Reference paper
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Arluke, A. (1994). Managing emotions in an animal shelter (pp. 145-165). Animals and human society. New York: Routledge.
Hochschild, A. R.. (1979). Emotion Work, Feeling Rules, and Social Structure. American Journal of Sociology, 85(3), 551–575. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/2778583
Smith, A. C., & Kleinman, S.. (1989). Managing Emotions in Medical School: Students' Contacts with the Living and the Dead. Social Psychology Quarterly, 52(1), 56–69. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/2786904
Shadyac, T. (Director). (1999). Patch Adams [Motion picture]. Universal
Arluke, A. (1994). Managing emotions in an animal shelter (pp. 145-165). Animals and human society. New York:
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Routledge. Response Paper In the reading Emotion work and Feeling rules Hochschild ( 1979) says that individuals on a daily basis manage and control their emotions, which she called emotion work (p.58) The Hochschild reading also gives us the idea of feeling rules which govern how people are supposed to feel in a certain situation ( Hochschild, 1979, p.59-60). One example is if you are at a funeral you are supposed to feel sad. This example of emotion work is acceptable in this situation. laughing isn't an appropriate emotion in this situation, and as a result you are breaking the feeling rule. Hochschild's Ideas listed above can be applied to what goes on in hospital settings. In the Smith and Kleinman (1989) reading it was shown that med students were not allowed to develop relationships with their patients. Med students and other medical professionals have to learn how to manage their emotions when it comes to dealing with situations involving patients. Some of the med Students in the reading had inappropriate feelings of desire towards their patients, or they feel disgust when looking at a dead body (Smith & Kleinman,1989). This breaks the feeling rules of how medical professionals are supposed to act. Smith and Kleinman (1989) argue that when students enter med school they are socialized to learn the idea of affective neutrality, where doctors are supposed to have a detached concern for patients(p.56). According to the Patch Adams movie (1998) Patch Adams experience as patient shaped the way he viewed doctor-student interactions.
When he went to the mental health clinical he realized how doctors were detached from the patient. Doctors wouldn't get to know the patient and treated them as they were a disease and need to be cured. The doctors didn't really pay attention to their patients as evidenced in the movie, Petch would say random vulgar words to the doctor, and the doctor didn't realize it (shadyac). It was this experience that made him want to become a doctor and change the way how doctors, and patients …show more content…
interact. According to the movie (1998) Patches style broke the expectations of professional behaviors required by doctors. For one he would develop a strong relationship with all of his patients. Doctors are supposed to maintain a boundary between them and the patients. He would try to make the patients happy and help them with any problems in life they had. Doctors are supposed to treat the disease not the person. Patche's professional behavior was more like that of a clown than a doctor (shadyac). The nurses, and the patients loved patches behavior in the hospital( (shadyac,1998). They think he is a good person and his actions have made the hospital a better place (shadyac,1998) However, he is viewed as a deviant by his peers and his superiors (shadyac,1998) .They feel he has made a mockery of the medical profession, and they hate how he refuses to become a conformist (shadyac, 1998). The dean even threatens him with expulsion if he keeps up his antics (shadyac, 1998). The types of emotion management technique from the reading that the charterers in the movie displayed are evocation and suppression . Evocation is shown when Patch tries to make the kids with cancer happy. (shadyac, 1998) He dresses up like a clown and does funny things to invoke the children to display the emotion of laughter and feeling happy. (shadyac, 1998). Suppression is shown when Patch is in the dean's office because he went back to the hospital after being warned he's not allowed (shadyac, 1998). While the dean was scolding him he put on the emotion of being dazed which showed the dean he doesn't care at all about what he did (shadyac, 1998). There were many similarities between the the movie and the Smith and Kleinman article.
One example is that both in the reading and the movies students couldn't visit the hospital into the third year. In the reading Smith and Kleinman argue that “By competing for years for the highest grades, these students have learned to separate their feelings from the substance of their classes and to concentrate on the impersonal facts of the subject matter” (Smith & Kleinsman, 1979,p.61). This idea is exactly the same for the students in the movie. The students in the movie think that getting higher grades will help patients and think that Petch's way of dealing with patients is a joke (shadyac,
1998). One similarity between the movie and Arluke article is the idea of attachments. In the movie patch has a strong attachment to his patients(shadyac,1998). In the Arluke reading people who worked in the animal shelter became attached to the animal (Arluke). In both cases the attachment was frowned upon by the superiors. One similarity between the Arluke and the Smith, and Kleinman article that both the medical students and animal shelter workers both had different expectations of what they signed up for. In Smith & Kleinman study (1979), medical students thought they would work with patients as soon as they started medical school, not knowing they had to spend two years. Likewise the people who worked in the animal shelter weren't able to euthanize those animals (Arluke,1994). As one can see the concepts of emotion work, fell rules, and emotion management techniques are prevalent in the two readings and the Patch Adams movie. It also makes us think about how and how and how much we do emotion work in our lives, in numerous settings such as school or work.
In the article “A change of heart about animals” author Jeremy Rifkin uses rhetorical appeals such as ethos, logos, and pathos to persuade humanity in a desperate attempt to at the very least have empathy for “our fellow creatures” on account of the numerous research done in pursuit of animal rights. Rifkin explains here that animals are more like us than we imagined, that we are not the only creatures that experience complex emotions, and that we are not the only ones who deserve empathy.
The Truth About No-Kill Animal Shelters. Examiner. The. N.p., 13 June 2012. Web. The Web.
