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Equality under what amendment
Prop 13 California
American same sex marriage law
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Proposition 8 was a piece of legislation formally called the California Marriage Protection Act which was an amendment to the Constitution of the State of California. The amendment was voted on and passed during the state elections of November 5th, 2008. The new legislation added to the constitution reads: “Only marriage between a man and a woman is valid or recognized in California.” The issue was prompted in May of 2008, when the California Supreme Court ruled that same sex couples had a right to marry one another according to the Equal Protection Clause of the Constitution of the United States. This overruled earlier legislation known as Proposition 22, which was in fact the same as Proposition 8, but was a part of California’s Family Code, and not written into the constitution. Because the Constitution was given precedence over the Family Code in the Supreme Court’s ruling, Proposition 22 was rendered obsolete. Many people who shared conservative views about the meaning of marriage took exception to that and took action to create Proposition 8. There are a number of reasons why people supported Proposition 8. There was indubitably a measure of homophobia which influenced the result, but proponents of the revision focused their arguments on other issues. Those who supported “Prop 8” claimed that it was not hateful or discriminatory, and that it did not in fact take away the legal rights of non-traditional couples. This argument hinged upon California Family Code Section 297.5, which granted the same rights and responsibilities to civil unions and domestic partnerships as to marriages. The flaw in this reasoning is astoundingly obvious. By taking away a couple’s ability to marry, the state would be taking away one o... ... middle of paper ... ...ist then goes on to cite the research that it described as suffering from “serious methodological problems” for its next two points. The list points to low birthrates in countries where same-sex marriage is legal, as though it can prove in that way that allowing LGBT couples to marry decreases the number of children born in a country. It is a real tragedy that the civil rights of a substantial group of people has been trampled upon by the passing of Proposition 8. When one looks at the reasons why people voted for it, pointless arguments taken out of context are seen. As was pointed out in many of the sources which I found on the debate about the revision, California wields a large amount of influence on how the rest of the United States, and by extension, the rest of the world views issues. It can only be hoped that that will not be the case in this instance.
2. What evidence does Colson present to link same-sex marriage to an increase in out-of-wedlock births? to link single-parent households to increase in crime, early parenthood, and other problems of young people? How effective do you find this evidence?
In Obergefell v. Hodges (2015), the court determined gay marriage to be a constitutional right, striking down several dozen state laws against SSM. While there has been some residual pushback against this decision, overall there has been broad complacence due to a high level of public support for the decision. Little scholarship has been done on how this decision has been implemented because the discussion was made so recently, but some measures show that “99.87 percent of the U.S. population [lives] in a county where same-sex marriage licenses are available” ("Local Government Responses to Obergefell v. Hodges." n.d.). While there are some pockets of resistance it is clear that there is broad local compliance with this decision, likely because of its broad popularity. Instances in which local bodies choose to disregard the Obergefell decision are highly publicized, and generally receive a great deal of public criticism. Thus, the SSM marriage example has fulfilled the two conditions for successful policy, as interest groups were able to use the courts to accomplish a set of aims, and local support has allowed for the implementation of the policy. While there has been some pushback along the way, this pushback has only served to further raise awareness of issue in the minds of the American people, and helped this cause gain
Proposition 47, also known as the Safe Neighborhoods and Schools Act, is an act that applies savings towards mental health and drug treatment programs. It is extremely controversial and viral, with large amounts of support and protests. This piece of rhetoric is relevant and has a critical impact on our local community and state of California. As the Californian General Election Official Voter Guide states, the goal of Prop 47 is to “…ensure that prison spending is focused on violent and serious offenses, to maximize alternatives for non-serious, nonviolent crime, and to invest the savings generated from this act into prevention and support programs in K–12 schools, victim services, and mental health and drug treatment” (Bowen 70). This explains
Abstract On June 26, 2015 a divided Supreme Court ruled in the landmark case Obergefell v. Hodges that same-sex couples could now marry nationwide. At the time of the split ruling there were 9 supreme court justices, 5 of the justices were Republicans, and the remaining 4 were Democrats. In high profile cases it is except that the justices will vote along party lines. When the 5-4 ruling was reveled by the following statement. “It would misunderstand these men and women to say they disrespect the idea of marriage. Their plea is that they do respect it, respect it so deeply that they seek to find its fulfillment for themselves. Their hope is not to be condemned to live in loneliness, excluded from one of civilization’s oldest institutions. They ask for equal dignity in the eyes of the law. The Constitution grants them that right (Corn,2015).” written by
The eighth amendment of the United States Constitution prohibits cruel and unusual punishments. New Cutting edge technology carries with it the likelihood of new treatment for criminals. A fictional example of such technology is Ludovico treatment, which alters the consciousness of a criminal and makes them non-violent. The use of the Ludovico treatment on prisoners can be considered a cruel and unusual punishment and thus violate the eighth amendment. Even though this treatment may be technically unconstitutional, it would be allowed in the United States for the betterment of society.
