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Rape in modern society
The effect of mass media on gender stereotypes
Rape in modern society
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Changing the Shape of Rape Throughout centuries, rape culture has been persistent in various societies, whether it is from the meager boondocks or the more established elite nations, it has been perpetual amongst human beings regardless of any reasoning as to why this practice transpires in the first place. Currently, one would define rape culture as a typical practice where males sexually objectify or violate women who do not first handily consent to the course of action. Stereotypes are constructed from rape culture primarily because there tend to be gender roles embedded within who the culprit and the victim may be. Julia Serano, a transgendered activist and author of “Why Nice Guys Finish Last,” elaborates on the topic of why certain stereotypes …show more content…
As stated by Julia Serano “Men can only ever be viewed as sexual aggressors and women as sexual objects” (415). This is a result of the double binds established by societies where men tend to be the predators and women the prey. However, this is not particularly true since it is feasible for women to be the aggressors instead of men. The idea that give men and women these stereotypes are mainly rooted from how one is raised to think and view these scenarios based on the cultural norm established in their society. Kwame Appiah goes over cultural norms and stereotypes in his except “Making Conversation” by stating “The recent history of America does show that a society can radically change its attitudes—and more importantly, perhaps, its habits—about these issues over a single generation. But it also suggests that some people will stay with the old attitudes, and the whole process will take time” (58). This corrolates with the fact that generations have issues changing their instinctive/learned thoughts about these ideas regarding social norms because of how one grew up learning about certain social issues. It is possible for these binds regarding predator and prey to become less popular, if news outlets and the media, for example, were to outsource stories having to do with women being predators and men being prey. All things considered, stereotypes …show more content…
As stated by Serano, “Just as women are expected to fulfill the stereotype of being sexual objects in order to gain male attention, men are expected to fulfill the sexual aggressor stereotype in order to gain female attention” (418). This can result from the fact that most women lean toward guys who classify as jerks because they desire masculinity and power. Ideas like this stem from the media, like television and music, and how it portrays the “ideal man” as being one who is more aggressive than a “nice guy”, who in vice versa, treats women respectfully. Appiah states, “Depending on the circumstances, conversations across boundaries can be delightful, or just vexing: What they mainly are, though, is inevitable” (50). This relays the idea that, because of conversation, one’s perception of something could change based on what is going on in other societies. That being said, if the media portrays women being attracted to jerks instead of nice guys, women will essentially believe that it should be desired amongst themselves, and men will have the tendency to become that “jerk” in order to attract females. The media has so much influence on today’s world because everything is beginning to connect with one another, and because of this, other societies will see what women of different countries are attracted to, and thus, be influenced
Schneider L, Mori L, Lambert P, Wong A. The Role of Gender and Ethnicity in Perceptions of Rape and Its Aftereffects. Sex Roles [serial on the Internet]. (2009, Mar), [cited March 16, 2014]; 60(5/6): 410-421. Available from: SocINDEX with Full Text.
Oftentimes, the things individuals take for granted as preexisting facts are merely the products of social construction, which exert tremendous impacts on belief and action. Men and women are socially constructed categories inscribed by norms of masculinity and femininity that enables rape to occur. Catharine MacKinnon claims that rape is defined in a male perspective, which lacks the account of female experience. On the other hand, Sharon Marcus argues that rape is a constructed language that scripts the female body. As bell hooks points out, black men celebrate “rape culture” as a mean of expressing patriarchal dominance and endorsing female subordination. In order to redefine rape and to develop effective rape prevention, it is crucial to deconstruct the predetermined assumptions about men and women. Rape is socially constructed, through the ways how individuals possess misogynistic ideologies and endorse patriarchal power, turning the erotic fantasy of male dominance into “reality”.
