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The effects of bipolar on an individual
Causes of bipolar disorder essay
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Bipolar Disorder Manic Episode
Bipolar disorder is a brain disorder that causes unusual shifts in mood, energy, activity levels, and the ability to carry out activities of daily living (NIMH, 2009). People with bipolar disorder usually experience “mood episodes” (NIMH, 2009). An overly joyful or overexcited state is called a manic episode (NIMH, 2009). A manic episode is a distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood and abnormally and persistently increased goal-directed activity or energy, lasting at least 1 week, and present most of the day, nearly every day (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Some symptoms that are present during a manic episode are increased self-esteem or grandiosity, decreased need for sleep, more talkative than usual, flight of ideas or subjective experience that thoughts are racing, distractibility, increase in goal-directed activity and excessive involvement in activities that have a high potential for painful consequences (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
Medical treatments for people with bipolar disorder manic episode include medication and psychotherapy to prevent relapse and to reduce the severity of symptoms (NIMH, 2009). Mood stabilizing medications are usually the first choice to treat someone who has bipolar disorder (NIMH, 2009). Anticonvulsants are also used to help control moods, and are sometimes prescribed (NIMH, 2009). Lithium is often very effective in controlling symptoms of mania and preventing the recurrence of manic and depressive episodes (NIMH, 2009). Other treatments that are used for people with bipolar disorders are electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), and sleep medications (NIMH, 2009). Research shows that bipolar disorder man...
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... help George throughout the treatment and his family will be educated on it as well. Real-life and stimulated environments will help George with his goal of returning to the community.
References
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
(5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.
Bipolar disorder. (2013). Retrieved from http://averaorg.adam.com/content.aspx?productId=10&pid=10&gid=000066http://averaorg.adam.com/content.aspx?productId=10&pid=10&gid=000066 Leahy, R. L. (2007). Bipolar disorder: Causes, contexts, and treatments. Journal of Clinical
Psychology, 63(5), 417-424. Doi: 10.10002/jclp.20360
National Institute of Mental Health [NIMH]. (2009). Introduction: Bipolar disorder. (2008).
Retrieved from http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/bipolar-disorder/index.shtml
‘“God, you’re a lot of trouble,’ George said. ‘I could get along so easy so nice if I didn’t have you on my tail. I could live so easy and maybe have a girl”’ (7). Yet, George looks beyond the ways in which Lenny irritates and inconveniences him and realizes that Lenny is as human as he is. He believes that regardless of Lenny’s disability, he should be treated as respectfully as anyone else. Contrary to his earlier remarks, George has great affinity for Lenny. George understands that Lenny necessitates a watchful-eye, and he is willing to be that caretaker. Ultimately, if George did not love and care about Lenny, he would have most likely abandoned him. However, George’s fundamental decency did not allow him to do this.
According to the documentary, medicine is the most commonly used intervention mechanism to elevate and dull symptoms of bipolar disorder (2016). Of all the medicine used to combat bipolar disorder, lithium, is considered the “gold standard.” It has been shown to be the most effective and consistent and treating symptoms, however, only 30% of patients benefit from using lithium (2016). Other medications can be used, but have varying levels of effectiveness in patients. It often takes years for patients to find the right mixture of medication to help combat symptoms. For some patients with bipolar, medication is useless at fighting symptoms (2016). For example, the video followed Gary who was desperate for treatment and who was thought to be medication resistant. He elected to participate in Electro-convulsive therapy (ETC), which induces remission in 80% of patients and has been known to be rapidly effective for those with bi-polar disorder. For Gary, the treatment was used to apply electric current to the brain. This current changed the way neurons connect to one another in his brain and even stimulated the
Bipolar Disorder (Formerly known as Manic Depression) is a mental illness linked to alterations in moods such as mood swings, mania, and depression. There is more than one type, Bipolar I and Bipolar II, and the subcategories are divided by the severity of the symptoms seen, such as cyclothymic disorder, seasonal mood changes, rapid cycling disorder and psychosis. Age of onset usually occurs between 15-30 years old with an average onset of 25 years old but it can affect all ages. (Harvard Medical School; Massachusetts General Hospital , 2013) Bipolar disorder affects more than two million people in the United States every year. (Gardner, 2011)
Geddes, J. R., & Miklowitz, D. J. (2013). Treatment of Bipolar Disorder. The Lancet, 381(9878), 1672-1682. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60857-0
...aid in diminishing these symptoms. By focusing specifically on his fear of germs throughout the treatment, Mandel will learn different ways to stop these thoughts from causing his daily routines to come to a halt.
