BPH is a condition in men in which the prostate gland is enlarged in size, causing to interruption of the outflow of urine from the urinary bladder through the urethra. It is unregulated proliferation of glandular epithelium, connective tissue and smooth muscle within the prostatic transition area. As Patel and Parsons (2014) suggests, age and genetics play the significant role in the aetiology of BPH and which are non-modifiable. Similarly, risk factors for BPH are obesity, excess weight, diabetes, the metabolic syndrome and diet, which are modifiable. Although, the clinical manifestations of BPH are urinary symptoms like urinary retention, voiding difficulty problem and urine dribbling at the end are obstructive symptoms. Likewise, nocturia,
Kidney Stone Removal Introduction Kidney stones emerge from the accumulation of material in the urine, which tends to clog the kidney urine drainage system. Usually, this material flows out of the urinary system along with the urine. However, over extended periods of time, this material forms larger masses which may result in blockage of the urinary tract. This blockage may predispose to infection, which is characterized by bleeding and relentless pain. It can eventually lead to kidney failure.
Kidneys have important roles in maintaining health and making our lives easier everyday. It is located near the middle of your back, just below the rib cage. Functions of the kidneys include extracting wastes from the blood and balancing body fluids from the urine. Most of kidney diseases attack the nephrons, which is the functional units of the kidney. This damages causes kidney malfunctions for example, medicines, genetic problems and injuries.
The diagnosis of this syndrome is mostly clinical. Various sets of clinical features have been used to identify PCOS in studies globally. It was estimated in one study that about 70% of women with anovulation and normal serum gonadotropin levels suffer from PCOS(1), whereas 50% of those with PCOS are overweight(5). Some studies also used ultrasound imaging in diagnosing PCOS and reported a prevalence of 21% to 22%. In a study from North America PCOS with oligomenorrhea alone was found to be prevalent in about 4.4% Whites and 21% Indian women, whereas prevalence of PCOS as defined by both oligomenorrhea and hyperandrogenism ranges from 3.4% to 9% in different ethnicities.(6)
Prostate cancer has been the number one diagnosed cancer today. According to the World Health Organization, approximately one in every ten American men will develop prostate cancer during his lifespan. This cancer has been very common in the last few years. American Cancer Society reported over 200,000 new cases of prostate cancer. Huge number of population suffered severely. The prostate is significant for reproduction. It helps the substances that are involved in fertilization and transporting of sperm as well as survival. Prostate tumor is developed in the prostate gland, which is found in the men’s reproductive system. Prostate is the size of a walnut, which is located inferiorly in the penis and anterior to the rectum. It contains the connective tissue, which includes the glandular and fibrous tissues. This tumor starts to develop during their adolescent year due to the control of the male reproductive hormones. When the tumor starts to develop, it begins at the urethra, which is a tube that releases the urine from the bladder. The tumor is a slow development yet it is contagious to the other parts of the body, such as it does affect the pelvic bones, lungs, liver, and the lower vertebrae (Zenka, 2009).
The urinary system does more than you might think. The obvious functions of the urinary system are excretory and urine formation which transports storage urine and release, but it does quite a lot more. Since it is a regulator of how much water is in the blood it can impact blood pressure but it can also stimulate blood cell formation. Vitamin D is made from the interaction of sunlight and your skin but it is activated to perform its hormone function by the kidney cells. Your blood must stay within a very narrow range of pH for critical chemical reactions to occur, and to prevent damage to cells and tissues. The Urinary System is vital in keeping the pH in proper balance. Summarizing the previous we can conclude that the urinary system has 7 functions in total.
The urinary system has many different organs in order for it to work as a whole. Each organ does different functions. The urinary system consists of the two kidneys, the two ureters, the bladder, the two sphincter muscles, the nerves in the bladder, and the urethra. After your body takes what it needs from the food you eat waste products are then left behind in the blood. The urinary system works with the lungs, skin, and intestines to keep the chemicals and water in your body balanced. The urinary system removes urea from your body. Urea is made when the foods you eat that are high in protein are broken down in the body. Urea is then carried into the bloodstream to the kidneys by the renal arteries.
Obesity has become a very critical problem in the United States. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2011) in the past two decades there has been an increasingly dramatic increase in obesity seen within the United States. Evidence from research indicate a strong correlation between being over-weight or obese with incidences of coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes, hypertension and cancers increases (CDC, 2011). A major complication associated with diabetes is the occurrence of nephropathy which can lead to end stage renal disease (ESRD).
Sharpe, Richard M. and Niels Skakkebaek. 1993. Are oestrogens involved in falling sperm counts and disorders of the male reproductive tract? Lancet
Hypertension is a general disease that is basically defined as continual elevated arterial blood pressure (BP).1 Blood pressure measurement for adults in the absence of acute end organ damage are classified as follows: Normal blood pressure is indicated if Systolic blood pressure (SBP) is less than 120mmHg and Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) is lower than 80mmHg and required to be rechecked in two years, Prehypertension is defined if SBP is between 120-139mmHg or DBP within 80-89mmHg and required to recheck in one year, stage 1 hypertension is defined as SBP between 140 -159mmHg or DBP of 90-99mmHg and need to be proven within 2 months and Stage 2 hypertension is SBP of 160mmHg or higher or a DBP of 100mgHg or higher and need to
United States. Natl. Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Impotence. Online. Internet. 9
A urinary tract infection is a very common infection that can happen to anybody. A urinary tract infection usually occurs when bacteria enters the urethra and multiples in the urinary system. The Urinary tract includes the kidneys, the thin tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder (ureters), and the main tube that carries the urine from the bladder (urethra). Women, men, and children are all immune to this infection. Women have the highest chances of getting it. In the Urinary tract, the main links of the ureters help get rid of any bacteria that tries to enter the urine, and the bladder helps prevent urine from backing up into the kidneys.
While the symptoms are all the same, many different names have been attributed to menopause-like symptoms in males. Some physicians use the term “SLOH” or “Symptomatic Late Onset Hypogonadism” to describe andropause while others who prefer to label it a deficiency refer to it as ‘”ADAM” or “androgen deficiency of the male”. Whether or not andropause should be treated depends on one’s physician’s opinion on the matter. Some believe that andropause is a natural state that all aging males undergo and that it shouldn’t be treated as a medical abnormality while others believe that there are considerable positive effects of hormone therapy. Supporters of hormone therapy do not agree with the idea that lower hormone levels are simply a natural process of aging. They point out that as life expectancy has increased, so has the need to treat aging-related hormonal shifts. In order to form an opinion on whether andropause should be considered a treatable disease, it’s important to understand its physiological process and an underlying condition known as “adrenopause”.
glandular tissues. Drug therapy and abnormal liver functioning can also be causes of gynecomastia in older men.
Many men over 60 do not realize the importance HGH, or Human Growth Hormone, plays in their natural ability to restore and repair itself during times of rest. Human Growth Hormone is a naturally occurring hormone found in the human body. HGH is secreted from the pituitary gland at night, during slow wave sleep, and has many amazing health benefits.
All the conditions previously mentioned are highly correlated to hyperinsulinemia or Insulin resistance group. Also cancer specially in female patients with a high mortality rate still been studied to find out it’s correlation to genetics or to the Omega 6 fatty acids