The issue of the case being discussed is Jamal’s inability to relate to the opposite sex and the fear that is associated with him socializing with people in general and the opposite sex being the most dominant incommunicable gender. Due to Jamal’s extensive history of limited contact with parental figures and peers, he has since developed, lived, and thrived most in isolative settings. I believe the most effective intervention model to use would be cognitive behavior therapy. It appears that Jamal experiences extreme social anxiety whenever the thought and actual opportunity to interact with his peers approaches, and in return socially withdraws. In the case study it stated that "Jamal felt inadequate because he could not overcome his fear that others would humiliate him if he spoke". From that statement, one could gather that a lot of the self-doubt that Jamal experiences is from his own negative, illogical and/or self-destructive beliefs, in which the Cognitive Behavior Theory …show more content…
Because it appears as though Jamal 's worst fear is being humiliated by others once he speaks, it is safe to assume that Jamal 's lack of interaction with people has eventually led to negative perceptions about his-self. The goal would be that once Jamal begins to practice the technique of self-talk by using positive affirmations, he would then be able to slowly transition from having a negative perception of himself to a more positive perception. This transition would allow him to begin building more self -confidence. There is a possibility that the visualization feature would also be helpful, but only in a scenario where Jamal may legitimately have a fear of people. I don’t believe the visualization aspect would be most helpful because in the case study it stated that Jamal has previously spent significant time fantasizing about talking to others, but when the opportunity approached, he failed at actually
Jody was born biologically with male genitals and he was brought up as a boy. Unlike his more gender-typical older brother, Jody’s childhood behavior was considered “sissy”. Jody genetically preferred the company of girls compared to boys during childhood. Jody considered herself a bisexual male until the age of 19. At 19 years of age, she became involved with a man, and her identity would be transgender, meaning that Jody was unhappy with her gender of birth and seeks a change from male to female. It would seem that there was some late-onset dissatisfaction, and late-onset is linked to attraction to women; in comparison to early childhood-onset, which are attracted to men. Jody identified herself as bisexual. The relationship with the man ended; nevertheless, Jody’s desire to become a woman consumed her, and Jody feels that’s he was born in the
The core principles of Applied Behavior Analysis were seen in several of this weeks required readings, appearing in all or multiple sources. Their definitions varied in each reading, all providing more clarification upon the previous. The first term, applied, refers to the "commitment to affecting improvements" in the field. (Cooper 16) Baer, Wolf and Risley said that whether or not something is applied is determined "by the interest which society shows in the problems being studied." (Baer 92) Both sets of authors emphasize that importance of the practitioner taking ownership in dictating how important it is to change the designated behavior. Also, the importance the behavior holds in society, because many of them represent the clients
Cognitive behavior therapy, also short for CBT, is part of a psychotherapy treatment that can solve mental problems and boost happiness by modifying dysfunctional emotions, behaviors, and thoughts. CBT focuses on encouraging, and challenging patient’s cognitions and change the dysfunctional behavior patterns by effective solutions (Jason, 2015). It’s also used to treat the mental and emotional part of behavior such as an eating disorder. This type of therapy is done to change how you think and feel about food, eating, and body image because it can also improve poor eating habits and prevent relapse.
Erin Gruwell is horrified when she realized what going on and makes a lesson about its similarity to the propaganda of the Nazis. This scene experience the racism and violence due to racial profiling caused by the human society. This relates to the conflict theory because there are some tension and struggle between the students in the Gruwell’s class. The students struggle to get along because of their race, ethnic, etc. and after the incident on the racist image of Jamal, Ms. Gruwell sends a message to her classroom that their lives are not that bad as she does it harshly by related it to the lives of the Jews in the holocaust. In one of the class discussion we had this semester, we talk about the stereotypes, ethnicity, racial profiling etc. and how it label specific groups and how it used today. Back to the scene where the image of Jamal, all the different type of students except the students that associated with the ethnic or race thought it was funny. This scene is an example of stereotype as it shows Jamal as black guy with fat
In life, humanity is on a journey much like walking through a forest full of trees that requires consistent observation while navigating the path traveled. Remaining on course is a very important part of arriving at the destination of achievement and success. There is no way to have complete certainty of always arriving on time, as all the variables come into the picture of that journey which psychology also does in relation to the mind. The psychodynamic theory in comparison to the cognitive behavior theory is somewhat well viewed in focus of examining the mental process of what one does based upon what one has thought of doing. To consider the contrast of both, potentially has a foundation in approaching each from different angles of perspective in order to understand and alter the potential results therein. In a comparison and contrast of these practiced theories, it would help to understand some important key perspectives within them.
Theory has been defined as, “an organized set of assumptions, beliefs, or ideas about particular phenomena in the world (Teater, 2015).” Theory is used to understand and explain possible and perceived instances, behaviors and outcomes (Teater, 2015). Social workers use theory in order to understand, as well as, introduce interventions and solutions to their client’s individual situation. It is important for students entering into the social work profession to have a base knowledge of theories, with basic understanding of their similarities and differences to appropriately apply theory in practice. The theories which will be focused on in this paper include Systems Theory and Cognitive Behavioral Theory.
