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Symbolic interactionist theory
Importance of cross cultural communication
Importance of cross cultural communication
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One can consistently argue that clothing plays a large role in a person’s everyday social interactions. In most societies, the way a person dresses themselves can tell a lot about them including, but not limited to, their race, religion, or socioeconomic status. In “Cultural Influences”, a cartoon by Carl D’Agostino, a group of men is depicted listening to their presumed leader proclaim that “too many of [them] are wearing Western clothes”. The men below are looking warily to the man in the “Western clothes” standing slightly away from them. The alienation that faces this Western man are a clear example of the divide between two cultures of different clothing. Through the symbolic interaction theory, one can argue that the reason the Middle …show more content…
In modern Western societies, Islamic people are considered a minority, a group treated unequally and differently because of their cultural characteristics, and are seen as outsiders and sometimes outcasted for their differences (Benokraitis, 2016). The dominant culture in America is characterized by Anglo-Saxon Protestants and they are almost all wary of anyone seen in a Muslim headscarf. Interactionism would suggest that the symbol of Islamic clothing conjures up thoughts of terrorism and inequality toward women since the public is typically only fed these negative things about the religion: “meanings aren’t inherent but are created and modified through interaction with others,” (Benokraitis, 2016). Through this idea, Westerners are forced to associate a person in traditional Muslim attire with a negative ideology and be wary of …show more content…
In this joke, a stereotype, or an oversimplified or exaggerated generalization about a group of people, is utilized to depict the Western man (Benokraitis, 2016). The American West is typically stereotyped as not-very- intelligent cowboy types. Middle Eastern people, contrastly, are historically very intelligent and have made many contributions to modern science. Another reason the men in the cartoon could be at odds is because the Middle Eastern men are abiding by social norm to accept this stereotype and assume that the Western man, in addition to being impious and reckless, is also unintelligent. Before ever even being spoken to, the man was probably stereotyped because of his clothing and immediately left out of the group of other
Some people fit the stereotypes to be true, but, I believe that one person doesn't prove a stereotype to be true. Sterling himself writes, “Like all American women, she was dressed in a way intended to provoke lust” 614. This stereotype was said by a Muslim about American women. He believes that all women dress to provoke lust. Women dress the way they want to dress for many reasons such as wanting to look good for themselves or even to be comfortable. Not all American women dress to grab the attention of men sexually. To the Muslim women, they are used to wearing full clothing and wearing the Hijab in their country. Seeing the way Americans dress to them is very shocking because of the differences in the way they dress in their countries. Sterling states, “They call the simple, modest clothing of Islam “bondage” while they spend countless hours, and millions of dollars, painting themselves” 616. This stereotype was said by an American addressed towards a Muslim woman. The bondage is referring the Hijab which is a covering for a Muslim woman's head. The Hijab is a religious clothing and has sentimental value to the woman of Islam.To an American, it's just a piece of clothing that covers their head and only some understand the meaning of the Hajib. Both of the people that made these remarks are from different countries so they don't have a full understanding of each
Fashion reflects the attitudes of a society more than any other art form. Like art, fashion is a material record of the ideals that swayed the nations at the time of their creation. Through examining the styles, and tastes of a particular era, we can realize where the interests and priorities of a time lie. As Frank Parsons wrote in his 1920 study, The Psychology of Dress, "There is surly no better field in which to trace the devious paths of human thought than in that of clothes, where man has ever given free play to self expression, in a way which, thought not always a credit to his intelligence, is yet quite true to his innermost self, whether he will acknowledge it or not." Through, tracing and analyzing, side by side, art and fashion, and the effects that one had on the other and society, we can understand the ideals, and interests of European culture, here, through the Renaissance.
