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Essays on Abraham Maslow's needs hierarchy theory
How do culture and structure impact organizational behavior and the performance of an organization
Essays on Abraham Maslow's needs hierarchy theory
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The management of CBG determined that the company was in a financial predicament and a limited time frame demanded, sweeping and rapid, management and structural reforms and following a thorough investigation the specific areas of concern were identified. Firstly, there existed special relationships, or guanxi, among managers establishing complicated workplace politics within the procedural and management system. The importance of guanxi compares to networking, reciprocity and nepotism in Western business, being described as Chinese business cultural relationships, between individuals, leading to obligations for the ongoing exchange of favours (Dunfee & Warren 2001, p.192). Secondly, the presence of uncoordinated and duplicated operations at …show more content…
Secondly, he simplified CBG, by consolidating branches, asset and resource sharing, and rezoning bus routes, to create a synergic organisational structure. Importantly, directive path-goal leadership style, that is considered acceptable as long as subordinates view it as an immediate or future source of satisfaction (Robbins et al. 1994, p. 488), was used to circumvent …show more content…
In addition, by conducting an effective job evaluation for both frontline and backup staff, the value added by each could be determined. Specifically, this was achieved by measuring the required level of skill and effort, responsibility and respective working conditions of each segment (McShane et al, 2013). Consequently, using the principles behind Herzberg Motivation-Hygiene Theory described by (Robbins et al. 2012 p.271) it was identified, that front line employees needed greater recognition, greater praise and appreciation, increased job security and finally further opportunities, for personal growth, within the organisation. Similarly, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory is adopted, as frontline employee self-esteem, need for recognition and self-actualisation, contributes to achieving their full potential (Kulchmanov et al. 2014). Therefore, the effect of the introduced changes to the workplace, combined with adopting Maslow’s and Herzberg’s need theories, created a better working environment that encouraged job satisfaction (Robbins et al. 2012 p.271) and it is possible that Dr Chen, was well aware that job enrichment comprises the modification of tasks, in order that the employees can have an increased knowledge of the factors of motivation (Sachau, 2007).
Primarily, through the process of improving
Prior to Fuller’s transfer, management at the Carson’s location was poorly run using the classical approach. While this approach can be successful, management has to find a good middle ground between caring for the company and caring about their employees. A traditional classical approach recognizes that there are five important factors to running a successful business (Miller, 19). According to text, these factors are planning, organizing, command, coordination and control (Miller, 19-20). These factors can be seen when you look at Third Bank as a whole. In the study, the CEO saw the issues in his company and put a plan together to improve. He had meetings with management, like fuller, to organize a solution. He then commanded all locations
It 's important for employees to know that their suggestions are being listened to, and should be given ways to improve themselves accordingly. This theory expresses that when a lower need is fulfilled, it 's no longer a strong motivator and consequently the interest in the following higher need gets to be overwhelming and the individual 's consideration is turned towards fulfilling this higher
Describe the cognitive model as presented by Beck and in class. Use an example from your own life to illustrate the cognitive model.
Motivation play an important role in today’s work environment as motivated employees are more productive employees. However, the ways how we motivate the employees have to be improved from time to time as employees are being more demanding and that they are more concern about their needs than before. Motivational strategies have probably affected the most by employee concerns and values (Greiner 1986, p. 82). ‘A motivational strategy is any effort to induce employees to initiate and sustain activities that can directly or indirectly improve service productivity’ (Greiner 1986, p. 82). Motivation can have an effect on the output of your business and concerns both quantity and quality. For example, if you are in a manufacturing company, your business actually relies heavily on your production staff to make sure that quality product are being produce and being delivered to your client at the right time. However, if your production employees are lack of motivation they will be not motivated to produce the amount of product demanded, thus will be very costly. In the essay below, we will be discussing on the strength and weaknesses of McClelland’s acquired needs theory and the expectancy theory.
Organizational structure is one of the three key organizational assets that could contribute to the effectiveness of operations of any organization (Zheng, Yan and Mclean 2009) It is joined together by different flows of information, decision processes, hierarchy of authority, specialization and working materials. (Enz 2009; Mintzberg 1980) Furthermore, it also determines the operating workflow, control of information, decision-making in the organization and the line authority (Mintzberg 1980). The facets of the organizational structure, the relationships that exist within it, and how the business processes (Bititci et al 2011) are controlled, determine the managerial style that should be utilized in addition to the strategies the organization could implement. Going further, a company’s organizational design and the parts that constitute it are seen as a contributing factor to superior performance, which ultimately provide an organization with competitive advantage over its competitors. (Enz 2009; Zheng, Yang, and Mclean 2009)
According to Herzberg’s two factor theory, there exists ‘hygiene factors’, extrinsic factors of a workplace that lead to either dissatisfaction or non-dissatisfaction, but not motivation. As well, there are motivation factors, intrinsically rewarding factors of a workplace that “[emphasize] factors associated with the work itself or with outcomes directly derived from it”. In raising the salary of his employees, Dan hoped that the extrinsic reward of a pay increase would lead to intrinsically beneficial opportunities for personal growth for his employees. The opportunities for personal growth should in turn further motivate employees in their job. When Dan chose to raise the salaries of his employees, he was “influenced by research showing
With this particular style, leaders are known to have a hands off approach when guiding others, and usually they do not provide the support that may be needed. Furthermore, Laissez-fair leaders allow individuals to make their own decisions without much interference or feedback. In addition to a Laissez-fair leader, there is also the transformational method of leadership. A Transformational leader can be described as a person who “persuades their subordinates to take on the organizational revolution as their own” (Rana, Malik, & Hussain, 2007, p. 163). In addition, transformational leaders also formulate challenging purposes in order to pave the way for others. For example, although Abraham Lincoln was the president of the United States, he volunteered in the Blackhawk War, which proves how caring and selfless he was. He was able to sympathize and relate to others, although it may have been considered as politically incorrect. The last leadership style that has been discussed is known as transactional. With the transactional method of guiding others, there is a “reciprocal exchange” (Rana, Malik, & Hussain, 2007, p. 164) that exists between a leader and subordinates. Focusing on the desired outcome is the main objective with transactional leaders as opposed to focusing to the individuals
The General Electric Company (GE) is organized with its chief executive officer, shareowner, and board of directors on the top of the pyramid, followed by their executive leaders and corporate staff. GE’s Board of Directors ensures the company serves the interests of shareowners and other key stakeholders with the highest standards of integrity and compliance. Serving equally as tough critics and wise counselors, they provide in-depth oversight of the major strategic issues of the company (General Electric Company, 2012). The authority officially vested in the board of directors is assigned to a chief executive officer (CEO), who occupies the top of the organizational pyramid (Bateman & Snell, 2011). There chai...