Most people are familiar with service dogs and have seen them in action. Animal-assisted therapy is similar service animals in that an animal-human healing partnership is being created. However, the difference is that therapy pets are typically used to treat a mental disability whereas people with physical disabilities use service dogs to help them in many ways. Therapy animals are used in a wide variety of places, such as, hospitals, prisons, nursing homes, therapy sessions, mental healthcare facilities, and even in people’s homes. These amazing animals are used on a wide variety of different disorders, but they are utilized mostly by people suffering from depression, anxiety, and PTSD. For people with these mental health disorders, everything in live can be difficult and challenging, however with the help of animal-assisted therapy, their mood, motivation, and life can dramatically improve. Anyone who hears about these brave, loving animals soon falls in love with them. From a medical standpoint, there have been many successful studies and the support for animal-assisted therapy still continues to grow in doctors and therapists across the nation.
“Do animals have emotions?” When animal lovers and pet owners are asked this question, the answer is a quick and definite, “Yes!” For others, the answer isn 't so simple. Many of the researchers that had reservations, spent their time wondering what dogs (and other animals) were capable of feeling, or if they were capable of feeling anything at all. Since these researchers were unable to put feelings under a microscope, their research lead no where, and they remained skeptics. To the contrary,Marc Bekoff, author of several books including The Emotional Lives of Animals: A Leading Scientist Explores Animal Joy, Sorrow, and Empathy and Why They Matter, begins his research three decades ago with the question, “What does it feel like to be a
When an animal is beaten, it not only causes the animal to be physically harmed, but it can also result in the animal receiving severe psychological damage. The abuse can cause the animal to become afraid of all humans, whether they are abusive or not. Not only can the victim become afraid of humans, it can cause it to even be hostile towards people and other animals. For example, if a dog’s previous owner was abusive, that can end in the dog being aggressive towards others due to its fear of being hurt like he/she was in the past. A tremendous part of animal cruelty that people do not recognize is the abuse of animals is linked to the abuse of humans in many cases. Animal neglect correlates with human neglect, which usually involves a child, elder, or other dependent (Animal Legal Defense Fund). In a survey, seventy-one percent of domestic violence victims said that their abuser also turned their household pet into a victim of abuse (Animal Cruelty Facts and Statistics). In a study completed in 1983, eighty-eight percent of families under investigation for child abuse partook in animal abuse along with the abuse of their child (Animal Cruelty Facts and Statistics). Not only does this cruelty affect the victims, but it can also affect the ones witnessing the violence. When someone is in the presence of violence of an animal or another person, it can affect the
The 'Secondary' of the 'Secon Singer P. Animal Liberation, Inc. A New Ethics for the Treatment of Animals. Avon Books. New York, NY: New York, 1975. Spencer, Colin.
Emotional regimes and emotional communities are a part of all societies both in the past and the present and as such, the analysis of both is crucial in understanding the culture and motives of the societies. Moreover, the comparison of the theories, noting the differences, can further enhance one’s understanding of societies, thus making these theories a valuable tool for
The ugly truth is that animals are dying at the hands of their owners everyday, some in very violent ways that can be avoidable given the right solution. Slaughterhouses, puppy mills, dog fighting, and so on, are just a few examples of how animals are being treated badly by people. Animal cruelty is a form of violence which, un...
Albany: State University of New York Press, 1992. Call Number: HV4711.A5751992. Morris, Richard Knowles, and Michael W. Fox, eds. On the Fifth Day, Animal Rights. and Human Ethics.
Waples KA, Stagoll CS. Ethical issues in the release of animals from captivity. Roundtable. 1997; 115-120.
Rosen, L. D., Cheever, N. A., Cummings, C., & Felt, J. (2008). The impact of emotionality and
Some people do not consider certain acts of animal cruelty to be cruelty or they do not care. Normally the people who think like that are the ones who are actually causing the animal abuse themselves. Animal abusers sometimes do not see any wrong in what they are doing because they do not care what the animals feel. They do not think if the animals are happy or being hurt, they just continue doing what they are doing because to them it is not cruelty towards the animal. Some, though, do not believe that t...
The way animals are treated in zoos, laboratories, and farms has become a concern to many people. ‘Suffering’ covers a wide range of different emotional states such as fear, boredom, exhaustion, pain grief, thirst, and hunger. Suffering is also defined as the bearing or undergoing of pain, distress or injury. Laws, guidelines, regulations, and codes have been put in place to inform people of how animals should be treated. All the animals are not humans, they feel pain as well, and they should not have to suffer because of our selfish wants and needs. Humans response towards negative and positive reinforcers are similar to the way non-human animals react. All though we may be genetically and physically different, we are still pretty similar. Therefore, we should treat animals the way we want to be treated. (Dawkins) Some animals can show us their emotions from positive and negative reinforcements by their behavior. Some animals show their emotions by pushing doors or pecking keys. Other animals have autonomic responses, for example, increase in heart rate associated with emotional situations such as aggression. Other animals have specific behaviors such as vocalizations associated with their emotional state. Animal suffering causes us to question the things we do. For example, we shouldn’t kill animals or inflict pain on
Animal welfare is a fairly recent, yet troubling argument in society. This subject is a strong argument on a variety of opinions. Animal welfare has become a major issue and has grown internationally. The human concern and the safety and rights of animals is the meaning of the concept of animal welfare. Through decades of animal welfare, people fight to prevent the action of animal cruelty and bring help towards animal rights.
Psychological disorders is a major cause of animal cruelty. Split personality and being abused as a child is two...