In her textbook Visibly Muslim, Emma Tarlo outlines how Muslim clothing and fashion in the urban setting of Britain can affect the visibility of ethnicity. According to the 2001 census, there are over 1.6 million Muslims living in Britain. This population consists of individuals from many different backgrounds and descents, and all have their own distinct cultural dress and fashion. The most recognized and popular item among Muslim women is ‘hijab’, which has brought about much debate because of its conservative covering. Hijab is a scarf worn over the head and neck but does not fully cover the face and eyes. There are no set guidelines which inform the way in which Muslim women dress. Instead, Muslim fashion is influenced by factors such as geographic region, heritage and religion. Muslim women’s dress is outlined in the sacred Islamic text, the Qur’an. The covered clothing and headscarf, worn by Muslim women, is a public statement to show modesty, respect for Islam, spirituality, devotedness and identity as a Muslim. This essay explores the different Muslim and non-Muslim perspectives in relation to Tarlo’s Visibly Muslim, and discusses the impacts of being ethnically identifiable (Tarlo, 2010).
Beacon Press: Boston, 1996. Garber, Marjorie. Vested Interests: Cross-dressing and Cultural Anxiety. Routledge: New York, 1992. Mann, Herman.
There have been many things that described people throughout history. One of the most dominant ways was the style of clothing. Through cultural preference and materials available there is consistency as well as diversity in clothing. Though clothes in the Middle Ages were somewhat primitive compared to today’s garments, the quality clothing had no effect on the people’s freedom of expression through fashion.
The last decade has brought two blatant changes to American civilizations in particular and Western civilizations in general. The first is a greater concern about Islam and Muslims, and the second is a much highly visibility of Muslims within those civilizations. Numerous people may have imagined that there weren’t many Muslims living in their communities until recently, but now, one can see visibly Muslim persons often in their veils or robes, walking the streets, shopping in the cities, and going to the schools (Saeed, 2007). There is no doubt that the increased visibility of Muslims has been a matter of some interest (allen,2010). The French have banned people wearing markers of Muslim religion, such as the hijab and niqab, in public, and many Americans have protested against mosques and other expressions of the religion. In addition, numerous Westerners have a stereotyped image of Muslim visibility, for instance, assuming that all Muslim females wear the same style and color, of garb (Ameli & Merali, 2004) Many Westerners associate the visibility of Muslims with non-Western and anti-Western culture and beliefs, including the oppression of women, and therefore hold a very negative attitude and view toward it and them (Briggs, Fieschi, & Lownsbrough, 2006).
Clothing is perhaps the simplest form of expression used by people to differentiate themselves from other members of society at both the collective and individual level. Clothing has the ability to simultaneously delineate an individual’s identifying attributes such as gender, profession, religion and ethnicity. Likewise, religious symbols entail wearing particular garments, amongst many other articles, and individuals choosing to wear it to overtly demarcate their religion and faith. Many traditions have distinctive religious symbols, such as Sikhs wearing the turban and Catholic nuns wearing the black veil. In Islam, there are several religious symbols such as the hijab, the burqa and the niqab intended to be worn by Muslim women. In recent
Fashion in the 21st century is a big business, as its production employs millions of people and generates billions of dollars in revenue. Fashion has for the past century been, and is still today, used as an indicator of social change and progress, as it changes with the social norms of the society and the political changes of the world (Finkelstein 3). Works Cited Finkelstein, Joanne. A.S.A. & Co. Fashion: An Introduction to Fashion. New York: New York University Press, 1998.
Ever since their invention many centuries ago, clothes have been used as a way of communicating. The message communicated relies on a number of factors including the social background of both the communicator and the receiver, and the context in which the message is communicated. Although at times the exact message or symbolism one is trying to portray may not be clear, it is evident that clothing has long been embraced as one of the best ways to project one’s desired personal image to those around them.
