (e.g., “I felt that someone in my family hated me”); and sexual abuse (e.g., “Someone molested me”). Five items assess each the types of negative
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The selected psychiatric hospitals will be contacted by mail and invited for participation in the study. After two weeks, psychiatric hospitals will be phoned and asked, if they want to participate. If psychiatric hospitals agree, they will be asked to report the number of psychotic patients that they have in treatment and that they can participate. After that, an appointment will be scheduled in order to begin the study. Moreover, the researcher will meet each patient individually and inform for the purpose of the study. Patients, can also decide themselves, if they want to participate or not.
Procedures for data collection. After consenting to take part, one trained psychologists will administer the questionnaires. The procedure will last approximately 3 hours. In particular, for the study group, a trained psychologist, who will be aware of the clinical status of the patient will administer the questionnaires in the following order, the demographics questionnaire, the Dissociative Experiences Scale, the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition and after having a break they were given the CTQ-SF as part of a standard intake test
Reviewing the 12 Core Concepts of the National Child Trauma Stress Network, James is suffering from three of the 12 concepts. Number 1 core concept, Traumatic experience are inherently complex. Traumatic experiences are inherently complex no experience are the same varying degrees of objective life threat, physical violation, witnessing of an injury or death. The victim perceives their surroundings and decides what is best for them now safety and self-protection. Number 4 core concept, A child or adolescent can exhibit an extensive range of reactions to suffering and loss. Number 9 core concept, the developmental neurobiology triggers a youth’s reactions to traumatic experience. In this paper, we will be covering another trauma that affects the social worker or case worker who works on these cases of
Psychiatric hospitals, also known as mental hospitals and mental asylums, are hospitals or wards specializing in the treatment of serious psychiatric diseases, such as clinical depression, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. Psychiatric hospitals vary widely in their size and grading. Some hospitals may specialize only in short-term or outpatient therapy for low-risk patients. Others may specialize in the temporary or permanent care of residents who, as a result of a psychological disorder, require routine assistance, treatment, or a specialized and controlled environment. Patients are often admitted on a voluntary basis, but people whom psychiatrists believe may pose a significant danger to themselves or others may be subject to involuntary commitment.
In a Ted Talk entitled “How childhood trauma affects health across a lifetime,” pediatrician Nadine Burke Harris explains how repeated abuse and neglect can have effects on the brain. Harris has started a clinic with her colleagues, focusing on childhood trauma and its affects. Harris routes her talk with scientific research and evidence, but her information is presented in a way for everyone to understand. To support her claim about childhood trauma, Harris establishes her ethos, by presenting information from herself and her colleagues, and various others, giving her creditability. Harris relies on logos and pathos throughout her talk as well, saying how one’s ACE score directly affects their health. Her pathos is credited here by allowing the audience to have an emotional response and also her logos as strong evidence is being used.
According to (Barlow, 2001), Schizophrenia is a psychological or mental disorder that makes the patient recognize real things and to have abnormal social behavior. Schizophrenia is characterized by symptoms such as confused thinking, hallucinations, false beliefs, demotivation, reduced social interaction and emotional expressions (Linkov, 2008). Diagnosis of this disorder is done through observation of patient’s behavior, and previously reported experiences (Mothersill, 2007). In this paper, therefore, my primary goal is to discuss Schizophrenia and how this condition is diagnosed and treated.
Psychological maltreatment, like many other forms of abuse can also be passed down through intergenerational transmission. It is not unlikely for parents to psychologically mistreat their children due to their own past or childhood experiences with psychologically abuse. For example, it is not uncommon during the course of an investigation of physiological maltreatment that it is discovered that the perpetrator had their own form of abuse history in the past. Often time’s people look at psychological maltreatment as a consequence resulting from some other form of abuse, mainly physical and sexual, but tend to overlook the fact that it may also occur as an individual form. Psychological maltreatment can take more than one form. During the course of researching for this paper I learned that there are three typical forms of behavior in which people follow when displaying this type of abuse against children. The three types are acting in an aggressive, rejecting, and lessening
The Children's PTSD Inventory is a sophisticated interview composed of a series of open and closed questions. Appropriate administration requires that the examiner have a thorough knowledge of the onset and progression of PTSD because, once each question is asked as written, the examiner must follow-up with appropriate probes and inquiries to more fully describe the child's experience. Only examiners familiar with the assessment and treatment of PTSD will know how to respond to children's answers. Completion of the interview usually requires 15-20 minutes, but can take much less time for some children because the interview is discontinued at any point if the child's answers rule out a diagnosis of PTSD.
In Canada there are approximately 76 000 children under the protection of Child and Family Services who have experienced neglect, maltreatment, and child abuse (Trocme, Loo, Nutter & Falon, 2002). However, this number does not fully capture the extent of child abuse and neglect in Canada, nor children exposed to complex trauma. Previous research identified that children exposed to complex trauma are less likely to graduate from high school, are more likely to experience mental health and substance use problems and to be involved with the justice system and the child welfare system (Carrion, Weems et al., 2009; Thornbury, Ireland & Smith, 2001; Jaffee & Maikovich-Fong, 2011).