Zhu, Y. & Warner, M. (2000). “An Emerging model of employment relations in China: a divergent path from the Japanese?” International Business Review, 2000, Vol.9 (3), pp.345-361. [03 April 2014]
As with any theory, the motivator-hygiene theory has its share of criticisms. Among them is the lack of consideration for individual differences. Herzberg’s theory only takes into account internal organizational factors and does not consider personal attitudes and beliefs of one’s work. Moreover, the two-factor theory assumes that high job satisfaction equates to performance at work. This, however, does not hold true in many situations.(insert example) A highly satisfied, content, and happy worker is not necessarily the hardest worker in an organization.
Since the end of World War II, international operations have become a reality for an increasing number of corporations. Many of these initial efforts began as simple export schemes to sell goods overseas to supplement domestic sales. Over time, however, international operations have become increasingly more complex: from joint-ventures to purchasing existing foreign firms to ‘green-field’ start-ups. While export operations usually require no more than extended business trips overseas, more complex international operations demand long-term assignments of key personnel outside their home-country. What would normally be considered routine business transactions in the home country can become very complicated when they are conducted between individuals and organizations from different cultures. In this essay we will examine how this cultural gap can affect international business and joint ventures.
...House, R. J. (1996). Path-Goal Theory of Leadership: Lessons, Legacy, and a Reformulated Theory. Wharton School of Management, Leadership Quarterly. 7 (3) P. 323-352. Retrieved from http://leadership.wharton.upenn.edu/l_change/publications/House/house2.pdf
In daily life, we need motivation to improve our performance in our job or in studies. Motivation is an internal force, dependent on the needs that drive a person to achieve. In the other words, motivation is a consequence of expectations of the future while satisfaction is a consequence of past events (Carr, 2005). We need to give reward to our self when we did correctly or we has achieve our target. Reward is something that we are given because we have behaved well, worked hard, or provided a service to the community. Theories of motivation can be used to explain the behavior and attitude of employees (Rowley, 1996; Weaver, 1998). The theories include content theories, based on assumptions that people have individual needs, which motivate their action. Meanwhile according to Robbins (2001), motivation is a needs-satisfying process, which means that when a person's needs are satisfied by certain factors, the person will exert superior effort toward attaining organizational goals. Schulze and Steyn (2003) affirmed that in order to understand people’s behavior at work, managers or supervisors must be aware of the concept of needs or motives which will help “move” their employees to act.Theories such as Maslow (1954), McClelland (1961), Herzberg (1966) and Alderfer (1969) are renowned for their works in this field. The intrinsic reward or also be known as motivators factors is the part of Herzberg motivation theory. Motivators are involve factors built into the job or the studies itself such as achievement, recognition, responsibility and advancement. Hygiene factors are extrinsic to the job such as interpersonal relationship, salary, supervision and company policy (Herzberg, 1966. There have two factors that are called hygiene fac...
Motivation is an important function in organizations to motivate their employees for their ability to perform well, improving their skills, increasing productivity, job satisfaction and employee extension. Employees also are not a machines that we could just program their task in their brain and they will do it automatically, they require motivation to actually do their job properly. And so, after discussing the process models of the Maslow’s “Hierarchy of needs”, Douglas McGregor theory X and Y, and also the Herzberg’s “two factor motivation hygiene theory.” understanding the ways of motivating people, the human nature, and the substance of nature. I believe that the true motivation can only come from within and also managers can actually motivate all of their employees.
Furthermore, there are three theories which explain the different factors in how employees are motivated based on their needs. The first theory, Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, was proved by Abraham Maslow in the years of 1943 and 1954 (McLeod, 2013). Maslow believed that society developed their motivations depending on their needs. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is a theory in which five motivational needs( self-actualization,esteem, belongingness and love, safety, and psychological) are demonstrated in a hierarchy pyramid. The five motivational needs are divided into three categories(basic, psychological, and