For example, if people saw me wear Concords, they would categorize me as being into basketball or hip hop. It is also mostly guys who are wearing basketball shoes that notice my shoes. Therefore, it makes me feel masculine and makes me feel like I belong to the basketball or hip hop culture, but at the same time, I feel like I do not belong to a certain group. Thus, fashion is different in ethnics group, gender, and class because it serves to unite people or to establish a separation from other groups. It originated from women in order to make up for their disadvantage status, middle class in order to increase their social status and marginal social groups for their lack of social importance and cities for social density and wealth (Fashion, 310). Therefore, fashion play an important role in our lives back then and
299). The study consisted of having in-depth personal interviews to share their experiences of being a Muslim American woman (Anderson Droogsma, 2007, p. 300). Veiling to these women was a way of freedom while also having a Muslim identity (Anderson Droogsma, 2007, p. 301). It was also a source of behavior control, to not be sexually objectified, a way of commanding respect from others and even a source of checking their own behavior (Anderson Droogsma, 2007, p. 301). One of the women interviewed said, veiling to her was a way to feel connected to other Muslim woman who veil (Anderson Droogsma, 2007, p. 302). Veiling can be a way to feel connected to your religion and God as well as being connected to those who practice the same faith, it can be considered an act of membership. Many of the women interviewed noted they have been removed from planes, been treated unfairly, and have had strangers shout at them all for just being Muslim and being more visibly recognized from veiling (Anderson Droogsma, 2007, p. 303). This is an example of how media can affect the general population. When the media only shows radicals and compares all Muslims to being terrorist or dangerous they are actually putting Muslim people at risk of being assaulted in public. Muslim woman in particular are more at risk for being assaulted as they are more identifiable. So while veiling can be a source of empowerment and freedom for women it is a double-edged sword because it also puts them at further risk of being
Fashion, psychology and the sociological perspective have long been perceived as mutually exclusive concepts. However, is there a possibility that a trinity exists in the former? To illustrate, it is evident that throughout history fashion has influenced society as a whole and has mirrored its aspects i.e. economical and sociological. Furthermore, this influence has developed to be perceived psychologically where individuals identify with fashion in the sense of translating visual information showing their personal views and attitudes. To that effect, what is fashion? Traditionally and in the literary sense, fashion is defined as ‘a popular trend, especially in styles of dress and ornament or manners of behavior’ . However,
Clothing is something that defines a person, and allows society to have an outlook on an individual’s lifestyle and beliefs. Unlike criticizing other material things like a car, a home or even something as simple as a television set, criticism of clothing is very personal. This suggests that there is a high correlation between clothing and personal identity and values. (Breward, pg.1) Clothing in a sense has the ability to communicate thought. However, similarly to art interpretations, this does not mean that any two people will perceive these visual aesthetics similarly.
To begin with, I shall look at what fashion is; it is a currently popular style or practice involving clothing, footwear or accessories. It mostly refers to the current trends in looks and dressing style of a person (Cumming 234). In most cases, fashion is confusedly related to costumes; when a person talks of fashion they are seen to mean fashion in terms of textile. Fashion is seen to originate from the Western world and it is copied by other places. In this paper, we shall look at how fashion affects lifestyles and the group of people who are affected most. The paper further investigates how media is used to transmit fashion from one region to the other. Although it has been seen to affect people’s lives many people have different perspectives on fashion and dressing.
Dress and fashion can be used not only to symbolize culture, religion or spirituality, but it can also be used as a tool of oppression as well as liberation. For many people, dress is an expression of personality, faith, choice and identity. It can also deeply affect one’s spiritual self and help connect the wearer to her inward self. Marco Pallis describes the significance and meaningfulness between dress and spiritual identity and how, according to him, clothing ranks among the most important but least analyzed sites of colonization. He is particularly interested analysing clothing as a component of spirituality. He writes that ‘of the many things a person puts to use in the pursuit of her earthly vocation there are none, perhaps, which are so intimately bound up with her whole personality as the clothes she wears (Pallis, p.9). The first thing that Pallis notes is how clothing greatly modifies the appearance of a person and even his/her facial