In today’s society, there is evidence that gender roles hold high standards in forming an identity, whether that gender is male or female. These standards put pressure on either gender to uphold them and commit to specific behaviors/actions that validate their very being. For men, this includes being considered masculine, or portraying the sense that they are authoritative over others, in which this includes displaying attitudes that contribute to female subordination. According to Pascoe (2016) in his article “Good Guys Don’t Rape” men are given the opportunity to challenge rape yet reinforce rape attitudes at the same time that are contained within rape culture and masculinity considered “norms.” Pascoe, illustrates that rape can be seen
Rape culture has become a huge issue where our social attitudes has the effect of normalizing sexual assault and abuse. Stereotypes and expectations of gender roles has an effect on who we see as the predator and prey in a rape incident, often times in a situation where sexual harassment has occurred between a male and female, the female is commonly seen as the victim of the situation. In the article, “Why Nice Guys Finish Last” Julia Serano, a transgender woman, shares her beliefs about rape culture. Julia Serano recounts her perspectives and experience as a male before transitioning into a female. Serano describes the main issue of rape as “unilateral sexism” meaning that men are seen as the dominant hand while women are most commonly seen as inferior in our society. “Unilateral sexism” is the idea in which Serano argues has been engraved onto the rape culture. This may be due to our cultural society having established female to be feminine as well as portraying female as submissive towards males. Pop media has also contributed to the stereotype of females being sexual objects. Serano argues that this “predator/prey mindset” has been engraved into our society by
On a daily basis people are exposed to some sort of misrepresentation of gender; in the things individuals watch, and often the things that are purchased. Women are often the main target of this misrepresentation. “Women still experience actual prejudice and discrimination in terms of unequal treatment, unequal pay, and unequal value in real life, then so too do these themes continue to occur in media portraits.”(Byerly, Carolyn, Ross 35) The media has become so perverted, in especially the way it represents women, that a females can be handled and controlled by men, the individual man may not personally feel this way, but that is how men are characterized in American media. Some may say it doesn’t matter because media isn’t real life, but people are influenced by everything around them, surroundings that are part of daily routine start to change an individual’s perspective.
When you refer to date rape, domestic violence, and high school massacres, people will think these crimes are commits by males, in fact, we have 85% of murders are by men; 95% domestic violence is by men; 99% of rapes in prison are by men (Documentary of Everton, 2014). Besides, the boys try to be cool, courage, tough, fag, queer because many girls have a tend to love a bad boy. They want to show up, but they threaten traditional assumptions of male supremacy. Moreover, depending on community such as race, gender, people will pick the character for them. For example, Black play this character, but Latino will play other character. The fact is that some of the most serious problems in contemporary American society, especially those connected with violence, can be looked at as essentially problems within contemporary American masculinity. If we look at almost any category of violence we see that the perpetrators are overwhelmingly male. Men are believed to be the dominant group, but what men lack knowledge of is that it hardly gets them anywhere in life. In short, community is one of the places where the boys can get stereotype
In the male typologies there are separate categories for child molesters and rapists, which is largely due to fact that they offend in very different ways. However, for the female typologies there is no such distinction, because all except one of the typologies have victims who are on average less than 15 years old (Vandiver & Kercher, 2004).The Aggressive Homosexual Offender is the only typology with an adult offender, however the victims are female (Vandiver & Kercher, 2004).The lack of a typology for female offenders with male adult victims could be due to certain factors playing a part in society. In particular, in today’s rape culture there is the belief that women cannot physically rape men. One reason why this belief is held is because society views women as physically weaker than men and are unable to overpower men. The male sex drive discourse also adds to this belief if men can never refuse sex than they essentially can never be raped. This belief has various problems for both men and women. The lack of a typology that includes adult male victims minimizes and ignores real men that were victimized by women. Not including men in the victim analysis sends the message that they are not ‘real’ victims. In contrast to that, since these victims are not seen as ‘real’ victims, the female offenders are not seen as ‘real’ offenders. By
What do you think and feel when you hear the word rape? Do you feel uncomfortable? Maybe even angry? Your certain feelings and emotions towards this word is a result of rape culture. Rape culture, essentially, is how a society as a whole sees and reacts towards rape or instances of rape. In 2013 rape was defined by the FBI as, “Penetration… of the vagina or anus with any body part or object, or oral penetration by a sex organ of another person, without the consent of the victim.” (Division’s Crime Statistics Management Unit 1). The definition was finally changed after the old definition deemed inappropriate by today’s standards, which beforehand, stated that physical force needed to be used for rape to be considered rape. This is good news for men and women who have been fighting for the definition to be changed, but unfortunately this does not mean that state laws are being changed the same way. Even though the FBI may acknowledge the older inappropriate definition, most states do not. Sexual assault is a commonly unreported crime, where only an average of 36% of sexual abuse is actually reported to the authorities (Planty 7). Some forms of rape can include physical harm, threats, and even death of the victim, and most victims do not want to tell others for fear of criticism, self-blame, or even the fear that their attackers will carry out on their threats. In many cases, victims do have a reason to be afraid. When someone is brave enough to come forward and say they were sexually assaulted, they are putting themselves in the position of being in not only a long legal process, but also having their motives questioned and misunderstood, which is the last thing they want after their experience. The legal system in the United States...
