Rhetorical Strategies: As stated in Helen Hadley Porter’s article, analysis of cause and/or effect is “an very effective method of idea development and organization which is necessary in almost all rhetorical situations.” There are many signs to conclude that cause and effect thinking is existent when words like because, therefore, and so are applied to create an argument (Porter). This strategy is provided in context to display Stella’s teaching style and its effect on children’s education. “We often think of authority as a response to disobedience: a child acts up, so a teacher cracks down. Stella’s classroom, however, suggests something quite different: disobedience can also be a response to authority. If the teacher doesn’t do her job properly, …show more content…
Porter declares in her article that “[it’s] an important rhetorical strategy when the writer wants to analyze and then group similar items or divide one item up into parts.” Prison is described in the book to have an absolute and circular result on crime, then divides up two scenarios. “Once the criminal has served his time, he returns to his old neighborhood. There’s a good chance he’s been psychologically damaged by his time behind bars. His employment prospects have plummeted. While in prison, he’s lost many of his noncriminal friends and replaced them with fellow-criminal friends. And now he’s back, placing even more strain emotionally and financially on the home that he shattered by leaving in the first place. Incarceration creates collateral damage. In most cases, the harm done by imprisonment is smaller than the benefits; we’re still better for putting people behind bars” (Gladwell 245). To clarify this quote, it displays that there wouldn’t be much of an advantage for the criminal coming home because he’d be going back to what he originally ruined. It would just cause additional damage and the individual would probably fail trying to fix the issues. Moreover, “research results may need to be classified before they can be reported” (Porter). The author clearly includes statistical data before the particular quote is given. The significance of the quote also introduces a counter-argument where Todd Clear, a criminologist, includes disagreement about placing convicts behind bars for too
The New York Times article, “Incarceration Helped Bring Crime Down,” by Michael Rushford, the author challenges past diversion programs. He points out, “...after 45,000 criminals were placed in [California’s] program, California’s violent crime rate had risen 218 percent compared to the national increase of 198 percent.” Rushford claims that criminals are more likely to act again if they are spared of harsh punishment. However, we must expect increased crime rates if we are unwilling to treat the mental illness endured by countless criminals. Merely placing offenders in jail is not valuable to anyone, as the individual and society are left with the consequences of
Although it has varied in its forms, punishment is largely influenced by the theories and socially constructed views of criminal activity. It is important to acknowledge how the forms of punishment have progressed from public humiliation and executions to solitary confinement and into today, with forced labor and firmly established routines. Even how the structures have changed with the number of those incarcerated. From initially only being two-story houses to being massive communities hidden behind penitentiary walls, it becomes important to question what their true purpose really is. Although it can be argued that prisons are still a form of rehabilitation for offenders, when you examine what it is that the inmates are actually doing, they are benefitting the economy more than they are benefitting themselves. Making budget cuts towards education and counseling services, which are necessary to reform offenders, is only going to continue to increase rates of incarceration. Instead, that money is currently being invested in ways to further expand the prison enterprise and displace those who are marginalized. Racism and economic greed has been embedded into prison functioning. In order to reduce recidivism rates there needs to be more of a focus on decreasing crime and the rates of incarceration by focusing more heavily on resources and
The benefits of corrections include deterrence, incapacitation, and rehabilitation or reform. Mrs. Prescott explained to me that she would “like to think there’s a link” between crime rates and the effectiveness of prisons. As part of the rehabilitation process, prisons like
The first book in the trilogy written by Allie Condie, Matched, tells the story of Cassia Maria Reyes. Cassia starts out as a perfect little girl growing up in a society where she doesn't get to make any decisions for herself as the society makes them for her. At the beginning, Cassia never even thought about doubting the society as she trusted it and it never even occurred to her to step out of line; she truly thought Society's rules benefit everyone, and that they would direct her life in its proper course. After Cassia meets Ky and she gets her double match, she starts to doubt the society and she begins to want something more than the Society can give her, but she still struggles to completely abandon what she's spent sixteen years believing. Later, she also begins to recognize and cultivate
Reliability is one of the most important factors in circuit design. For modern CMOS technology, the circuit reliability is influenced by the shrinking of technology, the reduced supply voltage, higher frequency, and higher circuit density. These factors affects the circuit's probability of soft errors (also called single event upset). In addition, the process variation introduced in the fabrication process is also a big challenge for circuit designers because it makes the same circuit show different characteristics. Moreover, to reduce power consumption of the circuit, the method of reducing supply voltage to near threshold region is used, which is anticipated to have more effects on the reliability of the circuit. So the relationship between single event effect and process variation under near-threshold supply voltage should be analyzed and discussed.
The latest reports on criminal and abnormal psychology all say the same thing, that nonviolent offenders put into prison will come back as violent offenders. There’s no part of the legal system that makes scientific sense anymore, there is enough research to show that locking an individual in a confined space with other confined humans and slowly torture them doesn’t work in solving the overall problem. Harsher sentencing and brutal hypocrisy don’t work because there is no chance for rehabilitation or reformation when a petty crime turns into a life of crime.