It has been said that California’s 1996 Proposition 209 is misleading. It can also be said that it is discriminating to women and minorities. Proposition 209 was passed on November, 5 1996 but has not taken effect since the Supreme Court ruled that it is unconstitutional in February 1997.
I talked with a teacher of mine at Chapman University by the name of Les Clements, PhD, to see how he felt about Proposition 13 and he had a lot to say. He felt that this was an idea whose time had come. He also felt that it was totally outrageous to cut programs like music, art and everything except the essentials. "What got me was that it so favored the landlords and the big business owners they got away with paying only one percent so it saved them a bunch while th...
this type of proposition is not new to the voters of california. In the past several attempts to pass an ammenent of this type have failed, and yet the supporters of this change are resiliant to accept the current system and they continue to present the voters with various versions of the same proposed change.
Meezan, William and Jonathan Rauch. "Gay Marriage, Same-Sex Parenting,and America's Children." Marriage and Child Wellbeing 15 (2005): 2.
For some background, this case escalated to the Supreme Court since several groups of same-sex couples from different states, sued state agencies when their marriage was refused to be recognized. As it escalated through appeals, the plaintiffs argued that the states were violating the Equal Protection clause and the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Equal Protection, according to the Constitution refers to the fact that, “any State [shall not] deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law…” (23). The opposition of this case was that, 1) The Constitution does not address same-sex marriage as a policy, and 2) The sovereignty of states regarding the decision. Ultimately, and according to the Oyez project, the Court held that “[the Amendment] guarantees the right to marry as one of the fundamental liberties it protects, and that analysis applies to same-sex couples,” and therefore, same-sex marriage is a fundamental liberty.
In addition, proposition 47 has already begun its everlasting effects in society. Crimes of these committed crimes can leave a traumatizing effect on the victims. There are thousands of cases that would have been prosecuted by Los Angeles County Dist. Attorney, Jackie Lacey, as felonies, but due to prop 47, they became misdemeanors. The people think that some may agree while others may not. California General Election states, “PROPOSITION 47 IS SUPPORTED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT, CRIME VICTIMS AND TEACHERS. We in the law enforcement community have come together in support of Proposition 47 because it will improve public safety. Reduce prison spending and government waste. Dedicate hundreds of millions of dollars to K–12 schools, crime victim assistance, mental health treatment and drug treatment. Proposition 47 is sensible. It focuses law enforcement dollars on violent and serious crime while providing new funding for education and crime prevention programs that will make us all safer.” As you can see, the ones who would likely to be in favor are teachers and law enforcement. The reason why is because the money for prison will be redirected towards education which will provide for more materials to learn. There are many public schools that can use the
Olson does not have to give examples of bad situations that are happening due to this controversy, yet still establishes himself as incredibly humane and considerate. While laying down concrete facts of how " This Bedrock American Principle of Equality is central to the political and legal convictions of Republicans, Democrats, liberals, and conservatives alike"(76), he uses logical appeal to bring respective criticism towards Proposition 8 as denial of basic human rights that this soil and foundation has been built upon. As a reader, you have to be intrigued and question yourself in a sense of "who am I to denounce another human being's rights?" On the other hand, while reading the first article, it would be a slight chance of getting the reader to feel bad due to the well gathered
The California proposition 57 is one of the most controversial measures in this presidential election. Prop. 57 would expand opportunities on parole for nonviolent offenders and suggests that they are the judges, not prosecutors, who decide when an adolescent older than 14 years of age should be tried as an adult. If proposition 57 were to pass, the Governor said that more than 7,000 criminals could qualify, but only 10% would come out of prison early. Annually we spend about $36,000 per person to keep them in jail and we are spending about 9,000 per year for each student to keep them in school, then there is a problem, if we invest more in schools and less prisons then chances are that crime is decreasing.
“Today, about one in every three U.S. births occurs outside of marriage. The proportion of births to unmarried women has risen monotonically over time, and attitudes toward non - marital fertility have become progressively more tolerant” (Musick, 2002, p. 915). Sometimes these births are planned and at other times they are not. “Dramatic increases in cohabitation and associated delays in marriage have changed the composition and character of non-marital births. Unmarried mothers now tend to be older, to have other children, and to be living with a partner at the time of their child’s birth” (Musick, 2002, p. 915). What significance does this have to your research? What does it prove? Why did you include it?
There indicators of child developmental outcomes were categorized into parent and child relationship quality, children’s cognitive development, children’s gender role behavior, children’s gender identity, children’s sexual preference, and children’s social and emotional development. There analysis showed that children with same-sex parents fared equally to children raised by heterosexual parents when comparing developmental outcomes. Same-sex parents also reported a significantly better relationship with their children than heterosexual parents, which was measured by the parent or child perception of the quality of their relationship. This goes back to the argument that parent sexuality has no impact on the child but rather the relationship between the parent and the child has is the most impactful. In Crowl, Ahn and Baker (2008) meta-analysis study also found that the parent sexual orientation had no effect on gender identity, cognitive development, psychological adjustment, and sexual