Many of the attitudes, beliefs, and mistaken ideas about rape have been with us for centuries. By looking at myths, such as “women ask for it,” and “it would do some women good to get raped,” from a historical perspective, lead us for better understanding how they evolved. Women are still seen as the property of men, are protected as such. Men and women are still taught to occupy very different roles in today’s world. Men are usually more aggressive, and women are seen as passive. (Vogelman) This socialization process is changing, but slowly.
Several years later, as I reflect on what Faludi wrote, I come to realization that our world still holds negative feelings towards women. Minorities have a bigger label casted upon themselves because of how often they are recognized in the media. Women are most commonly targeted as the minority in gender differentiation, which causes backlash. For example in the media, physical appearance holds more importance than achievements for females. Hearing about a celebrity wearing inappropriate clothing is just as likely to be expressed as to how well the football team did in their game. Girls are targets, always the main subject of matter. In Leora Tanenbaums book I Am Not a Slut, she describes the “sexual
Stereotypes are commonplace in modern society. Whether it is the traditional male and female, or racial stereotypes many individuals are categorized by the social stereotypes they most fit in with. Many times women are the subjects of ridiculous social stereotypes, which hinder the progress in which they are more greatly accepted by society. Ariel Levy takes note of this in her book Female Chauvinist Pigs. In her book Levy speaks of the type of culture women at times participate in, which is known as raunch culture. Raunch culture is the over sexual representation of women in society through pornography or any other form of sexual act. In order to gain an advantage in a society led by males, many females seek to obtain
Many of the attitudes, beliefs, and mistaken ideas about rape have been with us for centuries. By looking at myths, such as “women ask for it,” and “women secretly enjoy rape,” from a historical perspective, can lead us for better understanding how they evolved. Much stems back to the idea that women are still seen as the property of men, and are protected as such. Men and women are still taught to occupy very different roles in today’s world. Men a...
Society has always felt that there was an imbalance between genders and this imbalance can include double standards. Double standards range anywhere from sexuality to how you act and whether you are a typical male or female. These double standards affect both genders but it tends to affect women more. As time has gone by society has evolved and accepted certain changes like women are allowed to work full time and men can stay at home but one of the biggest problems hasn’t been addressed yet. Although women are gaining new freedoms there are still repercussions for being more sexual than a male or more aggressive although some believe that it is just a stereotype.
While growing up, both men and women are learning through media that men are supposed to be smarter, stronger, and make more money than women. Now realistically, there are many times when a man notices a woman is better than him in some way, and that can cause some men to get upset. The reason being, that they are convinced they’re not pursuing masculine “qualities.” The outcome for their anger is taken out on women, because then they are perceived as more powerful. According to the film Miss Representation, 1 in 6 women are survivors of rape or attempted rape, 25% of women in the U.S are abused by a partner during their lifetime, and 15% of rape survivors are under the age of
Although gender stereotypes may not apply for some people initially, people tend to conform to the stereotypes due to their upbringing, peer pressure, or social norming. Women, specifically, are often taught to be neat, kind, motherly, and polite, whereas men are taught to be strong, tough, dominant, and defensive. Due to these stereotypes that people believe in and, in some instances, fulfill, women tend to be put at a disadvantage, which may lead to them becoming fearful and lacking confidence in public spaces. Regardless of whether or not many women actually fit the stereotype, society often tries to oppress the value and ability of women by representing them as weak, inadequate, and afraid. Due to this representation of women in general,