That is the working outcome of prison, though, the social environment has a larger impact on the offender. In a box, filled of criminals, how can one expect to act other than criminal or violent, without proper guidance as provided by health services that the prison program lacks. The outcome; rather than realizing the wrongfulness of the criminal act, as results of the social environment of prison, the offender becomes more efficient in tactics to survive in the box. Therefore, disregarding all structures of life outside the box and if granted release, the offender is without the guidance needed to readjust to the external world. Soon, to behave criminally, to report back to the environment learned best, prison (Peterslia, 1998). The results of the prison programming and experience, indicates the breeding of more criminal behavior than productive citizens, proving the
Many people can agree that looking back on the Crusades today, it was a Crime against humanity. The Crusades were a series of eight Christian military expeditions fought against Muslims for the Holy Lands between the years of 1096 and 1270 C.E. A new group of Muslims called Seljuk Turks took control of the Holy Lands, including Jerusalem, and did not allow christians any access to it. People’s motivation for fighting in the crusades included religious convictions, the church agreed to pay their taxes, and they had the opportunity to gain personal wealth by claiming riches in the Holy Land. However, although these sound like valid reasons to fight in the Crusades, the short term gains are outweighed by the negative outcomes and effects that came from this war. “The Crusades - the most signal and most durable monument of human folly that has yet appeared in any age or nation.” ― David Hume. Hume’s quote explains that the crusades were one of the worst decision’s that a society has made in history. They were unsuccessful because of these three reasons, impact it had on catholic church, Constantinople destroyed, and bloodshed of many.
America’s political ideas have altered in the recent decade; creating a conservative movement (Tajalli, 2013). Due to this movement America’s prison population has increased transforming the criminal justice system (Tajalli, 2013). There is an effort to understand a person’s thought process to the question; why do we punish? Some individuals within society believe that offenders should be harshly punished while others would like to see them rehabilitate the offender and often try to bring the offender back into society. Courtright and Mackey (2004), suggest that punitiveness is a lack of concern for offender rehabilitation. The idea of rehabilitation is to become a contributing member of society after the sentences. When connecting public opinion, beliefs, and attitudes to punishment there are common themes in these studies involving race, gender, religious views, education and morality (Mears, 2014). Students are a key point when it comes to public opinion on attitudes about crime and corrections. Education can have an important effect on a student’s perception and attitudes on social issues. Criminology and sociology majors are expected to have a more punitive view on crime and punishment due to their exposure and information (Hensley, 2002). Over the last decade much research has been done on the topic of criminology students and non-criminology major students’ attitudes towards the criminal justice system and the issues surrounding (Hensley, 2002).
Even though Martinson’s research concluded that “nothing works”, he still revealed that there were programs that worked for certain populations. For instance, while not specifically a rehabilitation program, those who have been sentenced to probation or are released on parole have a better chance at not contributing to recidivism rates. Prison rehabilitation is still an experimental system, and while programs are successful on the individual level, there is still no empirical data to support that they work as a whole
It seems as though the prison system can’t even get a hold on their primary function, seeing that “two-thirds of prisoners reoffend within three years of leaving prison” (Gilligan). While placing offenders in prison effectively removes that threat from society for a time, what benefit is it if they cause the same problem upon release? What is the point of a federal prison if inmates aren’t given the opportunity to make use of their time and have rehabilitation? Not only would it be for the better of prisoners’ chances of returning to community, but also for the better of the nation economically. In James Gilligan’s article, “Punishment Fails. Rehabilitation Works” (2012), he discusses a study conducted regarding potential rehabilitation programs with prisoners, resulting in an impressive outcome that “reduced the frequency of violent reoffending after leaving the jail by 83 percent,” which “saved the taxpayers $4 for every $1 spent on it.” Warden Burl Cain supports this concept, claiming that “Everybody forgets what corrections means…If this person can go back and be a productive citizen and not commit crimes again, why spend the money to keep him in prison?” (The Editorial Board)
.... Also, by being away from prisoners’ friends and family members, they may learn the value of the family. Towl (2003) stated that prison presents opportunities to improve prisoners’ abilities to serve as productive members of their families once they are released (p.149). Prisoners live away from society and family or friends’ supports and also lack of communication, so they learn the value of social life. As a result, the atmosphere of prisons has social effect and psychological effects on offenders.
Social classes have been part of this country’s history for a very long time. Social class and sometimes race play an important role determining the opportunities a person is able to receive. People from different social backgrounds live different lifestyles as well as have different opportunities in life. As a result of that, individuals in higher social class have an advantage over those in a lower social class. However, we as individuals are the masters of our own destiny. Just because someone is born in a lower social class it doesn’t necessarily mean they have to maintain that social status the rest of their lives. Education, hard work and the willingness to do whatever it takes to succeed are some of the traits that can make this change happen.
When a person is directly impacted by a crime, the repercussions and reverberations that it can have on their own life are overwhelming. In many cases, the aftermath of a criminal offense can be more debilitating than the crime itself. The prevailing notion that has existed in society for ages is that locking the offender away is the best way to alleviate the harm caused and achieve justice. On the surface, this seems like an ideal reaction to crime; the wrongdoer is locked away so they are no longer a threat to society, and this is should, in principle, satisfy the victim’s desire for vengeance. In reality, however, this premise neglects so many essential pieces of the puzzle. One of these forgotten pieces, and a very notable one at that,
Taking your eyes and mind off the road for more than 3 seconds raises the chances of ending up in a fatal accident (Ameen 7). Texting and driving has become more frequent. Many try to find loopholes in distracted driving. Statistics have been found that prove distractions effect the attention that is needed to drive a car. Teen and adult drivers need to realize the deadly effects of texting and driving.