God of the Sky, Lightning, Thunder, and King of the Gods
Zeus- honor, justice, lightning, and the skies
Jupiter-he becomes more strict, disciplined, militaristic, responsible, calm and warlike. The Greeks envisioned Zeus as a powerful and proud being, while the Romans envisioned Jupiter as a more formal and stoic version of his Greek counterpart, as well as more responsible.
God of the Sea, Earthquakes, Storms, and Horses
Poseidon- destruction, earthquakes, horses, hurricanes, oceans, seas, and storms
Neptune-he becomes more disciplined, militaristic, and warlike than his Greek counterpart. For Greeks, he was a major civic god and was highly respected for being the god of the sea and earthquakes. However the Romans, who were not seafaring people,
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Goddess of Love and Beauty
Aphrodite- beauty, love, lust, desire, sexuality, and pleasure.
Venus- The Greeks envisioned Aphrodite as a passionate and sensuous being. The Romans hailed Venus as the divine ancestress of their culture.
God of Dexterity, Thieves, Speed, and Travel: Messenger of Olympus
Hermes- roads, speed, messengers, commerce, travel, thieves, merchants, athletes, and mail deliverers
Mercury-Although the Greeks saw Hermes as a crafty, cunning, and resourceful being, the Romans envisioned Mercury more as the god of commerce and trade rather than just being a god of thievery and travel.
Goddess of the Hunt, Wilderness, Moon and Chastity
Artemis- hunt, the Moon, chastity, animals, and the wilderness
Diana- As Diana, she becomes more disciplined, militaristic, and warlike, as most Roman gods tend to be. The Greeks envisioned Artemis as an independent and vigorous goddess of the wilderness and hunt while the Romans depicted Diana additionally as the goddess of the moon.
God of Fire, Forge, Craftsmen, and blacksmiths
Hephaestus- forges, fire, technology, craftsmen, sculptors, volcanoes, and blacksmiths. His symbols are the ax, an anvil, a pair of tongs, hammer, and
All the gods and goddesses within the ancient greek religion were heavily worshipped by the Spartans, in particular Artemis Orthia, Poseidon and Apollo. The gods convey the society’s values and ethics. Artemis Orthia, was the combination of two deities, who
It has been known that the Romans and the Greeks have had many interactions with each other, whether it would be due to trading or just plain traveling, the stories of their myths have crossed each other in one way or another. This is may be the reason why there are many similarities between Greek and Roman Mythology. Even though a Greek god or goddess may have a different name in Roman Mythology they still performed similar tasks and were worshiped for similar reasons. I will compare and contrast Greek gods with their Roman equivalences to see how similar they truly are to each other. Probably the most famous Greek god, Zeus, was the god of all gods. Born to Cronus and Rhea, he was the ruler of the sky, and had the power to create thunderstorms and lightning as well as earthquakes. As the story goes he overthrew his father, Cronus, and became the ruler of Mount Olympus to head the new line of Gods. Jupiter, also known as Jove, was very much like Zeus. He was the predominant power holder among the Roman Gods. According to Tripp, Jupiter is a “contraction of two words meaning ‘Heavenly Father.’”(Pg. 332) He ruled the sky, controlled all of the weather, and had thunderbolts as a weapon. Tripp also wrote “Jupiter’s cult and his general character were, however, well established in Italy before the Greek religion became influential there.” (Pg. 333) This implies that the idea of Zeus, Jupiter and Jove had very little influence on each other since they were created before the Greek myths and Roman myths had started to cross paths. Hera, the wife and sister of Zeus, was the goddess of marriage, childbirth, and the queen of the heavens. She gave birth to Ares, Hebe, and Eileithyia. She also gave birth to Hephaestus, but it has been believed that she bore him without the aid of Zeus. In Ovid’s Metamorphoses, she was extremely jealous of the affairs that her husband had and she often tormented or harmed Zeus’s mistresses. Juno, the feminine version of Jupiter’s name, is Hera’s counterpart. Juno had many names that served for different purposes. As Juno Pronuba, she was goddess of marriage, as Juno Lucina, she was the goddess of childbirth, and as Juno Regina, she was the special counselor and protector of the Roman state. (Roman Mythological Characters, Juno) In Tripp, there was also a Juno Moneta that was governed finances. (Pg. 332) It seem...
Jupiter was the ruler of the gods. He is also known as Zeus to the Greeks. The King of Gods in Greek Mythology Zeus was the ruler of the sky, and had the power to create thunderstorms and lightning as well as earthquakes. He was the child of Cronus and Rhea. As the story goes he was their sixth child, and the father to protect him from being overthrown had eaten the five previous children. Zeus was taken to a city called Crete and hidden from his father. As Zeus grew older and learned of what happened he found a potion to make his father regurgitate the other children. Once this happened they all teamed up and killed their father. Zeus then became the ruler of Mount Olympus, and head of the new line of Gods. Jupiter was the predominant power holder of Roman Gods. He was ruler of the sky, the daylight, all the weather, and even the thunder and lightening.(Ruck,Carl and Staples, Danny, pg 19)
In ancient Greece and Rome, each of the gods was associated with specific objects. Zeus (Jupiter), the father of the gods, was often accompanied by an eagle or a thunderbolt; Apollo, the god of art, by a lyre; Artemis (Diana), the hunter, by a bow and quiver. In addition, the Romans perfected the use of secular allegorical symbols. For example, a woman surrounded by bunches of grapes and sheaves of wheat would be readily understood as a representation of the bounties of the earth.
