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Sociological imagination of bullying
Introduction of causes of bullying
Introduction of causes of bullying
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Bullying behavior does not originate from behavioral influences alone. In fact, biological factors for bullying show up in 61% for those prone to this behavior (Ball et al, 2018). What does this mean for the child who is prone to show bullying behavior? It means the behavioral influences, such as stressful life events of a divorce, or trauma, may be the puzzle piece that is needed to bring out these behaviors in a child who already has a biological proclivity for aggression.
Many people have tried to desist bullying using school programs and keeping an eye out for bad behavior. What about the bully’s perspective? What brought them to be aggressive towards others? Can people catch bullies early in development to correct their behavior?
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“Children who engage in bullying from a young age may be involved in what is known as precursory bullying. Precursory bullying has implications for future bullying, and is understood as ultimately destructive and damaging” (Levine and Tamburrino, 2014). There is no doubt about this, we’ve all heard about adults that have been bullied as children and do not come out successful members of society. Clearly, this is a lifelong
Bullying has become a major problem facing the United States today. The American Psychological Association reports that roughly 40% to 80% of children are involved in bullying on some level during their time in school. (APA, 2014) The magnitude of the problem can be observed in the statistics. In the United States, a total of 4,080,879 children between the ages of five and 18 have been the victims of bullying compared to 3,892,199 who have reported that they have engaged in bullying someone else. Additionally, 851,755 said that they have been both the victim and the bully. That's a whopping 8,824,833 people in the United States that have been involved in bullying behavior on one level or another. (High, B., 2000 Census)
Bullies, who can be children and adults, can be physically violent towards others because they have seen domestic violence in the comfort of their own homes. According to Behavior Advisor, “Some believe that bullies learn their intimidation tactics from their parents/guardians, and are displaying behaviors that serve a function in their home environments” (“Bullying: Characteristics and Interventions”). Children watch a lot of adult activity and they have the drama embedded in their brain; thinking it is tolerable to be dominant towards others. In the same way, when children grow up, they still have a violent mindset when they become
The psychoanalytic perspective (Erikson’s psychosocial stages), Sigmund Freud Ego or psychological defense mechanism, and behaviorism and social learning theory, are important to understanding adolescent bullying. In the psychoanalytic approach, development is discontinuous and as such occurs in stages where “people move through a series of stages in which they confront conflicts between biological drives and social expectations, and how these conflicts are resolved depends on the person’s ability to learn, to cope with others and cope with stress” (Berk 2010, p.15). According to Sigmund Freud from this theory, individuals use a mechanism called psychological defense mechanisms which when they feel an overpowering anxiety, the ego employs to protect themselves against unwanted, scary feelings or weaknesses within their psyche or consciousness. The use of these defense mechanisms can be useful sometimes and also hurtful at other times to us and others, which emanates as aggressive behavior e.g. bullying [2]. Erikson’s psychosocial stages of development are important for understanding bully behavior. According to Erikson, a “basic psychological conflict which is resolved along a scale from positive to negative determines a healthy or maladaptive outcomes of each stage” [Berk 2010, p.16], in other words as the child grows and goes through each of the psychosocial stages, he or she negotiates new cognitive and emotional experiences which enables him or her to pass through the stage with either a positive or negative outcome. The effects and results of a negative outcome from the stages can be used to describe aggressive behavior such as bullying [Berk 2010, p.16]. According to the behaviorism and learning theory, they believed that b...
Bullies usually have had a traumatic childhood or have personal problems (Verial). “A lack of consistent consequences and parenting can also lead to children exhibiting bully behaviors” (Hatter). Also, “ a parent who falls back on parenting techniques based on aggression may fit the bullying profile” (Hatter). ...
Bullies appear in all shapes and sizes. There is not a specific physical trait that they all carry. Although, mentally and emotionally bullies might be extremely similar. Most of the time, there is some type of deep insecurity within the bully that causes them to push it onto another person. A child or teen that does bully others are known to also be engaged in other various harmful activities. They are more likely to use drugs or alcohol and tend to engage in sexual activities earlier than the norm. A bully can be someone that is popular and has a high social status. This causes them to want to establish dominance and a position above everyone else. For example, the movie Mean Girls deals with this type of conflict. A character in this movie named Regina George made a "Burn Book" to establish her dominance. This book showcased gossip and rumors about students and teachers who attended her high school. A bully could also be someone who is isolated and deals with a great amount of low self-esteem. This still cau...
