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Organisational change case study
Concepts of organizational change
Organisational change case study
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Dupont plant is a major manufacturing employer which sits on 10 acres by the South River according to the case study by the Palmer, Dunford & Akin (2009). Although the plant has been in the community for a number of years, it has undergone many changes (Palmer et al., 2009). The plant was about to undergo yet another change as its manager Tom Harris sought out ways to improve their business (Palmer et al., 2009). Employees were notified of the coming changes by a bulletin announcement which assured them that the changes would supplement the great work they were already doing (Palmer et al., 2009). Through interviews conducted by University of Virginia professor Gib Akin, the everyday life of workers and managers at Dupont were thoroughly documented (Palmer et al., 2009). A model of change for the organization was developed from this study and the notion of ever constant change being inevitable is the true culture of Dupont (Palmer et al., 2009).
Change Approaches
The Organization Development (OD) approach in the Dupont story is shown by manager Tom Harris in his desire to improve overall organization effectiveness (Palmer et al., 2009, p. 193). One of the characteristics of OD is that “it aims at improving the effectiveness of the organization in order to help it achieve its mission” (Palmer et al., 2009, p. 193). Also, when Harris decided to have Professor Akin from Virginia come to assess the entire organization in order implement a plan for improvement he was further instituting the OD approach as Professor Akin assumed the role of OD practitioner (Palmer et al., 2009). This first order change approach was supported by the top management, was action-oriented and was focused on introducing the group of managers to new...
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...e manager must have a realistic view of what can be achieved through an organizational change and what is already working. As Harris stated in the Dupont story, “..nothing is forever anyway” (Palmer et al., 2009, p. 212).
Works Cited
Michael, S. (2005). The promise of appreciative inquiry as an interview tool for field research. Development in Practice, 15(2), 222-230. doi:10.1080 9614520500042094
Palmer. I., Dunford, R., & Akin, G. (2009). Managing organizational change: A multiple perspectives approach (2nd ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Tsai, C. & Yen, Y. (2008). A model to explore the mystery between organizations' downsizing strategies and firm performance: Integrating the perspectives of organizational change, strategy and strategic human resource management. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 21(3), 367-384. from ABI/INFORM Global.
Spector, B. (2013). Implementing organizational change: theory into practice. (3rd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ
Change is the only constant in life. And therefore it should be understood as part of a continuing work in progress that calls for a much broader canvas that seeks out competing voices, and works with the resulting ambiguities, contradictions and tensions of messy reality (Graetz, F. & Smith, A., 2010). In this submission I try to show that organizational change is majorly based on the environment surrounding it much more than the desire of the members or change agents working in that organization. This view diverts from that of Lippitt, (1958) who suggests that implementing planned organizational changes successfully depends on premeditated interventions intended to modify the functioning of an organization. It also diverts from the traditional approaches to organizational change that generally follow a linear, rational model in which the focus is on controllability under the stewardship of a strong leader or ‘guiding coalition (Collis, 1998). In this discussion therefore, comparison made between the different philosophies of change and I try to show that successful change implantation largely depends on an organizations appreciation of what goes on around it rather than what they have planned as a strategic direction.
This paper will be broken down into six sections profiling each critical part of implementing and managing change in an organization. The sections included are; outline for plan creating urgency, the approach to attracting a guiding team, a critique of the organizational profile, the components of change, and how to empower the organization.
Palmer, I., Dunford, R., & Akin, G. (2009). Managing organizational change: A multiple perspectives approach (2nd ed.). Boston, MA: McGraw Hill
Changing situations throughout the world affect all organizations in business today. Therefore, most organizations acknowledge the need to experience change and transformation in order to survive. The key challenges companies face are due to the advancements in technology, the social environment caused by globalization, the pace of competition, and the demands regarding customer expectations. It is difficult to overcome the obstacles involved with change despite all the articles, books, and publications devoted to the topic. People are naturally resistant to fundamental changes and often intimidated by the process; the old traditional patterns and methods are no longer effective.
Change is a fundamental element of individuals, groups and all sorts of organizations. As it is the case for individuals, groups and societies, where change is a continuous process, composed of an indefinite amount of smaller sub-changes that vary in effect and length, and is affected by all sorts of aspects and events, many of which cyclic are anticipated ones. It is also the case for organizations, where change occurs repeatedly during the life cycle of organizations. Yet change in organizations is not as anticipated nor as predictable, with unexpected internal and external variables and political forces that can further complicate the management of change (Andriopoulos, C. and P. Dawson, 2009), which is by itself, the focus of many scholars in their pursuit to shed light on and facilitate the change process (Kotter 1996; Levin 1947; et al).
When organizational change proves necessary, all people at all levels of the organization should address change as a “how,” “what,” and “why” problem in order for the change to be sustained over time.
Change in an organization occurs when an organization identifies an area of where necessary change must be undertaken, examines it thoroughly and adapts to it. This may lead to gaps where employees may not adapt to a certain change and therefore it is important that an organization takes into considerati...
Graetz, F, Rimmer, M, Lawrence, A, Smith, A 2002, Managing organizational change, John Wiley & Sons Australia, Queensland.
The change process within any organization can prove to be difficult and very stressful, not only for the employees but also for the management team. Hayes (2014), highlights seven core activities that must take place in order for change to be effective: recognizing the need for change, diagnosing the change and formulating a future state, planning the desired change, implementing the strategies, sustaining the implemented change, managing all those involved and learning from the change. Individually, these steps are comprised of key actions and decisions that must be properly addressed in order to move on to the next step. This paper is going to examine how change managers manage the implementation of change and strategies used
Bushe, G.R. (2011) Appreciative inquiry: Theory and critique. In Boje, D., Burnes, B. and Hassard, J.(eds.) The Routledge Companion To Organizational Change (pp. 87103).Oxford, UK: Routledge.
Change Management is not impossibly difficult. It need detailed planning, including everyone affected, frequent interaction, accomplish a perspicuous target for the change and a method of measuring success, complete the plan, and strengthen the change once it is in place.
Organisations as machines, political systems, organisms, and flux and transformation are particularly common assumptions that are often used by managers, writers and consultants to make sense of how organizational change works. In reality most organizations use combinations of approaches to tackle change and not just one of the above, however these provide useful insights into the process of organizational change (Cameron and Green, 2012). This essay will try to make sense out of these assumptions to understand what organisational change is. By doing so, insights will be drawn on how organizational change can be managed and led.
One of the first scholars to describe the process of organizational change was Lewin (1974). He described change as a three-stage process that consists of unfreezing, moving and freezing stage. During the unfreezing stage the organizations become motivated to change by some event or objective. The moving stage is like implementation when the organization actually makes the necessary change. Furthermore the freezing stage is reached when the change becomes permanent. Organizational change has also...
Cummings, T. G. & Worley, C. G. (2001). Organizational development and change (7th ed.). Ohio, USA: South-Western College Publishing.