Hermes is the god of shepherds, land travel, merchants, weights and measures, oratory, literature, athletics and thieves. Most importantly, he is the messenger of the gods. Hermes is the son of Zeus and the nymph Maia, daughter of Atlas. He was worshipped throughout Greece but mainly in Arcadia. Hermes was actually born in Arcadia in a cave on Mount Cyllene. Hermes was born at the break of dawn because Zeus, his father, had impregnated his mother, Maia, while the other god’s were sleeping. After Hermes was born he ran off to Thessaly. Hermes was originally a phallic god who was attached to fertility and good fortune. He was also a patron of roads and boundaries. The name Hermes stems from herma, the plural of hermaiherm. Hermaiherm is a square or rectangular pillar made of stone or bronze, with the head of Hermes. The head was placed at the top of the pillar with male genitals at the base of the pillar. The pillars were used for road and boundary markers. The people of Athens stood the pillars outside their homes to help fend off evil. Hermes has been depicted in
Mercury, or Hermes in Greek, is the god of financial gain, commerce, messages, communication, travelers, boundaries, luck, trickery and thieves. Mercury is the son of Maia and Jupiter. Mercury’s symbol is his winged sandals, winged cap, and his staff with the twin snakes on it. He’s winged sandals allow him to fly from Mount Olympus to the underworld. Mercury does not have a domain because of his ability to move freely between worlds.
Hermes is a greek god, he has beautiful sandals on which allow him to swiftly travel across the land as he is the messenger god. He also has a wand that allows him to put people to sleep, or when he wills, awaken them.
The God's impact and personality had a direct influence on daily life in Greek society. The Gods can give things "A cruel turn, this. Never had I thought to see this land, but Zeus let me see it." (Book 5, Line 426-427 The Odyssey unabridged), however, they can also take things away and curse their people "Take yourself out of this island, creeping thing...Your voyage here was cursed by heaven" (Book 10, Line 82-85 The Odyssey unabridged). Greek citizens had to always be considering what the Gods were thinking of them. The Greeks knew that whatever the Gods gave them, they will just as easily take everything away. By knowing the nicknames of the Gods, readers are able to determine their personalities. Throughout The Odyssey, Athena, Roman name Minerva, is often referred to as the "Grey-eyed goddess". This explanation can account for her cleverness and her bright, scheming eye. Athena is constantly changing shapes and disguises, but the cunning eye, stays constant. Another example of one of the God's personalities, is in the myth of Athena's birth. The personality of Zeus shines. It displays Zeus' constant lust after female mortals. There are many other displays of Zeus' lust. Many half mortals are the offspring of Zeus, due to his flirtatious attitude.
Athena, back in time when Greece was making its mark in history as one of the great civilization of the Ancient World, there was a great deal of emphasis on the Gods and Goddesses. To the Greeks the world was governed by the Gods and they were the reason many things happened in the world, mostly things that where unexplainable. The goddess Athena was one of the many gods or goddesses that played a large role in Greek mythology. Even though Athena was the patron saint of Athens she supported other Greeks outside of Athens, such as, Achilles, Orestes, and especially Odysseus. Athena is know to be the goddess of war, guardian of cities, patroness of arts and crafts, and promoter of wisdom (Classical).
Hermes is what people would a childish God, but he’s, in reality, a sensible God of culture and coy intelligence. He’s the medium and peacemaker of every side and a spectacular God.
When we look at Greek Mythology we often run into the gods of that era. Sometimes they are merely backdrops to the human element of the story but in stories such as The Odyssey the gods play a prominent if not vital role to the central themes of the story.
Aphrodite is depicted in her persona as a perfect, breathtaking woman, characterized by her potent sexual attractiveness. While Artemis is similar in her gender and her eternal youth, her appearance is not characterized with sexual attraction as much as it is fruitfulness and purity, as she is the goddess of chastity and natural environments. Aphrodite’s main symbol is a girdle that has magical powers to compel love, while Artemis contains a bow that is used for hunting flesh, and is very physically strong. And of course, because Artemis is a virgin god, she lacks a husband or any children for herself, while Aphrodite is in the complete opposite realm: she not only has a husband (Hephaestus), but an illicit lover too (Ares, the god of...
The ancient Greeks worshipped many gods, each with a distinct personality and domain. Greek myths explained the origins of the gods and their individual relations with mankind. There were twelve deities in the Greek pantheon who were known as the twelve Olympians. Foremost was Zeus, the sky god and father of the gods, to whom the ox and the oak tree were sacred. Zeus is the king of the gods, the ruler of Mount Olympus and the god of the sky, weather, thunder, law, order and fate. He is the youngest son of Cronus and Rhea, whom he overthrew, and brother-husband to Hera. In this paper I will discuss the symbols that often accompanied Zeus along with the beliefs that were held about these symbols along with Zeus himself, the cult practices that were performed to honor the father of the gods, the interesting relationship held between the Greeks and the divine and finally the event that came to be in the honor of Zeus and is still very prevalent today.
In the scheme of the Olympian gods, both Artemis and Hermes have their places. Artemis is one of Zeus’ daughters. She and her twin brother, Apollo, were born to the goddess Leto on the Island of Demos. Leto was struggling to find a place to birth her twins because she had offended Hera. She are her brother Apollo are very closely tied to each other; both of them are very fond of bows and arrows and Artemis is associated with the moon and Apollo with the sun. Artemis is the goddess of the hunt, of wild animals, and of childbirth. Hermes’ is the youngest of the established Olympians, born of Zeus and the nymph Maia, the daughter of Atlas. Hermes was born is a secluded cave, so Hera never knew Zeus had been with his mother. Hermes is the god of shepherds, travelers, merchants and tricksters and also the messenger of the gods and of Hades. After each...