The answer is simple, they bully so they don’t have to deal with their own problems, which is taking the “easy way out”, according to James Lehman who has a master in Social work. Bullies have not learned how to deal with their own problems, so they take it out on others. One source of bullying is at home. If children are seeing their mom, dad, brother, sister, or even aunts or uncles bullying people, that is how they learn to bully. Bullies use aggression, violence and even verbal abuse. They don’t learn how to solve their problems, so they just threaten other children instead. What does an aggressive bully look like you might ask? Well, they are the children on the playground not playing with anyone or roaming around alone. They may throw and break things because it makes them feel more powerful and in
Everyone has been bullied or encountered someone being bullied at some point of their life. Whether it would be physically or verbally both can be exceedingly traumatizing and can have a long-term psychological influence on children’s development. Majority people may define bullying in a more physical term; nevertheless that’s not always the case. The act of bullying can occur in several ways and in reality affect the individual in the same way. Bullying is generally defined as repeated, negative, and harmful actions focused at target throughout a course of time, exhibiting a sense of power difference between the bully and the victim (Olweus, 1993; Limber & Mihalic, 1999 as cited from Douglas J. Boyle, 2005). A survey was conducted in the United States estimating that over six million children, about 30% in grade six through ten have experienced frequent bullying in a school environment (Nansel, 2001 as cited from Douglas J. Boyle, 2005). Many people might debate that bullying is something that every child goes through and is simply a part of growing up, although there are several damaging consequences that happens to the child’s brain. Bullying causes the child to feel upset, isolated, frightened, anxious, and depressed. They feel like they reason they are being picked on is because there is something wrong with them and may even lose their confidence feel unsafe going to school (Frenette, 2013 as cited from Douglas J. Boyle, 2005) Anthropologically, sociologically, or psychologically, bullying can be analyzed through different perspectives and several questions can be asked based on the topic:
Bullying by definition is a form of aggressive behavior in which someone intentionally and repeatedly causes another person injury or discomfort. Bullying can take the form of physical contact, words or more subtle actions. [Why] Bullying has grown new outlets over the last decade. With social media outlets and text messaging added to the game, bullying is not just about getting tormented face to face anymore. Cyber bullying can include sending out mean or threatening emails and instant messages about a person, spreading rumors about someone and also include photos that a person would consider to be humiliating. [Chamberlin] Bullying can have many outlets. The most common form of bullying is still face to face confrontation. But the other outlets, such as cyber bullying are definitely not something to take lightly or consider low on a scale of importance. Sexual harassment, racial differences, not being “cool enough”, or just simply being viewed as a weaker individual may attribute to many of the reasons a person is preyed on.
Bullying is a growing concern in a society where status and exercising power over another human being are increasingly important in developing one’s social circles. Dan Olweus (Norwegian researcher and founder of the Olweus Bullying Prevention Program) defines it as an “aggressive behaviour that is intentional and that involves an imbalance of power. Most often, it is repeated over time” (Violencepreventionworks.org). School victimization is an especially delicate matter that has only really been in the public eye for the past half century, as more and more researchers and psychologists pointed out its short- and long-term negative effects on targeted individuals. It has since been widely investigated and numerous programs have been developed in an effort to address and prevent the many forms of bullying that exist today. The negative effects of such an abusive behaviour are various and can greatly differ from individual to individual. However, there are three main consequences that can be associated with school bullying, which are: school avoidance, depression/anxiety and even suicidal attempts.
Educators attempt to provide safe, nurturing environments where students can thrive. Any disturbance to this climate can have negative affects on students’ educational performances. Bullying is one such disruption. Unfortunately, physical and verbal abuse are nothing new in the school setting, however, the rise of technology in our country has created a new setting for bullies to target their victims. Cyberbulling, or the use of any number of technological means to harm or harass another, has become an increasingly prevalent occurrence, specifically among school-aged children (Campfield, 2006).
It has been shown that envy and resentment may motivate victimization, other reasons to bully may be due to low self-esteem where the bullies cover themselves by demeaning others. Some study has shown that shame and anxiety boost self-esteem. The behavior may also arise due to jealousy or it may be due to previous bullying at some stage of their lives. The way of bringing up a child may also contribute to bullying behavior, this happens because the children tent to repeat the models they learn from parents. Lines, (2008).
Bullying is an issue that is a problem in society today. Bullying is any kind of unwanted behavior to an individual on repeated occasions which is a display of power over someone. Bullying is mainly common among students in school, and unfortunately, it happens in other places like at home between parents and children, and on rare occasions, among adults. When people began to identify bullying for what it is, it was only known as a physical aggression towards others, but over the course of time, bullying has moved from just physical bullying to verbal bullying, and power abuse in the workplace between co-workers in different ranks. In a book called Welfare Brat: A Memoir, Mary was bullied in school by boys on the streets, and unfortunately, she was verbally bullied by her mom. Bullying among children in the society is caused by different reasons, and affects its victims negatively.
Causes of bullying come from broken homes or low self-esteem. The results of bullying tend to be damaging. The victims take their lives and or have depression. Bullying causes something in your brain to go wrong. The causes of bullying take place in the mind of people. The article Psychology of Bullying stated, “Devastating effects of bullying is the pattern it creates in the victims’ minds and personalities that can last their whole life.” Bullying affects them mentally. After a few years, days or months they will not be the same person they were
The lack of parental attention causes a feeling of insecurity leading someone to acquit bullying. Unfortunately, adult role moles, parents, teachers, coaches, can build up tension in a student to generate them to bully. Students that are neglected, have divorced parents, or are around the influence of drugs/alcohol are more controlling and impulsive by nature. Those who have younger siblings are more suitable to bully in order to feel empowered. When children have an inadequate amount of supervision from a parent, they suppose they can get away with anything, like bullying. Bullying is more known in schools due to a student trying to fit in, and act “cool” in front of his or her classmates. A lot of people believe that in order to acknowledge power and popularity, you need to push the people around you to gain control. However, some children bully others because they used to once be a victim of bullying. Bullying can also arise from peer pressure through manipulation. On the other hand, bullies do not need a reason to hurt another, they seek fragile targets, and intensely desire attention. Also, bullies are not aware of their wrong behavior, and how gruesome it makes a person