“Patterns of behaviour taught to children and adults in order to help them learn to behave as acceptable females or males. It begins at birth via naming, clothing, and treatment of the infant, and it continues to be taught and reinforced throughout life within most social institutions” (Online Learning Centre, 2003). The main agents of socialisation includ...
Comparing the Behavioral Perspective and the Cognitive Perspective The behavioral perspective is the idea that if psychology was to be a science, then it must focus on events, which are directly observable on behavior, rather than on mental life. The behavioral perspective maintains the primary emphasis on observable behavior and its relation to environmental events. Behavioral perspective is through reinforcement, which is the idea that patterns of emitted behavior can be selected by their consequences. Cognitive perspective is centered on the description of the nature and development of the representation of knowledge. It comes from three points of view, which are the theory of information processing, the inability of behaviorism to provide a comprehensive account for all aspects of human behavior, and the invention of the computer.
In this assignment I am going to introduce and unpack cognitive behavioural theory and psychodynamic theory. This will include the history of each theory and the theorists that discovered and developed both. I am going to link each theory to where they fit in Payne’s Triangle of Social Work as well as compare and contrast each theory. Both Cognitive behavioural theory and psychodynamic theory both support the purposes of social work in which I will cover beneath. This assignment will also include criticisms of both theories as well.
Personality can be defined as an individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling and acting. Many personality theorists have put forward claims as to where personality is derived from and how it develops throughout an individual’s life. The two main personality theories this essay will be focusing on is the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) (Bandura, 1986) and the Trait Theory – Five Factor Theory (FFT) (McCrae and Costa, 1995). The SCT allocates a central role to cognitive, observational learning and self-regulatory processes (Bandura, 1986). An individual’s personality develops through experiences with their sociocultural environment. Whereas the Trait Theory proposes that all individuals are predisposed with five traits (Extraversion, Openness, Conscientiousness, Agreeableness and Neuroticism) which determines our personality. This theory also puts forward that personality is stable and cannot change as it’s biologically determined.
Jerry is a 19 year old African-American male college student who has developed a phobia with heights. When he tries to walk across a bridge, for example, he begins to panic, which results in him backing away and avoiding going across at all. It has interfered with his life to the point that he avoids taking classes that are on the upper floors of buildings, and chooses to drive to school from over an hour away in order to avoid staying in a dorm room, since the only ones that were available were on the fifth floor and above. He has had fears of heights ever since he was 10, after he had a traumatic experience when he was trapped on a rollercoaster when it stalled for several hours while he was on it, forcing him to be caught looking down at
Theoretical perspectives in the study of human behavior can easily be applied to cases in social work practice. The mental health field in particular lends itself to the application of different human behavior theories. Specifically, depression can be viewed through the lens of Social Cognitive Theory, or Social Cognitive Learning. There is one case of a woman with depression, whose name will be changed, that social cognitive theory can be applied to. Cheryl is a 58 year old woman who has been diagnosed with Major depressive disorder. She has had this diagnosis since she was 17 years old. Many of her symptoms and experiences can be viewed or explained in terms of social cognitive theory.
since the existence of the mind could not be proven from the observation of behavior,
“Behavior theory consists of ideas about how human actions and emotions develop, are sustained, and are extinguished through principles of learning” (Walsh, 2010). Positive and negative reinforcement is used to help manipulate the behaviors of the individual. The theory has been used to help eliminate unwanted behaviors. In addition, behavior theory has been use primarily with children, and persons with developmental disabilities. According to Walsh (2010) behavior theory evolved in the 1960s from a field of philosophy to the field of science. Ivan Pavlov discovered classical conditioning, which plays a major role in behavioral theory. Classical conditioning is the process of learning through ones surroundings, conditioned, and unconditioned stimuli and response. B. F. Skinner discovered operant conditioning the process of learning to influence the future responses to the environment (Clark, 2004). The two concepts has been used throughout the behavior theory to help assist clients with unacceptable behaviors that is occurring. The combination of the two concepts has been a very helpful aspect to the behavior theory. Both concepts offer a different approach or solution to the behavior of the client.
Without gender, a child may not be able to integrate into society as easy as other children, feeling a sense of disorientation and misplacement. Identity is strongly correlated to the cultural beliefs and social contexts of society, hence affecting gender, since gender is something that is everywhere in our daily lives. Gender entails cultural beliefs at a marco level and also includes the systems of behavior and organizational practices at the interactional level, selves and identities at the individual level (Ridgeway & Correll 2004). According to Ridgeway and Correll (2004), cultural beliefs about gender and their effects in social relational contexts are among the main principles that maintain and change the gender structure. Social relational contexts involve any situation where individuals define themselves in relation to others to understand the situation and act in an everyday interaction. Symbolic interactionism places a lot of significance on the salient of language and social interactions as main features of the development of a sense of self, viewing society not as an external constitution but rather the result of a patterned web of interactions where people interact in countless settings using symbolic communications, and the reality people experience constantly changes (Germov & Poole 2011). According to Stryker and Vryan (2003), symbolic