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History has a relation with science
Similarities between history and science
History has a relation with science
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History is an area of knowledge that is subject to a lot of bias; it examines past events with limited evidence. This means that the data that is missing is subject to the interpretation of the historian. Knowledge must be accurate; it has to reflect what is observed in reality. If it is not held to this standard, anything becomes knowledge. Anyone could say anything and have it be knowledge. 1 + 1 = 4 becomes equally valid as 1 + 1 = 2. Only one of these statements is accurate, and so only one is considered to be knowledge. Only when our knowledge matches what we observe in the world can it be considered accurate. So, where does this leave history? Can knowledge about the past be accurate, without being correct? History is very different from the natural sciences. In the natural sciences, you can test hypotheses, and confirm that your knowledge is accurate. We can make a prediction, develop a test, and get a result. Then we can use reason to determine if our prediction of matches the result. History faces a simple …show more content…
You could argue that historians interpretations are based off of evidence, or that their interpretations are the application of human sciences. However, both of these arguments have a flaw. If the historians are interpolating between evidence, there is no reason to think that they have it right. While it is possible that they do, or have gotten close to the correct answer, we cannot tell. They could be completely wrong, and we would be unable to distinguish it from a correct answer. It cannot be proven to be accurate, because we cannot test it, so we cannot call it knowledge. Applying the human sciences leaves a similar error. The human sciences cannot perfectly predict human behaviour. The predictions it provides about figures in history may or may not be correct, and we have no way to know the difference. Again, we cannot test it, cannot confirm its accuracy, and therefore cannot consider it
What is history? Many believe that history is what is read in textbooks, or what is seen on the news. If Susan Griffin were asked that question, she would probably argue that history is much more than that. It is about the minds and souls of the people who went through the historical event, not simply what happened. In her essay, Griffin incorporates stories of people from totally different backgrounds, and upbringings, including herself, all to describe their account of one time period. Each person’s history is somehow connected with the next person’s, and each story contr...
The study of past events have been a common practice of mankind since the verbal telling of stories by our ancestors. William Cronon, in his article “Why the Past Matters,” asserts that the remembrance of the past “keeps us in place.” Our individual memories and experiences shape how we act in our daily lives. In addition to influencing us at an individual level, our collective history binds us together as a society. Without knowing where we have been or what we have experienced, it is nearly impossible to judge progress or know which courses of action to pursue. The goal of the historian is to analyze and explain past events, of which they rarely have firsthand memory of, and apply the gained knowledge to make connections with current and future events.
"The Truth Hurts: Andrew Vachss Takes A Stab At History." Bookslut. N.p., June 2005. Web. 04 Mar. 2014.
There is no concrete definition of knowledge, but there is a definition that is widely agreed upon, or a standard definition. This definition may be widely accepted, but just like most things in philosophy, it is controversial and many disagree with it. The definition involves three conditions that must be met in order for one to truly say that they know something to be true. If one were to state: “The Seattle Mariners have never won a world series,” using the standard definition would look like this: first, the person believes the statement to be true. Second, the statement is in fact true. Third, the person is justified in believing the statement to be true. The three conditions are belief, truth, and justification. There are the “necessary and sufficient conditions” for knowledge. Necessary and sufficient conditions are linked to conditional statements, ‘if x, then y’ statements.
...ective and previous knowledge, as well as comprehension and understanding of information are things that determine the end result. Even the definition of a concept or reality can be different. Gravity is just a word attributed to a physical law but other civilizations might use different terminology. Does the name of a physical law make it knowledge or does the law itself, being in existence, make it true, thus being true knowledge. It seems that knowledge is simply a general and unspecifically
...an extremely difficult concept to grasp. However, history must always be remembered correctly. Otherwise, as Geoffrey Keynes stated, “history will repeat itself”.
“It [history] is like a river. From any vantage point, a river looks much the same day after day. But actually it is constantly flowing and changing…one day, when the banks are thoroughly weakened and the rains long and heavy, the river floods and bursts its banks, and may take a new course.” (Kay 1948)
according to William F. Allmen of U.S. News and World Report, " . . . history's
We, as humans, are constantly learning, constantly acquiring knowledge. For every new experience, every new action, our brains capture, categorize, and file away as knowledge. But how do we know this knowledge is true? What can we know for absolute certain? I think that we can never be fully certain of anything, but that groups of humans agree on specific truths and that this agreement makes that knowledge practically true. It is true if everyone believes it to be.
The patterns of living that the world witnesses today are greatly influenced by history. This is because of the fact that history plays an immense role in forming one’s future; the abundant interactions socially, economically, politically, result in repercussions that can hardly be unraveled. However, this does not in anyway mean that one cannot trace today’s state of affairs back to its roots. Tracing today’s occurrences back to their origin is possible due to the fact that the agents’ (nations) origins are known.
> : we know about the past is untrue. It is not alternate history: it
This opens the possibilities for the historian to research and thus history can be considered as a ‘Human Science’ (Smith). The major difference between history and human science is the way in which the scientist uses tools while the historian uses facts and figures. Feyerabend explains that an allegory presented by the human scientist depends on egotism, ideals, and the perspective of other forms of knowledge, and is not enveloped by method, evidence, reason or argument (Anderson 259). There is a big debate about whether social science is actually a science. J.S.Mill believes that while we can justify and discover unpretentious regularities in the physical world, we can also explore the connections between actions and thoughts through Mill’s Method on causation (Salmon).
Though our history may bring back horrible memories of the ?grimmest dimensions of human nature? (Limerick 472), it is necessary to have a good historical background. History gives us the ability to improve future outputs, satisfy our unending need for knowledge, and understand how many policies and regulations have come to be. Without history mankind would be very primitive and ununified. Our complete molding of the world today is almost completely dependent on the fact that we study our history. Without history present day humans would be nothing more than cavemen.
Knowledge, it is power but what is done with that power makes all the difference. Does history repeat itself, or as the above quote alludes to, does humankind ignore the lessons learned, allowing the experience of those before to become nothing more than a light showing the path to what was already known. History relies on many different elements such as, the memory and firsthand accounts of the events that took place; the finding of artifacts that become pieces to a puzzle that eventually tell a story of what might have occurred. These lessons are documented for a reason, not only to recount what took place but also to learn and gain valuable knowledge from those recorded events.
We call this type of knowledge a priori; this means that it is necessary knowledge not dependent unop experience. Something that is a priori is necessarily true by definition, for example "black cats are black". This statement has to be true because we would be contradicting ourselves if we tried to say it wasn't. It is presented in the name that black cats are black, so indeed they must be black. There are some problems with this theory, though.