Hutchison, Sandra B. Effects of and Interventions for Childhood Trauma from Infancy through Adolescence: Pain Unspeakable. Haworth Maltreatment and Trauma Press, 2005.
Developmental Trauma Disorder (DTD) was a proposed by Van der Kolk and D’Andrea (2010). The premise of DTD is based on research data of individuals involved in several research studies. According to Van der Kolk and D’Andrea (2010), DTD is the result of living in a fear-based environment which includes, poor treatment by primary caregivers, instability, and neglect. This type of inadequate treatment is often hidden, meaning it is may not be visible on the surface. Neglectful caregiver-infant relationships perpetuate DTD. These interactions relay the message to the infant or child that the world is not safe, is threatening, and is unreliable. This lack of emotional safety is often as damaging as lack of physical safety (Van der Kolk & d’Andrea,
Childhood Trauma is defined as “The experience of an event by a child that is emotionally painful or distressful, which often results in lasting mental and physical effects.” (The National Institute of Mental Health). Childhood trauma is an epidemic that seems to be running its way throughout the world. Childhood trauma is a worldwide problem that can affect anyone and everyone. People tend to just try and help the problems that occur due to the childhood trauma, but not the problem itself. Many of these issues will also follow the child into their adult years and will cause negative effects. This paper will discuss the negative outcomes for a child who suffers from childhood trauma, and the negative outcomes that can follow them into adulthood.
Children experience decreased development in the left brain when traumatic events occur (Network, n.d.). Imagine being a child and growing up with these types of events occurring. A traumatic event in a child’s life can cause a child to experience a long lasting negative effect. Life events are happening everywhere and more often in the lives of children (Understanding Child Traumatic Stress, n.d.). Trauma can cause them to do three things. First, they try to see what the danger is and how serious it is. Secondly there are strong emotional and physical reactions. Thirdly they attempt to come up with what to do that can help them with the danger. Traumatic events can cause a child to develop differently, which effects the young child stage,
According to the American Psychological Association, trauma is an emotional response to a terrible event. Some terrible events that happen all too often are rape, natural disasters or an accident. Immediately following the event shock and denial are likely to occur, but in the long-term flashbacks, unpredictable emotions and troubled relationships can arise. Defining emotional trauma on a child. Emotional trauma in a child can be created by bullying, emotional abuse, death of loved ones, separation from parent, or chaos and dysfunction in the household. Child symptoms of trauma can be very similar to depression symptoms. They can over sleep or sleep to little, unexplained anger, trouble focusing, obsessive worrying and some anxiety. How a child experiences an event and how it’s handled by those around him have an effect on how traumatizing it can be, notes Dr. Jerry Bubrick (Child Mind Institute , 2017). People grieve at different speeds and the way the child grieves is not the correct indicator on how the child will cope later. Defining physical trauma on a child. Physical trauma on a child is considered non-accidental or the cause of physical injury. Some households that suffer from alcoholism/substance abuse and anger issues have higher occurrences of child abuse as compared to households without according to psychology today. Sometimes kids that are abused are unaware that they are being abused and are victims of child
When looking at statistic sixty-eight percent of males and females reported at least one childhood trauma. Followed by a percentage of 27% of males and 33% of females experienced at least one type of interpersonal childhood trauma, like sexual abuse. Which brings us to the interpersonal childhood trauma, which is viewed as a dichotomous variable. Interpersonal trauma vignettes were believed less than were vignettes about other kinds of trauma. Overall females believed disclosures more than did males, and individuals reporting a history of childhood trauma believed disclosures more than did people who did not report a childhood interpersonal trauma history (Lisa DeMarni Cromer,
The primary method was conducted using a series of distributed questionnaires to children for my research. The reasons why I used questionnaires are because I think I will obtain appropriate and honest responses which relates to their personal experiences. The data collected was then categorized by data into gender, age from age 8 to10, age 11 to 13, age 14 to16, age 17 to 19 and type of abuse. The surveys were equally distributed, a total of 13 surveys were handed out to children between 8-18 years of age that have been victims of child abuse/ neglect. The questionnaire consisted of 22 questions divided into five parts: multiple choice, background, open, rank order and attitude questions. The answers to most questions were suggested for consistency, and they could be ticked in boxes in a multiple choice format. This survey looked at two different groups of children, males and females. The aim of this research is to find out if child abuse has an effect on the intellectual and emotional development of the child and if it has effect on their adulthood.
1. Demographic environment : These are the factors derives from the study of human populations in terms of size , density , location , age , gender , race , occupation and other statistics. This study explains how many percentage of total population speaks a particular language and share a common culture. These studies divides the age group in to 0-14 , 15-64 , 65 and above and categorize the percentage of males and females in this group. The study or research we do on these are considered to be demographic environment and which affect the macro environment as well.