In order to be diagnosed with bipolar disorder, the patient must have experienced at least one manic episode. The patient’s manic episodes meet the criteria in multiple ways. The patient’s elevated self-esteem, or grandiosity, can be seen when he views himself as more intellectual than parts of his family because of the literature he reads. This can also be seen when the patient views himself as superior to his love interest, Tiffany, because his sex life has not been as promiscuous as hers. The patient has demonstrated a decreased need for sleep as he stays awake until 3:00AM consistently and wakes up early with plenty of energy to exercise. Increased talkativeness is also present in the patient’s behavior causing many conversations to be very rushed and one-sided. The patient’s stream of thoughts and conversations are often racing. Increased distractibility also affects the patient causing him to interrupt others only to change the subject to whatever topic has gained his interest. Finally, the patient demonstrates increased goal-directed activity. These activities include the following: creating an extensive reading list and accomplishing it in a very limited amount of time, establishing a demanding workout routine, attempting to find the “silver lining” in all experiences, and learning a
Hubner excels at the task that readers can visualize the anguish and drama experienced in the COG treatment by the students, the professional staff, and by the author himself. Outside the COG meetings, the author kept in constant interaction with the psychologists and counselors and other staff who were leading the treatment sessions and worked with the kids. Hubner was in this way able to clarify questions which the reader might ask concerning backgrounds, relationships, and treatment of the students.
Bipolar disorder is a lifelong mood disorder characterized by periods of mania, depression, or a mixed manic-depressive state. The condition can seriously affect a person’s reasoning, understanding, awareness, and behavior. Acco...
Hopkins, H.S. and Gelenberg, A.J. (1994). Treatment of Bipolar Disorder: How Far Have We Come? Psychopharmacology Bulletin. 30 (1): 27-38.
The severe mood fluctuations of bipolar or manic-depressive disorders have been around since the 16-century and affect little more than 2% of the population in both sexes, all races, and all parts of the world (Harmon 3). Researchers think that the cause is genetic, but it is still unknown. The one fact of which we are painfully aware of is that bipolar disorder severely undermines its victims ability to obtain and maintain social and occupational success. Because the symptoms of bipolar disorder are so debilitation, it is crucial that we search for possible treatments and cures.
In life we all go through experiences that cause our moods to change for better or for worse. There are times that we experience degrees of great joy and happiness just as other times we experience great sadness and despair. These polar emotional opposites can be brought about by a cornucopia of circumstances such as the joy and excitement of getting married or the birth of a child to the deep sadness and grief over the loss of a loved one or one’s employment. Feelings of joy and feelings of sadness are normal parts of human life. Some however are unfortunate enough to be force to cope with these emotions to the extreme and on a regular basis. Some individuals must further cope with an ever present emotion rollercoaster, switching from one emotional extreme to the next with regularity. This personality disorder is known as bipolar disorder.
Actually, there is no cure for bipolar disorder. But proper treatment help most people with bipolar disorder gain better control of the swing moods. We will using four type of treatment for bipolar disorder. The treatment are from physical treatment, cognitive treatment and lastly is psychotherapy treatment.
Bipolar Disorder is the tendency of manic episodes to alternate with major depressive episodes, like a roller coaster. Barlow, D., Durand, M., Stewart, S., & Lalumière, M., 2014, p. 222. Their moods and relationships are unstable and they usually have a very poor self image, recurrent feelings of emptiness and fear of abandonment. Barlow, D., Durand, M., Stewart, S., & Lalumière, M., 2014, p. 444.
The treatments aim to “minimize the frequency of manic and depressive episodes and to reduce the severity of symptoms” (Medical News Today); they are not meant to stop the episodes completely. The most common drug treatment is lithium carbonate, but anticonvulsants and antipsychotics are also often prescribed. Since Bipolar Disorder never really goes away, patients must continue treatment even when they feel fine. Stopping treatment presents a high risk of “a relapse of symptoms or having minor mood changes turn into full-blown mania or depression” (Mayo Clinic). Using medication in combination with Psychotherapy or “talk therapy” can also be effective. Versions of psychotherapy include family-focused therapy and interpersonal and social rhythm therapy. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is also used for people with severe symptoms who haven’t shown improvement with medications or when “other medical conditions, improving pregnancy, make taking medications too risky” (NIMH). ECT is much safer than it was in the past and now “uses electric currents given in a controlled setting to achieve the most benefit with the fewest possible risks” (Mayo Clinic), but it still causes some short-term side effects, like memory loss and disorientation. Temporary hospitalization may be advised if the patient is considered dangerous, but patients can avoid severe symptoms by “keeping up a regular routine with a healthy diet, enough sleep, and regular exercise”
Bipolar disorder is a lifelong condition that can affect how you feel and how you act. It is a mood disorder caused by chemical imbalances in the brain that can result in extreme mood swings, from manic highs to depressive lows. Also known as manic-depressive disorders, bipolar disorder is categorized and determined as “a psychological state in which a person experiences a mood disorder causing radical alterations in their moods”. Elevated levels of either manic or depression are very common with a person affected by a bipolar disorder.